Animaqing snow mountain

In his Tibetan documents, Animaqing means the highest waiter in front of the living Buddha. He is regarded as a holy mountain by Tibetans. Every year, a large number of pilgrims go to worship.

Mount Animaqing

synonym

Animaqing snow mountain generally refers to Animaqing mountain

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

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Animaqing mountain, also known as Maji snow mountain, means "the mountain of grandfather Dama God" in Tibetan. In the southeast of Qinghai Province, it extends to the southern border of Gansu Province. It is the middle branch of the eastern section of Kunlun Mountains. Northwest southeast. The Yellow River flows around the southeast. It is about 200 km long and 60 km wide. The altitude is 4000-5000m. The main peak, maqinggang, is 6282m above sea level, covered with snow and glaciers all the year round. Rich in precious wildlife and mineral resources.

geographical environment

Location context

It starts in the northwest at the boundary of 98 ° 43'e and changshitoushan, and ends in the southeast at 101 ° 51'e. It is 350 km long and 50-60 km wide at the junction of Gansu and Qinghai provinces. The Animaqing mountains were formed by Variscan folds and uplifted by Himalayan movement. The highest part of the mountain is located in the west of Maqin County, northwest southeast, known as Maji snow mountain. There are 18 peaks with an altitude of more than 5000 meters, and 30 modern glaciers. The highest peak is named maqinggangri, with an altitude of 6282 meters.

Geology and geomorphology

The Animaqing mountains are formed by the Himalayan orogeny and the uplift of the Qinghai Tibet plateau at the end of the tertiary. Most of the rocks are Permian and Triassic sandstones, intercalated with limestone strata and granite, so the mountain is very magnificent.

Climatic characteristics

Here is a continental climate, the weather is changeable, sometimes a few days change, wind and snow hail alternate. According to the actual measurement, it is dominated by strong wind and heavy snow before the end of April every year. From the beginning of June to the end of August, there is a continuous rain, complete snow and hail, sometimes accompanied by tornadoes, and the daily precipitation of about 10 mm often lasts for more than 20 days. The lowest temperature in a year is in January, and the peak temperature can reach below - 50 ℃. From the end of April to the beginning of June and in September and October, the lowest temperature of the main peak is - 30 ℃. In the whole year, the northwest wind and northeast wind are the most abundant, and the westerly wind is also more. 2. The maximum wind is in March and April, and the maximum is in March. The gale with wind speed above 17 m / s often lasts for more than 15 days. At an altitude of 4700 meters, the maximum wind speed can reach 40 meters per second.

hydrographic features

There are more than 40 large and small glaciers, covering an area of about 150 square kilometers, and rich in water resources. The melting water of glaciers respectively flows into the qiemuqu river system, a tributary of the Yellow River.

natural resources

The manimaqen mountain is characterized by complex topography, abundant resources, changeable climate and significant difference in vertical distribution of vegetation. Generally, there are mountain coniferous forests at 3200-3600 meters above sea level, subalpine shrub meadows at 3600-4000 meters above sea level, and alpine meadows above 4000 meters above sea level. Rich in wormwood, Fritillaria, rhubarb, astragalus, notopterygium and other valuable medicinal materials. The foothills of majiexue mountain are rich in marshy meadows at an altitude of 4600-4700 meters, and there are alpine cushion plants above 4800 meters. There are white lipped deer, snow leopard, snow chicken and other precious animals.

Meaning of names

Animaqing snow mountain is not only beautiful in nature, but also mysterious in various legends.

"Ani" in Tibetan means the ancestor old man, and contains the meaning of beautiful heart, happiness or broad. "Maqing" in Tibetan means the largest mountain at the source of the Yellow River. It also means majestic and magnificent. Local Tibetans believe that Animaqing snow peak is one of the 21 sacred snow mountains of "bokawajiangong". It is the fourth of the nine God of creation. It is a powerful and powerful mountain god.

Tibetans believe in gods. With such great power, Animaqing mountain naturally becomes a place of worship. Every Tibetan year of "the year of the sheep" or the year of separation of Shenmen (Nigo), Xuemen and gangguo, worshippers take simple clothes, cooking utensils and food to worship around the mountain. They do their best to worship, so as to eliminate sins and lift their souls to heaven. It usually takes seven or eight days to walk around the mountain. The conditions along the way are very difficult.

Legend of holy mountain

Animaqing is a sacred mountain and a branch of Kunlun mountain system. It is also known as the four sacred mountains of Tibetan Buddhism with Gangrenboqi in Tibet, Meili Snow Mountain in Yunnan and gaduojuevo in Yushu.

The spirit of Animaqing snow mountain comes from Animaqing's Tibetan documents, which means the highest waiter in front of the living Buddha. "Animaqing" is a Tibetan translation of Amdo, which means the ancestor old man. It also means beauty, happiness or boldness. "Animaqing" means the largest mountain at the source of the yellow River, which also means magnificence. The Tibetan people call Animaqing "bokawajian Gong", which is one of the nine God of creation. Among the 21 God snow mountains believed by the Tibetan people, it ranks the fourth. It is known as sibajiao beilage, who is in charge of the ups and downs of mountains and rivers and the vicissitudes of life in andor area. He is the rescuer of the Tibetan people. It is said that Animaqing Mountain God is the fourth son of ward, the living Mountain God. In order to save the Tibetan people and make them live and work in peace and contentment, ward sent the fourth man to Amdo to eliminate demons, subdue beasts, punish bad people, and make the people live a happy and peaceful life. Later, when the fourth man met his father ward Gongjia, the nine storey white jade tower built by him became Animaqing Mountain God.

"King Gesar biography" epic called Animaqing Mountain God "king of war", said he was the epic hero Gesar where the mountain god. In the collection of a Foreign Language Division of "the birth of heroes", it is also said that Gesar was born in the dream of Animaqing Mountain God and Dragon Girl fruit Salam. It is also closely related to the Tibetan epic Gesar Wang Zhuan. In order to protect him, the people in Anduo Tibetan area still worship him. In the Tibetan areas of Qinghai, we can often see the portraits of Animaqing Mountain God, with White Helmets, white armor, white robes, white horses in his crotch and silver guns in his hand. He has excellent martial arts skills, conquers demons and helps the poor, and has infinite wisdom. With such great power, Animaqing naturally became a place of worship. In case of disaster, they always call for Animaqing and hope that the powerful mountain god will lend a helping hand. During the festive season, people take out cypress incense, fried noodles and butter to salute the mountain god.

During the year of the sheep or the year of the separation between Shenmen (Nico) and Xuemen (gangguo) in the Tibetan calendar, the worshippers carry simple luggage, cooking utensils and food, walk in the wind and snow, wade through mountains and rivers, live in the wind and sleep in the open, and worship around the mountains for a week. Only in this way can they achieve the goal of eliminating sins and lifting their souls to heaven The road conditions are very difficult. It is difficult to support without tenacious physical strength and perseverance.

Main attractions

Animaqing snow mountain, also known as Maji snow mountain, is located in Xueshan Township, Maqin County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, 80 kilometers away from Dawu Town, the capital of the Autonomous Prefecture, and 521 kilometers away from Xining. Animaqing snow mountain area is rich in animal and plant resources, which is a paradise for wild animals and plants. There are patches of pine, cypress, birch, fir, black thorn and other trees. There are dozens of rare wild animals such as white lipped deer, roe deer, snow leopard, yellow sheep, rock sheep, snow chicken and so on. It is rich in Cordyceps sinensis, snow lotus, rhubarb and other precious medicinal materials.

The charming legend of Animaqing snow mountain makes it sacred, mysterious and magical. It is a famous holy mountain on the snow plateau. It is regarded by the Tibetan people as one of the nine great gods of creation, and plays an important role in Tibetan traditional culture.

Huangheyuan international hunting ground

Huangheyuan international hunting ground is located in Maduo County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, 40 kilometers away from the county. It is an international hunting ground approved by the Ministry of forestry of China in 1996. The hunting ground covers an area of 370000 hectares. There are three hunting areas in Heihai, Zhaling lake and Heihe. The hunting ground is surrounded by high mountains, just like a barrier. The middle part is flat and open. The lakes are scattered all over the territory, and the natural environment is complex and diverse. The vegetation is mainly alpine meadow, grassland and swamp meadow. There are abundant wild animal resources, such as Tibetan wild donkey, Tibetan gazelle, rock sheep, snow chicken, etc. There are plenty of wild animals for hunting, which is one of the ideal hunting grounds in China.

 

Xingsuhai

Xingxiu sea is located 20 kilometers northwest of Maduo County, 510 kilometers away from Xining. When the Yellow River enters the Xingxiu Sea basin, the river overflows and accumulates water at the lower part of the terrain, forming different sizes and shapes of sea and water pools. The large ones are hundreds of square meters, and the small ones are only a few square meters. They are densely packed and scattered, just like stars in the sky falling here, so they are called Xingxiu sea, or peacock exhibition screen. Therefore, the local Tibetans call Xingxiu sea "Ma Yang", which means "Ma Yang" It's peacock beach. Shuipo and Haizi are surrounded by lush grassland with beautiful scenery.

 

Zhaling lake and Eling Lake

Zhaling lake and Eling Lake are located 30 kilometers northwest of Maduo County, and are the two largest freshwater lakes in the Yellow River Basin. After flowing through Xingxiu sea, the Yellow River flows in from the southwest corner of Zaling lake and flows out from the southeast corner into Eling Lake

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