Danshui River Mangrove Nature Reserve

--Danshui River Mangrove Nature Reserve, located in the southwest of Guandu Plain, is a typical estuarine wetland. There is a smooth and flat plank road along the reserve. You can choose to ride or take a walk. You can get in close contact with the natural ecology, which is very comfortable. You can see small animals that you don't usually see here, which is very suitable for parent-child travel.

--The Danshui line does not allow bicycles to enter or leave the station. If you bring your own bicycles, please enter or leave the station from mangrove station.

Danshui River Mangrove Nature Reserve

In the past, without any protection measures, this place was often illegally occupied, or even dumped garbage and waste soil, which worsened the water quality and damaged the ecological environment. In view of this, in 1985, the government incorporated it into the management measures of Baoan forest to protect it. In June 1986, the Council of Agriculture announced the establishment of "Danshui River Mangrove Natural Reserve" in accordance with the Cultural Assets Preservation Law to ensure the safety of water pen It's sustainable.

brief introduction

Scope: baoanlin, a scenic spot along the Tanshui River near Zhuwei, Taipei County

Announcement date: June 27, 1986

Located in the northwest of Taipei City, southwest of Guandu Plain, this area is a typical estuarine wetland. The landscape here has undergone great changes in the past 300 years. According to the records of the literature, this area was a large area of water in the early Qing Dynasty (about 1700). In 1875, it was reclaimed as farmland, and it was still farmland in 1965. In 1968, the government built Guandu Difang to prevent floods, so the farmland outside the Difang was gradually abandoned. In addition, the river regulation near the estuary of Danshui River, the subsidence of the strata in Taipei basin, the sand pumping of Danshui River, the invasion of sea water and many other factors led to the formation of a swamp in this area.

In the early swamp area, the main plants were Elymus orientalis and Phragmites australis, which grew on the muddy beach. With a large area of muddy beach, the combination of these landscapes became a good habitat for migratory birds. During the migration season of migratory birds every year, a large number of migratory birds would often be attracted to stop or spend the winter here. It was a very important bird watching area in Northern Taiwan. In order to maintain the abundant waterfowl resources in this area, the Agriculture Committee of the Executive Yuan designated 55 hectares of grassland south of the Guandu dike in June 1986 and announced the establishment of the Guandu Nature Reserve in accordance with the Cultural Assets Preservation Law. After being set up as a nature reserve, this wetland has gone through changes. In a short period of more than 20 years, it has changed from a paddy field to a meadow, and then to a mangrove forest. It has become an important habitat for many estuarine organisms.

geographical position

This area is located in ganzhenli, Zhuwei Town, Tanshui Town, Taipei County, on the North Bank of Tanshui River, about 5 km from the estuary of Tanshui River. It is located along the road from No.2 provincial road to Zhuwei, 1 km north to yinggeqiao, on the west side of the road. It covers an area of 76.10 hectares and belongs to the security forest outside Luodong forest area. The whole area is a marsh area of riverbank sandbank with sediment accumulation from the upstream of Danshui River. Two thirds of the area is immersed in water at high tide, and an obvious channel runs through the area at low tide.

From Taipei to Tanshui, you can walk to the direction of Tanshui River, and then you can see the mangrove forest.

Environment overview

The average annual temperature is 22.2 ℃, the lowest monthly temperature is about 15 ℃, and the highest monthly temperature is about 28.7 ℃. The average annual rainfall is about 2100mm. The altitude is 0-10 meters. There is no obvious dry season. This area is a typical estuarine ecosystem. The shrubbery of shuibizi, one of the mangrove plants, accounts for 53% of the total flora. The other plants can be divided into four types: kulinpan type, reed type, white grass type and salt hamster chestnut type. According to the survey, there are 21 vascular plants in 11 families in this area, most of which are plants in coastal salt land or intertidal zone For example, the top five species, there are Wedelia chinensis, Pearl Orchid, Celastrus angustifolia, apricot, brackish grass, Carassius auratus gall and so on.

This area is located at the confluence of rivers and seas. Due to the rising and falling tides, the mixing of brackish water and the great change of salinity, the shrub like water brush forest intercepts the organic matter or garbage from the upper reaches of the Danshui River, and becomes the food of fish, shrimp and crabs after accumulation and decay. At the same time, it attracts groups of waterfowls to seek food and habitat here. This area is just located on the migration path of birds in Northeast Asia, According to the survey records, there are more than 63 species of birds (including resident birds and migratory birds) in this area. Sandpiper, kingfisher, little egret and night heron are the most common resident birds, while small water duck, medium Curlew, small ringed necked bird, shoresnipe, yellow headed heron and Heron are the most common migratory and transit birds.

The strata in the Guandu Plain are all modern alluvium, while the strata in the nearby mountainous areas are mainly Pleistocene volcanic rocks (tuff breccia) in the north and Miocene sedimentary rocks in the Guizikeng area of Beitou. Jinshan fault passes through the northwest edge of the plain.

The terrain of this area is not undulate, and it is gradually lower from north to southwest, so the surface water flows from north to southwest. The southern half of the dike is swampy with many tidal streams. When the tide is high, most of the grass is submerged, while the mangrove only shows the crown part; when the tide is low, a large area of mudflat appears. After large-scale destruction in 1980 and strict protection, the mangrove area has grown from more than 20 hectares to 40 hectares, becoming the largest and relatively complete pure forest in Taiwan.

Biological resources

This area is a typical estuarine ecosystem composed of water crabs, mudskippers, crabs and waterfowls. About two-thirds of the area of the reserve is submerged by brackish water at high tide. Because the water quality and salinity change periodically, the water brush is the main tree species. Kandelia candel (L.) druce is a kind of evergreen tree in the mangrove family. Its base expands to form plate roots, and its dry base grows many air roots to form supporting roots. It is a viviparous plant with the functions of soil consolidation, moisture-proof and soil protection. The shrubbery is the main tree species in the area, accounting for 40% of the total area. According to the investigation, there are 21 kinds of vascular plants in this area.

Mangrove plants

There is only one kind of water pen, which grows in the wide marshland outside the dike. The associated plants are Phragmites australis, which are mainly distributed in the marsh area outside the dyke and the grass area inside the dyke. In the grass area, there are various grasses. In the green grass area, there are Phragmites australis, Lepidium bicolor, broomcorn, brackish grass and cattail.

As the environment is suitable for biological growth, with abundant fish and invertebrates, it attracts a large number of resident and migratory birds, represented by Sandpiper, kingfisher and egret, with more than 30 species.

birds

From September to may, the winter migratory birds, such as geese and ducks, egrets, Snipes and gulls, come to shelter from the cold. The most species and quantity of crossing birds are sandpipers. The crossing peak is at the end of autumn (September to October) and spring (March to May), which is the most wonderful season for water birds. The birds to be conserved here include magpie, red tailed Shrike, Tang egret, barduck, songbird eagle, red bellied eagle, Crested Goshawk, grey faced eagle, eagle, eagle, crested eagle, osprey, ring necked pheasant, pheasant, colored snipe, Black Tern, little tern, white browed tern, grey tern, painted eyebrow, spoonbill, black faced Spoonbill, Falcon and knotty snipe. And the common birds are yellow footed snipe, field snipe, Red Headed Gull, heron, egret, night heron, yellow headed heron, mallard, flower billed Duck, small water duck, red crested chicken, red dove, zebra, swallow and so on.

crabs

In the intertidal zone on the Bank of the dyke, the distribution of crabs on the arc side is the most.

fish

After crossing the bridge, we can see the traces of mudskipper and huatiao.

Conservation status

As one of the world-famous Viviparous Plants of mangrove family, the pure forest area of brushwood in this area is vast, which is the largest area in the world in the northernmost boundary of brushwood distribution. The mangrove at the intersection of river and sea has the functions of soil fixation and moisture-proof The typical estuarine ecosystem composed of crabs, mudskippers, crabs and waterfowls in this area is a precious resource for ecological education and scientific research. Therefore, in 1985, it was listed as "Baoan forest" by the central government and protected in accordance with the administrative measures of Baoan forest. In 1986, it was announced as a nature reserve by the Council of agriculture in accordance with the law of culture and resources to provide more strict legal protection.

At present, the ecological damage factors in this area include the adjacent private land landowners often cross the boundary, dumping waste soil and garbage, piles of garbage that can not be decomposed from the upstream of Danshui River, and the nearby residents often enter the net to catch crabs, etc. the interference caused by the MRT fresh water line passing through this area is also a potential threat in the future. In view of the above possible situations, the Bureau has completed the installation of slope protection fences to clearly distinguish the boundary between the district and private land, and regularly sent personnel to inspect the whole district to prevent illegal incidents. However, it is still necessary to strengthen communication with local residents and get the understanding and understanding of all citizens through ecological education interpretation At present, a mangrove ecological conservation center is actively planned in the corner of the MRT mangrove station, and the mangrove ecological tour activities for parents and children, primary and secondary school teachers and students are conducted at least three times a year. It is hoped that all citizens will care about this precious natural environment and actively participate in the conservation work.

District

Chinese PinYin : Dan Shui He Hong Shu Lin Zi Ran Bao Liu Qu