Songshan scenic spot

Songshan Shaolin scenic spot

synonym

Songshan scenic spot generally refers to Songshan Shaolin scenic spot

Songshan Shaolin scenic spot is located in Dengfeng City, Henan Province. Songshan Mountain is composed of Taishi mountain (1494 meters above sea level) and Shaoshi mountain (1512 meters above sea level). Located between Bian and Luo, the ancient capital of China, it has been a gathering place of literati since ancient times. Emperors and generals, literati, eminent monks, martial arts, heroes and chivalrous men of all ages have left a large number of places of interest, such as the Shaolin temple built in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the large-scale Zhongyue temple, Songyang academy, one of China's four major academies, and the two "general cypresses" in the Academy, as well as the oldest existing Songyue Temple Pagoda, Taishi, Shaoshi, Shigong Qimu Sanhan Que and ancient astronomical observatory. On August 17, 2007, Songshan Shaolin scenic spot was selected as one of the first batch of national 5A scenic spots.

From September 20, 2018, the ticket price of Songshan Shaolin Temple scenic spot has been reduced from 100 yuan / person time to 80 yuan / person time.

Development history

Songshan Shaolin Temple was founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495 AD). Emperor Xiaowen built Shaolin Temple at the northern foot of Shaoshi mountain in Songshan in order to settle his respected Indian monk Batuo. Batuoshou has two great disciples, one is Huiguang, a great master of law, the other is Seng Chou, known as "east of Congling mountain, the best of Zen."

In the first year of Yongping (506 AD), Indian eminent monks lenamati and Bodhi Liuzhi successively came to Shaolin Temple to open up a translation field. After the relic pagoda of the West platform of Shaolin Temple, they built the Fanjing hall, which was translated by Huiguang. They translated the ten land sutras by the Indian Bodhisattva, and completed it after three years. After the publication of Shi Di Jing Lun, Huiguang carried forward the master's theory in Shaolin Temple, including the four division law. Huiguang's disciples mainly include Dharma, Daoping, Lingyan, Daoyun, Daohui, Lingyin, etc. The establishment of sifen started from Huiguang. Si Fen is inherited orderly in Shaolin Temple. In the early stage of Shaolin's jurisprudence, sifen was taken as the first, the forerunner of which was the discipline and the jurisprudence, and then the classics. Shaolin disciples have made great progress along this double track. By the early Tang Dynasty, the foundation had been firmly established, and it was natural for the law school to be established.

Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty worshipped Buddhism and granted Shaolin Temple 100 hectares of land in the kaihuang period (581-600). In the early Sui Dynasty, due to the emperor's reward, Shaolin Temple became a large temple with many farmland and huge temple products.

At the end of the Sui Dynasty (618), the imperial court lost its power, and the world was in chaos. Shaolin Temple, which had a huge temple property, became the target of mountain bandits. "The monks refused, and the pagoda was burned.". In order to protect the temple property, the monks of Shaolin Temple organized armed forces to fight against the mountain bandits, and Shaolin Kung Fu was initially formed as the armed force of Shaolin Temple.

In the second year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (619), Sui General Wang Shichong called himself Emperor in Luoyang, known as "Zheng State". Wang Ren, his nephew, occupied baihuwu, a place of Shaolin Temple, and built Yuanzhou city.

In the fourth year of Wude (621), thirteen monks, including tanzong of Shaolin Temple, captured Wang Renze, captured Yuanzhou City, and surrendered to Qin King Li Shimin. Three days later, Li Shimin sent a special envoy to Shaolin Temple to express his comfort. All the monks who took part in the war were rewarded. Tanzong was also granted the title of general monk and 40 hectares of land to baihuwu in Shaolin Temple. Shaolin Temple is famous for its bravery. It's a common practice for Shaolin monks to practice martial arts, which has been handed down from generation to generation.

In the Tang Dynasty, Shaolin Temple was an important Zen town at that time. In the first year of Tang Hongdao (683), an important leader of Dharma sect, Buddhist master Faru, was stationed in xishaolin temple. Six years later, he passed away in Shaolin Temple. At that time, famous Zen masters such as Hui'an, Yuan Yu, Lingyun and Tongguang were all stationed in Shaolin Temple. Master Xuanzang (600-664), a famous monk of the same generation, once made two requests for Buddhist Scripture Translation in Shaolin Temple, but he was not allowed to do so.

In the fourth year of Chang'an in Tang Dynasty (704 AD), Yijing returned home from India and went to Shaolin Temple to build a martial altar, which originated from Shaolin Temple's long tradition of jurisprudence.

Huizhao (774-850), a monk of the state of Silla, went to Shaolin Temple to practice Buddhism for many years in the fifth year of Yuanhe (810). He returned to build Yuquan temple in 830 ad. after his death, he was given the posthumous title of "Zhenjian Guoshi". With the prosperity of the Zen sect founded by Dharma and becoming the largest sect of Buddhism in China, especially in the Song Dynasty (10th century), Shaolin Temple began to become the pilgrimage site of the Zen sect. In memory of Dharma, the Chuzu nunnery was built in the place where Dharma once preached Buddhism in the back mountain of Shaolin Temple, and a tall "tower facing the wall" was built.

In the Yuan Dynasty after the establishment of the Mongols, there were many famous monks in Shaolin Temple, which was the second glorious period of Shaolin. Shaolin Temple is the ancestral court of Zen. Cao Dong's patriarchal system is back to the ancestral court. There are many talented people and many eminent monks, which opened the most glorious era of Shaolin Temple and became the axis of Chinese Zen sect in this period. In the middle of Yuan Dynasty, a group of Japanese monks represented by Shao Yuan went to Shaolin Temple to seek Dharma, which became a good story in the history of Sino Japanese cultural exchange. During the period of Abbot of Shaolin Temple, master Fuyu of Xueting also established the patriarchal system of Shaolin Temple, which made the monks of Shaolin Temple regard Shaolin Temple as their home. It became an important foundation for the rise of Shaolin Kung Fu level and the formation of its system and school in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).

The Ming Dynasty was founded in the war of Han people against Mongols. Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty of the cold weapon era, the folk practice of martial arts prevailed. This is the environment for the improvement of Shaolin Kung Fu and the formation of its system and school. The Ming Dynasty nearly 300 years, is the Shaolin martial arts level development period. At least six times, the monks of Shaolin Temple were recruited by the imperial court to participate in the official war activities. They made many meritorious deeds and received many awards from the imperial court. They also built a hall in the tree stele and square of Shaolin Temple. Shaolin Kung Fu has also been tested in the actual combat, and Shaolin Kung Fu has a great reputation. Therefore, Shaolin Kung Fu has established its authoritative position in the national martial arts circle. Shaolin Kung Fu has a far-reaching influence on the origin and development of Wushu in Shaolin Temple's fighting areas (Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan, etc.) and Youfang areas (Funiu Mountain in Henan, Emei Mountain in Sichuan, Jizu mountain in Yunnan, etc.). The martial arts skills of Shaolin Kung Fu have also reached an unprecedented level, which has been widely recognized by peers and the whole society. At the same time, the theory of Shaolin Kung Fu has developed unprecedentedly, and the number of works is too numerous to be counted. Among them, there are four important martial arts works that have been handed down to the present day: Meng Lu Tang's gunshot by Hongzhuan in the Ming Dynasty, Shaolin's cudgel technique elucidation by zongyou in the Ming Dynasty, arm record by Wu Shu in the Qing Dynasty and Quan Jing Quan technique by Kong Zhao in the Qing Dynasty.

According to Wang Shixing's song travels in the ninth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1581), the monks of Shaolin Temple reached the scale of "more than 800 monks". According to the patriarchal system of Shaolin Temple, except the Deacon monks who are often hospitalized in Shaolin Temple, other monks are scattered in each patriarchal system. The basic principle of Buddhist organization is the system of traveling party, and its core content is open, that is, the freedom of monks to enter and leave. However, within the patriarchal clan structure of Shaolin Temple, the relationship between monks and their teachers is relatively single and stable. They should strictly abide by the patriarchal clan inheritance system. Except for special reasons, monks do not move frequently. The patriarchal system of Shaolin Temple is open and stable, which plays a very important role in the development and inheritance of Shaolin Kung Fu, especially in the formation of Shaolin Kung Fu system and sects.

After the Manchu Dynasty entered the pass and established its political power, the scale of Shaolin monks was gradually reduced due to the war. The Qing government attached great importance to Shaolin Temple. In the 13th year of Yongzheng (1735), the emperor personally read the planning plan of the temple, approved the plan, rebuilt the mountain gate, and rebuilt the thousand Buddha Hall. In 1750, Emperor Qianlong visited Shaolin Temple, stayed in the Abbot's room at night, and wrote poems and steles. The monks of Shaolin Temple practice meditation as usual during the day. At night, they insist on practicing martial arts in the Qianfo hall, the most hidden back hall of Shaolin Temple. As a result, the ground of the main hall has become a pit due to long-term practice, and remains still exist today. According to the murals and documents of the white hall in the Qing Dynasty, Shaolin Kung Fu has maintained a high level since the Qing Dynasty.

During the period of the Republic of China (1911-1949), Shaolin Temple suffered a major man-made fire. In 1928, the warlords' scuffle brought disaster to the Shaolin Temple, the main hall, the attic of Sutra collection and other important buildings and collections, which were burned down and suffered heavy losses.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, especially since the new religious policy was promulgated by the government in the 1980s, Shaolin Temple has inherited and carried forward its unique fine tradition with the opening-up policy of the country and the arrival of the global multicultural era. We will carry out extensive cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. In order to publicize Shaolin culture all over the world, and in view of people's love for Shaolin Kung Fu, Shaolin Temple has set up Shaolin martial monks' group to perform for people from all over the world. It has won the love of people all over the world and has been widely appreciated.

Today, Shaolin disciples have spread all over the world. Shaolin culture has been recognized by more and more nationalities in the world and has become a link of friendship between the people of the world. In the eyes of people who love Chinese culture all over the world, Shaolin culture has become not only the representative of Chinese martial arts, but also the unique image of Chinese Buddhist Zen culture, and also one of the symbols of Chinese traditional culture.

geographical environment

geographical position

Shaolin Temple is located at the West foot of Songshan Mountain, 13 kilometers northwest of Dengfeng City, Henan Province, with latitude of n34 ° 30 ′ 27.71 ″ N and longitude of E112 ° 56 ′ 10.39 ″ e. it is backed by wuru peak, surrounded by mountains, connected with peaks and well arranged, forming the natural barrier of Shaolin Temple. Mount Song is Taishi mountain in the East and Shaoshi mountain in the west, each with 36 peaks,

Chinese PinYin : Song Shan Feng Jing Qu