Li du Temple

Li du Temple

Li Du ancestral hall in Yuquan temple is the ancestral hall commemorating Li Bai and Du Fu, the great poets of Tang Dynasty. It is also a joint ancestral hall of rare poets and sages in China. The site of the ancestral temple is located on the flat ground at the top of the stele Gallery of Yuquan temple. The site is still occupied by the army, covering an area of about 300-500 square meters. This area is different from the Taoist cultural area. It is mainly composed of six architectural complexes, including Lidu ancestral temple, Bala ancestral temple (also known as Beilang), Jingguan Pavilion and Xuansheng Pavilion. According to the records of the stele, the main building of Lidu ancestral temple was built in the middle of Ming Dynasty (i.e. Jiajing 1550), and Zhao Mengfu built it in the middle of Ming Dynasty (i.e. Jiajing 1550) After being carved, the steles of "Er Miao Xuan" were successively stored in this area, and accompanied by the poems and chants of celebrities in the past dynasties. Although most of the buildings of Li Du ancestral hall have been destroyed by earthquakes or military disasters, the cultural spirit with the most humanistic temperament in Tianshui City has never been diminished.

Building distribution

Architectural distribution of the first area of Li du Temple in Yuquan Temple

First, the core building, Li Du temple, is located in the South and north of xuanshengting cliff. It was built in Jiajing middle of Ming Dynasty, where Li Bai and Du Fu are worshipped. On the side of the temple, there is "Da Ya Tang". In the walls of the temple, there are four stone steles of Zhao Mengfu's cursive calligraphy and the steles of Song Wan's collection of Du's poems and "Er Wang" carved into "Er Miao Xuan". Li du Temple experienced three major renovations in the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656 AD), the 4th year of Qianlong (1739 AD) and the 10th year of tongzhi (1871 AD). It is a landmark building in yuquanguan cultural area and the place where most poems have been chanted since Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Second, Zhuge Wuhou and Han Wei Gongci are located next to Li Du temple, facing the east from the West. It can't be verified when they were first built. However, in terms of their location, they are in the main temple, worshiping Zhuge Liang and Han Qi (the famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty). In terms of their political status, they are indisputable in the main temple, but they are not as good as Li Du and Han Qi in terms of their cultural status.

The third is Mingxian temple, which is located in the north of Wuhou Temple and faces south. It was built in the fourth year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1739 A.D.) and worships famous officials Gao Bida, Song Wan, Jiang Guangyin and muguo statue in Qinzhou of Ming Dynasty.

The fourth is the bala Temple (also known as the North corridor), which is located at the edge of the cliff and faces the East and the West. It was originally the ancestral hall of Guodong, the magistrate of Qinzhou in the 29th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1764 AD). The inner hall contains the statues of Bala, Mei Zhenzi and Ge Zhichuan.

The fifth is the Jingguan Pavilion, which is located in the west of the ancestral hall of marquis Wu of Zhuge and of Han and Wei. It was first built in an unknown time. It was rebuilt by Qi Jiashi, governor of Qinzhou in 1790.

Sixthly, Xuansheng Pavilion (also known as Siming Pavilion) is located at the foot of cliff. It was built in 1682, the 21st year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty. It is also the only remaining building in Lidu temple cultural area. After three times of renovation in 1790, 1903 and 1981, there is a national treasure level cultural relic named "simian Daoliu stele".

From the above layout of the building complex, namely the people worshipped inside, the first area of Li Du temple covers a series of important cultural elements, such as Tianshui Three Kingdoms culture, Li Bai's hometown, Du Fu's residence in Qinzhou, Han Qi's garrison in the border and so on. It is not too much to call it "cultural center". Secondly, in terms of the value of the existing steles, the cultural steles with Zhao Mengfu's cursive steles and "Ermiao" Xuan steles as the main body can be stored in Lidu temple at the same time, which shows the special status of Lidu Temple Cultural Area in Yuquan temple.

Zhao Mengfu's stele is composed of four parts. The first part is Tang Libai's "night down to the Lu Pavilion", with Liu Lun's postscript engraved on the edge. The second part is Tang Wei Yingwu's "Xisaishan". The third part does not know the author. The fourth part is song Wang Anshi's "tifangzi". This stele is composed of cursive characters with round and majestic style, which is rare in China.

Another treasure of Lidu temple, the ermiaoxuan stele, was carved in 1656 A.D. when Song Wan, a famous poet in the early Qing Dynasty and then a Qianshi of Qinzhou, rebuilt the Lidu temple in yuquanguan after the earthquake, he took the poems of Dufu living in Qinzhou, collected the calligraphy of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, and engraved 34 pieces of famous stones on the base wall of the pavilion beside Lidu temple for tourists to enjoy. These stone tablets with humanistic flavor have become one of the most vigorous highlights in the Li Du ancestral hall cultural area of yuquanguan since they were carved. However, this bright spot only existed for a hundred years, but it was lost due to natural and man-made disasters. Fortunately, its rubbings survived, and it was later re engraved with steles and then moved to build Nanguo temple. In addition, there are three stone tablets in this area, such as Ding Huazhang's 14 chapter stone tablet in Shunzhi year of Qing Dynasty, Tang Qichang's stone tablet in Kangxi year, and their cultural value is also very high.

Cultural relics

Although the buildings of Li du Temple are lost in history, the poems about Li Du temple cultural area are still colorful and have a long history.

"Poetry promotes the literary mind, two parts of mountain scenery and three parts of water; Bachelor of engineering, five Dou, fame and eight Dou talents."

This is the couplet of Li Du temple. Hu zuanzong, a scholar of Qinzhou in the Ming Dynasty, laments his cultural mind by "following the tongyuanbai in this day, and leaning on the tower alone after the poem is finished"; Bai Shiqing, a Jinshi of Qinzhou in the Ming Dynasty, expresses his admiration for the immortal poet by "cherishing the sages, not all the whale riders, but crossing the crane stream in the spare time", Yang En, a Jinshi of Qinzhou in the Ming Dynasty, takes Li Du temple as the title, remembering the life of two sages who wasted their legendary life. The poem says "let the heaven flow and the earth flow, and let the relics of the two sages stay in the present and the ancient After worshipping the petals of incense, looking back, I can see the boundless feelings of mountains and rivers. " Let's start and end. In 1647 A.D., the Jinshi Rosen paid a visit to Li Du temple and issued the following message: "the police are invincible, and the Daya are not alone." Tang Qichang, the governor of Qinzhou in Kangxi, Guodong, the governor of Qinzhou in 1764, and Gangu wangquan in Daoguang paid homage to Li du Temple in yuquanguan, leaving more than 20 poems and couplets, especially Ren Qichang and his son Ren Chengyun in the late Qing Dynasty, These poems have become an important part of Zhili Qinzhou annals, art and literature, and also become the highlight of Qinzhou culture at that time. Up to now, although the site of Li Du temple has been buried in the weeds, the legacy of this remains has not disappeared. Some famous experts and scholars at home and abroad have never stopped visiting the pen club activities of Tianshui poetry society, Li Zhengdao, Lou Shibai, Feng Qiyong, Han Suyin, Feng mu, Luo Zhewen and other contemporary celebrities have left their precious poems or ink treasures under the influence of this culture.

Address: East Bank of Furong River, Youxian District, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 104.76900401842

Latitude: 31.470485634561

Chinese PinYin : Li Du Ci