Feiyun River

Feiyun River

Feiyun River, once known as Luoyang River, Anyang River, Angu River and Rui'an River in ancient times, flows into the sea (East China Sea) in southern Zhejiang Province alone. It is one of the eight major river systems in Zhejiang Province, the fourth largest river in Zhejiang Province and the second largest river in Wenzhou City. Originated in baiyunjian, Donggong mountain, Jingning She Autonomous County, Zhejiang Province, it flows from west to East through Taishun County and Wencheng County, and into the East China Sea in Shangwang Town, Southeast of Chengguan Town, Ruian City. The main stream is 193 km long

7 km

）The average gradient is 5.7 ‰. The drainage area is 3719 square kilometers. In the middle and upper reaches of the main stream, the slope is large, the beach is large, the water is fast, and the hydraulic resources are rich. The downstream flows through the alluvial plain, and the rain flood of Wenruitang River (Ruian part) on the left bank and ruipingtang River on the right bank also flows into Feiyun River. The Bund of the estuary is developed, with an area of about 300000 mu.

Feiyun River waterway can reach baizhangkou of Taishun County. Ruian port in Hekou is the largest port in the river basin and the main small and medium-sized port in the southeast coast of Zhejiang Province. Ruian City is the industrial and agricultural products distribution center in the middle and lower reaches of Feiyun River and an important industrial center in the river basin. It has the titles of China's leisure shoes production base, China's automobile and motorcycle parts capital and China Packaging Machinery City.

The middle and upper reaches of Feiyun River are rich in hydropower resources, with the highest water head in China, such as baizhanghe hydropower station, Shanxi water control project and other water conservancy facilities.

Rich in tourism resources, there are Taishun corridor bridge, Feiyun lake, Liuji hometown, Baizhang waterfall, Shisheng forest and other scenic spots.

(business card: Wencheng section of Feiyun River)

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General situation of main stream

River course

Feiyun River was named Luoyang River and Anyang River in Wu Dynasty, Angu River in Jin Dynasty and rui'anjiang in early Tang Dynasty. At that time, the ferry crossing Rui'an river was called feiyundu. In 903, it was renamed Feiyunjiang.

Feiyun River, located in the south of Zhejiang Province, is the second largest river in Wenzhou City. There are different historical records about its origin. There are two sources recorded in Ruian county annals of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty and general annals of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Prefecture annals of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty and Ruian county annals of the Republic of China: one is from the Northeast temperature of Zhenghe County in Fujian Province; the other is from mutouling in the southeast of Qingtian County in Zhejiang Province. In order to find out the real source of the river, an investigation team was formed in Wenzhou and Lishui in 1987 to make a special field investigation. Finally, the source of the river was located in the northwest slope pit of baiyunjian, Dongtang administrative village, Jingnan Township, Jingning She Autonomous County. It has a total length of 203 kilometers and a drainage area of 3252 square kilometers,

Feiyun River: 198.7 km

Water conservancy records of Zhejiang Province: 193 km

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Feiyun River is the South Branch of Donggong mountain in xianxialing. It originates from the northwest slope of baiyunjian on the border of Jingtai. It originates from Jingnan Township, Jingning She Autonomous County, Zhejiang Province. It starts from fukeng and flows northward to the left bank of the confluence of Dongtang hydropower station, where the water from Zhongxi comes into it, and the water from Baixi comes into it on the left bank below the confluence. The main stream flows out of Dongtang stream and into dabaikeng stream. The left bank flows into zhushugen stream and Shenyang stream. Then it flows eastward to Baihe confluence. The left bank flows into Beixi stream of Chimu mountain and continues to flow eastward. Along the way, it flows successively from nadongkeng and leitongkukeng on the right bank, and from nashawangkeng, beishankeng, Zhangkeng and chentankeng on the left bank to litangkou and flows into Taishun County. The drainage area of the main stream in Jingning section is 224.44 square kilometers, the river length is 39.9 kilometers, the natural drop is 920 meters, and the average slope is 23.06 ‰.

The main stream enters Huangqiao Township in Taishun County and flows from north to south. The water comes from nashenkeng on the right bank, nachenlukeng on the left bank, and Huangqiao comes out of Dazhu. The main stream is called Sancha stream. The water comes from nashijiaokeng on the right bank, nachenkeng on the left bank, and then goes down to baihedu hydropower station on the right bank. Then it goes down to Xikou village where it joins with Liguang stream, and then turns southeast to the high mountain gorge The middle stream flows through baizhangkou, and the water comes from nahongkou stream on the right bank. In history, the main stream below baizhangkou is called Feiyun River. The main stream flows eastward from baizhangkou to najujiang stream on the right bank of jiaoxilong, to nayefengkeng on the left bank of Muwan village in Fengmen Township, to nabaoyankeng on the right bank of Nankeng, and to yinzhukeng in Yanshang Township, leaving Taishun County and flowing into Wencheng County. The main stream in Taishun County has a drainage area of 864.3 square kilometers, a river length of 36.3 kilometers, a natural drop of 290 meters, and an average slope of 7.99 ‰.

Feiyun River enters Wencheng County in Shangjin village, Huixi township. The main stream flows eastward and northward down to the water of nagaozuokou on the left bank of Xiaoxikou, to nahuangtankeng on the left bank of donglongpang mountain, to qianqiukeng on the right bank of dongwankeng, to Nasi on the left bank of nagaokou, to najiuxi on the right bank of Jiuxi, and to nafangkeng on the right bank of Dalongkou. Feiyun River flows out of Dalongkou and into Ruian City. The main stream in Wencheng County has a drainage area of 1123.5 square kilometers, a river length of 43.5 kilometers, a natural drop of 115 meters, and an average slope of 2.64 ‰.

Feiyun River enters Ruian City at huang'ao village, Yingqian Township, Ruian City. It continues eastward to the left bank of Xiaokou mountain, to the left bank of Gaolou Xikou village, to the right bank of Xialong village, to the left bank of gexi village, to the left bank of Shuntai village, to the right bank of Mayu village, and to Qijia of Jinggu township The water flows from the Nahe River on the left bank of the village to the nacaocun River on the right bank of Xindu bridge in Jiangxi Township, to the najinchaogang River on the left bank of Shazhou in Taoshan Township, to the natong River on the left bank of Pudi in Puxi Township, and then flows into Ruian port, where the water flows from the Ruitang river at dongshanxiabu on the left bank, and the water flows from the naripingtang river at Nanma Road in Feiyun Town on the right bank. It flows 11 kilometers out of Rui'an port and flows into the East China Sea at the new village of Shangwang Town, Rui'an City. Feiyun River is located in Ruian City, with an area of 1337.8 square kilometers, a length of 79 kilometers, a natural drop of 10 meters and an average slope of 0.13 ‰.

Channel characteristics

The upper reach of Feiyun River is 69.5 km long from the starting point of the river source to baizhangkou. On the right bank, Siqian River and Hongkou River converge, with a drop of about 1200 meters and an average slope of 16.2 ‰. The area of rainfall collection in the section is 869 square kilometers, accounting for 23% of the whole basin area. The river flows down from the high mountain gorge, and the riverbed rocks are exposed. Large stones, pebbles and coarse sand are distributed along both sides of the river.

The middle reach, from baizhangkou to tanjiao, is 68.38 km long. On the left bank, there are streams, Sixi, Yuquan and Gaolou. The river is 100-350 meters wide, with a riverbed drop of 115 meters and an average slope of 1.1 ‰. The area of rainfall collection in the section is 1221 square kilometers, accounting for 44% of the total drainage area. Along the cliffs on both sides of the river, the sandy beach and central beach at the confluence of tributaries in the section are developed, and the thickness of gravel in the riverbed is 10-80 meters. There is a large reservoir power station in Shanxi river.

The downstream reach, 60.8km long from tanjiao to Hekou, is a tidal reach, with Jinchao port and Wenruitang River converging, and Caocan port and ruipingtang River converging on the right bank. The river drop is 10m, with an average slope of 0.16 ‰. The rainfall collection area is 1221km2, accounting for 33% of the basin area. The lower reaches of the river enter into the alluvial and marine plain, the interaction of runoff and tide, and under the control of topography, a variety of river forms appear.

hydrographic features

Flow characteristics

The inflow of Feiyun River is divided into upstream inflow and tidal inflow. (1) The amount of water from upstream. The upstream of Feiyun River is rich in water, with an average annual rainfall of 1850 mm, an average annual runoff depth of 1183 mm, an average annual flow of 59.1 m3 / s, an average annual runoff of 3.85 billion m3, and a minimum annual runoff of 1.186 billion m3. The distribution of runoff in the year is mainly concentrated in the Meiyu season from May to June and the typhoon season from April to October, accounting for about 70% of the total annual runoff. (2) The amount of water coming from the tide. The tide in the tidal reach of Feiyun River rises and falls twice a day, with a period of about 12 hours and 30 minutes. It is an irregular semidiurnal tide. Due to the effect of runoff, the general trend of flow in the estuary is that the average velocity of ebb tide is greater than that of flood tide, the discharge of ebb tide is greater than that of flood tide, and the duration of ebb tide is greater than that of flood tide. During the spring tide, the velocity can exceed 1-2 m / s. The time of high tide is 5-6 hours, the time of low tide is 6-7 hours, the rest time is 30 minutes in spring tide and 20 minutes in neap tide. The average tidal range is 4.5m and the maximum is 6.2m.

Sediment property

There are two sources of sediment in the Feiyun River Estuary and the whole tidal reach: one is the sediment from the upstream basin, the other is the sediment from the sea area. Both of them have a great influence on the development and change of estuarine and downstream tidal reach.

Sediment from upstream

The sediment concentration of the flow from the upper reaches of Feiyun River is low, and the total amount of sediment transport is small. According to the statistics of the measured data (1959-1983), the annual average sediment concentration is only 0.141 kg / m3, and the annual average sediment transport is 358300 tons. The annual distribution of sediment transport is mainly concentrated in the rainstorm period. In general years, the sediment discharge from May to October often accounts for more than 60% of the annual sediment discharge. The sediment from the upstream is coarse, most of which are sandy pebbles. The coarse-grained sediments are deposited along the river, and most of them are deposited near the foot of pingyangkeng beach. A part of fine sand and silty sand in the tidal reach are mainly discharged to the lower reaches of Feiyun River and outside the estuary through the action of flood.

Sediment from sea area

The coastal area of the city is a strong tidal current area. Especially in winter and spring, the northerly wind prevails in the coastal areas, while the northerly wind prevails in the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang

Chinese PinYin : Fei Yun Jiang