Hanyang Mausoleum Museum

Hanyangling museum is a comprehensive museum with a unique shape built with a sunken structure. It is also the largest museum in China. Among them, nanquemen site protection exhibition hall, the imperial mausoleum outer cangkeng site protection exhibition hall, archaeological exhibition hall and ancestral temple site are excellent exhibition halls. Nanque gate (also known as Zhuque gate) is the South Gate of the four gates of the Imperial Mausoleum City. It is composed of two groups of symmetrical and connected sanchuque buildings. It is the earliest, highest level and largest architectural site of the imperial mausoleum. The Protection Exhibition Hall of the outer pit of the emperor's mausoleum is the first underground site museum built with the most advanced cultural relics protection technology in the world. Here you can learn about the archaeological excavation of cultural relics and experience the rich palace life of the emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. Zongmiao site is a double corridor structure building with the shape of "Hui" on the plane, which is the most complete tomb Temple site preserved at present.

Yangling Museum of emperor Jingdi of Han Dynasty

synonym

Hanyangling Museum generally refers to hanjingdi Yangling Museum

Hanyangling Museum, located on the Bank of Weihe River in the northern suburb of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is built on the Yangling mausoleum where the king and queen of the Western Han Dynasty were buried together in different caves. It is a large-scale cultural tourist attraction that skillfully integrates modern science and technology with ancient civilization, historical culture and landscape. It is the largest museum in China. After more than 30 years of archaeological exploration and excavation, it has been proved that the Han Yangling mausoleum is mainly composed of imperial mausoleum, houling mausoleum, south area from the burial pit, north area from the burial pit, ritual architecture, accompanying cemetery, prisoner cemetery and Yangling city.

In February 2020, it was learned from Xi'an culture and Tourism Bureau that Hanyangling museum will be open to medical workers from the date of its restoration to December 31, 2020.

Introduction to the library

Hanyangling museum is a modern comprehensive museum with unique architectural style, exquisite decoration and advanced display means. The sunken structure fully protects the overall environment of the cemetery. In the exhibition room of 1600 square meters, 1800 pieces of cultural relics unearthed in recent years are displayed. Yangling mausoleum is a joint cemetery of emperor Liu Qi and his Empress Wang. It is located in Zhangjiawan, Zhengyang Town, Weicheng District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, and on the Xianyang plain north of Hougou village. It spans Weicheng District, Jingyang County and Gaoling County of Xianyang city.

Since May 1990, Shaanxi Provincial Institute of archaeology has carried out a large-scale investigation, mapping, drilling, excavation and Research on the Yangling Mausoleum of emperor Jingdi of Han Dynasty, and has made many remarkable excavation and research achievements. Yangling mausoleum is irregular gourd shaped, nearly 6 kilometers long from east to west, 1 to 3 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of about 12 square kilometers. It consists of emperor's mausoleum, Hou's mausoleum, southern and Northern burial pits, prisoner's cemetery, Mausoleum temple and other ritual buildings, accompanying cemetery and Yangling town. To the east of the western part of the mausoleum block, it is located in the west of the central part of the mausoleum; the rear mausoleum, the south area from the burial pit, the north area from the burial pit, and the No.1 building site are equidistant distributed in the four corners of the mausoleum; the Imperial concubine burial area and the Luojingshi site are located in the north and south sides of the mausoleum, symmetrical; the criminal cemetery and three building sites are in the west side of the mausoleum, arranged in the north and South; the burial cemetery is distributed in the east side of the mausoleum in simadao On both sides, Yangling town is set at the east end of the cemetery. The whole mausoleum is centered on the imperial mausoleum, with four corners arched, north-south symmetry, east-west connection, regular layout and strict structure, which shows the imperial sense of self-respect and strict hierarchy concept.

It is the first time in the archaeology of the eleven mausoleums of the Western Han Dynasty that the emperor Yangling and the houling are in the shape of "Ya". This discovery has basically solved the long-standing controversy about whether the Han mausoleum faces the South or the East, denied the argument that the Han mausoleum was arranged according to the Zhaomu system, and solved a major problem in the study of the Han mausoleum system.

The discovery and trial excavation of 86 burial pits in the imperial cemetery put forward new topics for the field investigation, drilling and excavation of the Han mausoleum, and opened up a new vision for the study of the imperial mausoleum system. The distribution of these funerary pits and the placement of accompanying objects in the pits were undoubtedly related to the system of the court at that time. Therefore, the excavation and study of these funerary pits are of great value to the study of the court system, the emperor's life and the accompanying custom of the Han Dynasty.

Nanmenque is the earliest, highest level, largest and best preserved sanchuque site excavated at present. Its excavation plays an important role in the origin and development of menque, the formation and influence of menque system, and the study of ancient Chinese architectural history. In addition, the earliest brick Weiqi board, pottery ridged beast and the largest tile unearthed at nanquemen site.

Located in the southeast of the imperial mausoleum, south of the houling mausoleum and northwest of the imperial mausoleum, the southern area of the tomb covers an area of 96000 square meters. From 1990 to 1997, 14 pits in the Southern District were excavated in part or in whole. In these pits, there are densely arranged terracotta warriors, warehouses for storing grain, pottery animals such as cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs and chickens, and groups of pottery, iron and copper utensils. The military scenes of the Han Dynasty are fully displayed, which may be related to the "Southern Army" and "northern army" in the Western Han Dynasty.

The Luojingshi site is located in the southeast of the imperial mausoleum. The terrain here is uplifted with gentle slope appearance. According to archaeological drilling, the site is nearly square in plane, about 260 meters in length, surrounded by ditches. At the top of the central part of the site is a huge square stone, which is called "compass stone" by local people. It is measured to be in the north-south direction. According to the research, it may be used to calibrate the level, measure the height and mark the azimuth when building the Yangling mausoleum. It is the earliest survey mark stone found in the world at present. The high-lying, regular and large-scale building site should be one of the most important ritual buildings in Yangling cemetery.

The cemetery is about 1.5 km northwest of the imperial mausoleum, covering an area of 80000 square meters. It was discovered in the early 1970s. It is estimated that more than 10000 prisoners were buried here. Among them, 29 tombs were excavated in 72 years, and 35 human skeletons were found. The arrangement of the tombs was disordered, the bones were disordered, the bodies were tied to each other, the burial was hasty, and there were no accompanying objects. Most of the skeletons were worn with "forceps", "seats" and other kinds of iron instruments of torture, and some had obvious traces of chopping.

The cemetery park starts about 1100 meters to the east of the imperial mausoleum in the West and ends at the tableland of mijiaya village, majiawan Township in the East. It is 2350 meters long and covers an area of 3.5 square kilometers. The whole tomb area was divided into several squares by the trench and became a cemetery. These cemeteries were arranged in rows from east to west, north to South and distributed in a chessboard shape.

Collection works

Exhibition hall of nanquemen site protection

Nanque gate is the South Gate of the four gates of the Imperial Mausoleum City, also known as Zhuque gate. It is composed of two groups of symmetrical and connected sanchu que buildings. It is the earliest, highest level and largest architectural site of the imperial mausoleum.

The appearance of nanquemen site protection exhibition hall is an imitation of Han style quemen building, which not only completely protects the existing site, but also shows the magnificent and tall style of sanchu quemen high platform building enjoyed by the emperors of Han Dynasty to tourists. At the same time, in the exhibition hall of nearly 2000 square meters, it systematically introduces the development and evolution history of Chinese quemen buildings in past dynasties.

Exhibition hall of waicangkeng site protection

Waicangkeng is an important part of the imperial mausoleum. There are 81 pits around the imperial mausoleum. The exhibition hall for the protection of the outer pits of the imperial mausoleum is an all underground building built on 10 outer pits in the northeast of the imperial mausoleum. It is the first all underground Heritage Museum built with the most advanced cultural relic protection technology in the world.

The museum is divided into two distinct temperature and humidity environments by hollow coated electric heating glass curtain wall and passageway. On the premise of maximum scientific protection of cultural relics, visitors can enjoy a large number of cultural relics from close range and multiple angles in a mysterious environment, appreciate world-class cultural relics protection technology and Exhibition methods, and understand the archaeological excavation and development of cultural relics Protection and utilization of the latest achievements. In addition, the most advanced film and television imaging technology in the world is used to demonstrate the phantom imaging program of the real historical events of that year, so that tourists can experience the rich and colorful life of the Western Han Emperor's palace through time and space.

Archaeological Museum

The archaeological exhibition hall is a comprehensive exhibition hall with unique architectural style and novel display means. The unique exterior structure creates a scene of ruins caused by two thousand years of history, which is in harmony with the ancient and simple historical environment of the cemetery as a whole.

In the exhibition hall on the upper and lower floors, there are more than 1700 pieces of cultural relics unearthed in more than 30 years of archaeological excavation, which are gorgeous.

Exhibitions and collections

Painted terracotta figures with plastic clothes

The male terracotta figure is 63 cm high. Judging from the damaged marks on the top of the head and the ribbons on the cheeks hanging down to the jaw, the figurine should have worn a crown on the head. As for the style of the crown, due to the damage when it was unearthed, it is impossible to verify. The hair style of the terracotta figures is the middle part of the forehead, which is then pulled from the back of the head to the bottom of the crown and combed into a bun. From the inside to the outside, the terracotta figures are dressed in three layers of right lapel and curved train. The outermost layer is white, and the collar, cuff and skirt are all decorated with red brocade. Square shoes on both feet. The terracotta figurines have a full heaven, a round face, delicate eyebrows, whiskers on their lips, and close their lips. They are quiet, leisurely and respectful.

Painted figurines with plastic clothes

The terracotta woman sitting on the ground is 4 meters high

Chinese PinYin : Han Yang Ling Bo Wu Guan