Qing Wang Fu

Qing Wang Fu

Qingwangfu is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Qingwangfu is composed of "urban cultural leisure space" and "historical and cultural theme hotel". It is a comprehensive cultural tourism, business conference and leisure resort.

survey

QingWang mansion, located at No.55 Chongqing Road (former Cambridge Road, British concession), Heping District, Tianjin, is located in the hinterland of the "five Avenue historic building area" with the most concentrated historic buildings in Tianjin. It is a historic building with special protection level in Tianjin and a cultural relic protection unit in Tianjin.

Qingwangfu was built in 1922. It was originally a private house designed and built by xiaodezhang, the chief eunuch of the late Qing Dynasty. It was listed as the top Chinese building in the former British concession. Later, it was purchased by Zaizhen, the fourth generation Prince of Qing Dynasty, and lived here, so it was named "qingwangfu". QingWang mansion covers an area of 4327 square meters and a construction area of 5922 square meters. It is a two-story brick and wood structure (with basement) enclosed building with a patio. The whole building adapts to the westernized life at that time and combines with the image of Chinese traditional culture. It is a typical building with the west wind spreading to the east among the five Avenue western style buildings.

After liberation, the former royal residence became the office of Tianjin Branch of China Soviet Friendship Association, Tianjin People's Association for friendship with foreign countries, Tianjin Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Commission, Tianjin commerce commission and Foreign Affairs Office of Tianjin People's government. In May 2011, under the leadership of Tianjin Municipal Bureau of land, resources and housing, Tianjin historical landscape architectural finishing Co., Ltd. completed the renovation work of QingWang mansion in nearly a year according to the principles of "protection priority, reasonable utilization, repair as before, safety and applicability". On the basis of fully respecting and preserving the historical and cultural information of the building, the renovation process integrates the exquisite and unique modern functions. Today, this former palace has become a unique cultural and leisure space in Tianjin.

Shanyili boutique hotel is the first villa style historical and cultural theme hotel in Tianjin, formerly known as the "shanyili" English style Lane residential community built in 1937. It has 16 townhouse style hotel suites and 17 hotel style apartments. After two years of careful repair, it completely retains the architectural style of red tiles on the slope top and sulfur tank brick wall, as well as the dense block texture. Each villa room is self-contained With the courtyard, to provide residents away from the world like private and quiet living experience.

history

Xiaode Zhang Jianfang

Xiaodezhang, formerly known as Zhang Yunting, was born in Xiangzhai (1876-1957). The word "Lan" was arranged in the inner palace of the Qing Dynasty, and the preface was Zhang Landan. Empress Dowager Cixi once gave the name "Hengtai". He was born in Jinghai, Zhili (now Jinghai County, Tianjin). Xiao De Zhang had a poor family since he was a child. He entered the palace in the 17th year of Guangxu. After that, he was transferred to Shengping Department (Nanfu Troupe) to study Peking Opera. After three years of hard work and hard work, Xiao De Zhang, who looks handsome and smart, soon comes to the fore. He is appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi, who loves Peking Opera very much and attends to the Empress Dowager.

In 1908, Guangxu and Cixi died one after another. At the critical moment of the power struggle in the palace, Xiao Dezhang used his power in the palace to control the government. In the first year of Xuantong, Xiao Dezhang finally took the place of Li Lianying and became the chief eunuch of the late Qing Dynasty. Since then, Xiao De Zhang's power has been devolved into the government and the opposition, and no one in the harem can match him.

In 1912, when the Empress Dowager Longyu died, Xiao De Zhang ended his 25 years of eunuch life and went to Tianjin to work as an apartment. Xiaodezhang, who first arrived in Tianjin, lived with his adopted son Zhang binru in a small building in the former Japanese concession for many years. In 1917, Tianjin was flooded, and Xiao Dezhang had the idea of building a new building. In 1922, he chose the site of Cambridge Road in the former British concession, drew his own drawings, carefully conceived and spared no effort to build this Chinese and Western architecture. In 1923, the new house was completed and Xiao De Zhang's family moved in.

Prince Qing's residence

Zaizhen (1876-1947), surnamed Aixinjueluo, was named Yuzhou. In the imperial clan of Qing Dynasty, the eldest son of Qing Prince Yi zhe was granted the title of Beizi. He successively served as the commander of the Han Army in Xianglan banner, the former Minister of the royal family, and the chief of Zhenghong banner. In the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he promulgated the constitution, reformed the official system, and served as an important Secretary of the Ministry of agriculture, industry and commerce. In 1917, Yi zhe died. According to the "conditions for the treatment of the Qing Royal Family", Li Yuanhong issued a presidential order to inherit Prince Qing and became the real last prince.

As Yi zhe was the Prime Minister of foreign affairs, Zaizhen was selected as the special envoy of the Qing Dynasty by Cixi three times. He went abroad to study the world and learn about the social culture of Europe, America and Japan. In the late Qing Dynasty, Zaizhen was the first one to go abroad.

In 1902, Zaizhen returned from a study tour of Britain, France, Belgium, the United States and Japan. He was twice summoned by Empress Dowager Cixi. He explained the urgency of developing business and proposed the establishment of a Ministry of Commerce. In 1903, the Qing government issued a decree to revitalize commerce and set up a Ministry of Commerce in the central government. Zaizhen was the first minister of the Ministry of Commerce. Since then, he began his historical journey of revitalizing and developing commerce.

In his youth, Zai Zhen was ambitious and accomplished a lot. However, he lost his official position because he was involved in the bureaucratic disturbance. This is the case of Yang Cuixi.

In 1906, Zaizhen went to Jilin to supervise academic affairs. He passed through Tianjin. Duan Zhigui, an alternate Taoist priest in Zhili, spent 12000 yuan to buy famous actors Yang Cuixi and Zaizhen in order to get the position of governor of Heilongjiang. In 1907, the censor Zhao Qilin impeached them, which caused a sensation in Kyoto. After being investigated and dealt with in accordance with the order, the matter was not settled because there was a reason and there was no evidence. Zhao Qilin, the censor, was robbed of his official position for the crime of "lying", and Duan Zhigui, who had already taken office, was also removed from the position of governor of Heilongjiang. Yi zhe also ordered Zai Zhen to resign. Since then, Zaizhen has not held any official post.

After Xuantong abdicated, Zaizhen and his family fled to Tianjin and lived in their own homes in the German concession and the British concession respectively. Soon, Zaizhen went back to Beijing. In 1925, Zaizhen bought xiaodezhang's house, and then his family moved to Tianjin and began his life as an apartment, so the house was named "qingwangfu".

He is good at making friends, making celebrities and investing in Tianjin's modern industry. In 1928, Zai Zhenjing was introduced and invested in the quanyechang and Jiaotong Hotel founded by comprador Gao Xingqiao, with the general name of Xinye company. In 1935, the Bohai tower was built with the profits of quanyechang.

Zaizhen lived here in 1925 until his death, and spent 23 years of lonely life in Prince Qingfu. In the winter of 1947, Zaizhen was seriously ill. Half a month later, he died in the palace of King Qing at the age of 72. Since Zaizhen abdicated from the throne of the Qing emperor, after the Republic of China government, warlords' scuffle, the Nanjing Government of the Kuomintang, and the Japanese puppet rule, he did not appear at the beginning. After the deliberation of Cao Rulin, Zhu zuozhou and others, his posthumous title was "Zhen", so Zaizhen, Prince Qingzhen of the Qing Dynasty, was engraved on Zaizhen's Spirit card.

Change and inheritance

In January 1949, after the liberation of Tianjin, the Military Control Commission took over the palace. Since 1950, this old palace has become the office of Tianjin Branch of Sino Soviet Friendship Association, Tianjin People's Association for friendship with foreign countries, Tianjin Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Commission, Tianjin commerce commission and Foreign Affairs Office of Tianjin People's government. In 1991, qingwangfu became a cultural relic protection unit in Tianjin. In 2005, qingwangfu was recognized as a special protection level historic building in Tianjin.

In June 2010, in accordance with the work plan of the municipal Party committee and municipal government "protecting historic buildings and inheriting the historical context of the city", Tianjin historic buildings sorting Co., Ltd. (thard) carried out the renovation work of QingWang mansion in accordance with the principle of "protection priority, reasonable utilization, repair as before, safety and applicability". In order to maximize the restoration of the original architectural history, the company has carried out a large number of survey, surveying and mapping, testing and testing of historical building materials, and invited historical building residents and staff of early office units to the site many times for identification, providing a large number of guidance basis for renovation work. Under the leadership of Tianjin land and Housing Administration Bureau, thard and more than 40 teams including CCA, surv, Rockefeller, Tianjin University, Nankai University, Tongji University and Tianjin Housing Group completed the renovation work of QingWang mansion through nearly one year's efforts.

Architectural style and characteristics

style

QingWang mansion is a two-story brick and wood structure (with basement) enclosed building with inner courtyard; the two-story eaves are equipped with open colonnade, the building form is simple and bright. There is a sharing hall in the room, which is grand and open, adapting to the westernized life at that time. Brushstone walls and traditional Chinese glass railings complement each other, and the traditional Chinese flowers and birds carved on the glass of doors and windows are vivid. Qingwangfu is a typical Chinese and Western architecture in the rental area of Tianjin in 1920s.

Detail features

Stained glass: the stained glass is engraved with "the master of renxu accompanied by Qin in mid autumn", only because the landscape pictures in it were painted by Xiao Dezhang himself, engraved with his own nickname, and marked with two more characters. After Zai Zhen bought the building, he also used the colored glass engraved with the four characters of Xiao De Zhang's elegant name "master of banqin", which shows his recognition and love for the house built by Xiao De Zhang.

Glass pillars: Six diamond shaped glass pillars were all carried by Xiao Dezhang from Beijing to Tianjin in those years. The three colors of yellow, green and blue were used for imperial purposes, which boasted the royal lineage of each glass pillar.

Phoebe openwork decorative cover: the double-sided openwork Phoebe floor cover and lintel cover located in the rooms on the East and west sides of the third floor are exquisite in design and workmanship

Chinese PinYin : Qing Wang Fu