Reading Racecourse

Yuemachang is located in the middle of Wuchang City, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, at the south foot of Sheshan mountain. It is adjacent to Wuchang road extending from Sheshan cave in the East, Yuemachang primary school in the south, Hubei theater in the west, and Yellow Crane Tower in the south foot of Sheshan mountain in the North. It is 100 meters long from east to west and 300 meters wide from north to South (another data is 200 meters long from east to west and 400 meters wide from north to south, which may be due to different calculation methods). Starting from this point, Wuluo road runs through the middle of the square and extends eastward. It is connected with the approach road of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge in the northwest and pengliuyang road in the southwest. It is the main road connecting the three towns in Wuhan.

Reading Racecourse

Yuemachang is located in the middle of Wuchang City, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, at the south foot of Sheshan mountain. It is adjacent to Wuchang road extending from Sheshan cave in the East, Yuemachang primary school in the south, Hubei theater in the west, and Yellow Crane Tower in the south foot of Sheshan mountain in the North. It is 100 meters long from east to west and 300 meters wide from north to South (another data is 200 meters long from east to west and 400 meters wide from north to south, which may be due to different calculation methods). Starting from this point, Wuluo road runs through the middle of the square and extends eastward. It is connected with the approach road of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge in the northwest and pengliuyang road in the southwest. It is the main road connecting the three towns in Wuhan.

brief introduction

Yuemachang used to be the training place of the Qing army's horse team. Later, it became a place full of revolutionary tradition. It is a well-known square in Wuhan. After the founding of new China, it was planned to build a memorial square with an area of 4.8 hectares. The Red Mansions are majestic, the colossal statues are high, the monuments are outstanding, and the pines and cypresses are green. Most people come here to visit.

history

The former site of Yuemachang is infered to be the palace of King Chu. Later, it was the teaching ground for military training in Ming Dynasty. It is called the parade building. There are three military training halls outside wusheng gate. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, Liu Zhaolin, governor of Hubei Province, rebuilt a new school field in the east of the palace of King Chu of the Ming Dynasty. There was a martial arts hall on the field, which was the playground for military training and martial arts examination of the Qing army. The barracks of the green camp soldiers of the Qing army were also in this area, formerly known as Yuemachang. After liberation, they changed "Chang" into "Chang" in writing, and it has been established by convention. In the hundreds of years after the burning of Chu palace, Yuemachang experienced and witnessed the honor and disgrace of Wuhan, where many important historical events took place. In the nearly three hundred years of soldiers' uprising and revolutionary struggle, it has left many glorious historical traces, so it is also known as the revolutionary Red Square.

In June of the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1688 AD), a mutiny took place in Wuchang and the green camp soldiers were dismissed. Xia Fenglong (Xia baozi) was elected as the Grand Marshal of the president's army, and the Grand Marshal of the president's army was established in Yuemachang. Since then, Yuemachang has become an important place for the people to fight and carry out revolutionary activities. In January of the third year of Xianfeng (1853 AD), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom captured Wuchang, where the Taiping Army built a platform to "preach truth" (to publicize the revolution), and held a pledge ceremony to march into Nanjing. In October 1911, the revolution of 1911, Wuchang Uprising, the establishment of a military government here, and in the Southern Tower worship general, worship Huang Xing as wartime commander in chief. During the May 4th movement, thousands of students held rallies and demonstrations in Yuemachang. After the Northern Expedition army captured Wuchang City, the people of Wuchang gathered here to celebrate the victory of the northern expedition. After that, it was a place for the people to celebrate the victory of Anti Japanese War and the liberation of Wuhan. In 1981, a grand event was held here to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the 1911 Revolution.

relationship

According to historical records, the palace of Chu king in Ming Dynasty was built in the fourth year of Hongwu (1371 A.D.) at the same time as Wuchang City in Ming Dynasty. For more than two hundred years in Ming Dynasty, Wuchang City was controlled by Chu palace. In 1644, Zhang Xianzhong conquered Wuchang, and the Chu palace and its walls were all destroyed. According to the records of "Ming history · Yi Wei Zhi · Qin Wang Fu Zhi": (Chu Wang Fu) the height of the city is two Zhang and nine feet, the height of the main hall is six feet and nine inches, the front and back hall of the main gate, four gates of the city tower, decorated with green and gold, and the gallery room is decorated with indigo. The main gate of the four cities is painted with red paint, painted with gold and nailed with copper... " According to historical records, the palace of the king of Chu is a huge complex of buildings. It is a city in the city, 2 li wide from east to west and 4 li long from south to north. As for the specific geographical location of the palace of the king of Chu, the book Wuhan Tong Lan said: "the former site of the palace of the king of Chu is located at the south foot of Gaoguan mountain, the middle peak of Sheshan mountain in Wuchang, facing Dachao Street (today's Fuxing Road), Changjie Street (today's Jiefang Road) on the right, and Yuemachang on the left."

Relevant experts believe that today's Yuemachang and Red Mansion should be part of the Ming Dynasty Chu palace ruins, and from the discovered building components, they are the remains of the main building complex of the palace. This judgment is contrary to the fact that "King Chu's residence is adjacent to Yuemachang (also known as Yanwu Hall)" recorded in some historical materials, probably because today's Yuemachang is not in the same geographical location as the Yuemachang in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to relevant historical documents, in the Ming Dynasty, Yuemachang was already in the east of the Chu palace. Old news of Hubei, written by Chen Shi of Qing Dynasty, is described in the section of "sheji altar, in Yuemachang". Its geographical location is in the area under the abandoned camp of Huanghe mountain (today's Sheshan mountain) in the east of the city. Yuemachang, as the ancients said, may be located outside the gate of Zhongnan University of economics and law in Wuchang to the library of Hubei Province. It is not the Yuemachang area referred to by modern people.

The Red Mansion in the north of Yuemachang is the former site of the Wuchang Uprising military government of the 1911 Revolution. It was originally the seat of Hubei consultative Bureau in the late Qing Dynasty. It was built in 1909 (the first year of Xuantong) and completed in 1910. It is a group of buildings, covering an area of more than 8000 square meters and a building area of 6000 square meters. The form is similar to the administrative Hall of modern western countries. The upper and lower floors are 73 meters wide and 42 meters deep. Brick and wood structure, facing south. In the middle of the top of the upper layer, there is a church like watchtower, which has the style of Western European classical architecture. The doors and windows are exquisitely lined, and the external walls are decorated with reliefs with patterns such as ears of corn and lotus, which are simple and elegant. There is another two-story building behind the main building, which used to be a residence for members of the Consultative Council. There is a row of red bungalows on each side. There are two iron gate in front of the exit, and the two sides of the gate are gatehouses. The red low wall with iron bars in the upper part extends from the gatehouse to both sides, and connects with the bungalows on the left and right sides and the member's office behind the main building to form a square courtyard.

Today, it is known as "red building" not only because its main building is red building, but also because it is the symbol of the first uprising of 1911. It once became the seat of Hubei military governor's Government (Hubei military government) of the Republic of China, the center of the national revolution and the core of today's Shouyi culture. After the victory of the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution on October 10, 1911, the revolutionaries started to form the Hubei military government according to the original plan. Because the Huguang governor's office was destroyed by the war, it could not be restored and used for a while. It was decided that the office building of the Advisory Bureau should be used as the office of the governor's office of the Hubei army of the Republic of China (i.e. the Hubei military government). The first notice was issued here, announcing the abolition of the Qing Dynasty monarchy and the establishment of the Republic of China. The military government once performed the functions of the central revolutionary government. Therefore, Yuemachang and Honglou became the revolutionary centers of the whole country for a period of time, attracting attention at home and abroad. In 1926, the Northern Expedition army conquered Wuchang, and the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army and the Hubei provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang were both located in the Red Mansion. In the spring of the next year, the first provincial Congress of Hubei farmers' Association was held here, and Mao Zedong was appointed as the honorary chairman of the Congress. After the liberation of Wuhan on May 16, 1949, the CPC Hubei Provincial Committee also worked here. In March 1979, Song Qingling, honorary president of the people's Republic of China, inscribed the banner "the former site of the military government of the Wuchang Uprising" in her own handwriting.

In 1961, it was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. In 1981, the site was completely renovated and turned into a museum of the revolution of 1911. The rooms officially opened include the conference hall restored to its original appearance, the residence and office of Li Yuanhong, the commander of the military government. The office buildings on the two wings of the original main building are equipped with auxiliary exhibitions reflecting the revolution of 1911 and other temporary exhibitions related to the revolution of 1911. Surrounded by low walls, the red chamber has beautiful trees and flowers in the courtyard. Outside the courtyard, there is a bronze statue of Sun Yat Sen, dressed in a long robe and mandarin jacket, with a staff in his left hand and a hat in his right hand, standing facing south and gazing into the distance.

At the south end of Yuemachang, there is Huangxing general worship platform. After the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution, Huang Xing came from Shanghai to Hubei to preside over the military affairs and served as the wartime commander in chief. The revolutionary military government built a platform here to confer its seal, so it was named baijiangtai. After several times of destruction, the existing building is a tall red terrazzo monument rebuilt on the original site in 1955. On the front of the monument, there are three big characters of "baijiangtai" and two small characters of "Liren Huangxing, the commander in chief of Hubei army in 1911, confers seal here". The monument is beautiful and beautiful, just like the majestic red building opposite.

Address: South foot of Sheshan mountain, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Longitude: 114.316082

Latitude: 30.55412

Chinese PinYin : Yue Ma Chang