Tombs of Xiaowangzhuang

Tombs of Xiaowangzhuang

Located in the south of xiaowangxu village, the northern suburb of Jining City, Shandong Province, the tombs of Xiaowangzhuang are the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units and the tombs of renchengguo king and his spouse in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There were nine earthen tombs in the tombs. Due to years of wind and rain erosion and man-made destruction, only four earthen tombs were left on the ground, and the rest were razed to the ground.

In 1992, Jining Municipal Bureau of cultural relics excavated and restored the No. 1 Han tomb among the tombs. Nearly 800 stone inscriptions of Han Dynasty were found in the tomb, which is the most important discovery of Han Dynasty stone inscriptions known in China so far. Approved by the people's Government of Shandong Province in December 1977, it was announced as the first batch of provincial cultural relics protection units. Approved by the State Council, 2006 was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Mausoleum distribution

There are 9 tombs in the tombs, which are listed in different places. According to "Jining county annals Volume I territory brief", jiunvdui is located at Wuli in the north of the county, where jiudui, seven in the West and two in the East, are facing each other in different directions, or they may kiss each other in the direction and distance that Tan Daoji built. At present, there are six seats with exact location.

Tomb No. 1 is located in the north of Jining infectious disease hospital, with a diameter of 50 meters and a height of 10 meters; Tomb No. 2 is about 600 meters southeast of Xiaowangzhuang village, which was damaged, but now only remains. Tomb No. 3 is located in the southeast corner of the village. It is now in the courtyard of an air force radar unit, with a height of about 6 meters and a bottom diameter of 40 meters. When the garrison installed machinery and facilities on it in 1970, some of the tombs were damaged, and a number of bronzes and jades were unearthed. The white jade figurines (four) collected in Jining City Museum are the objects of tomb No. 3. Tomb No. 4 is located in Jining City It is about 400 meters south of the village, with a height of 6 meters and a bottom diameter of 40 meters. Tomb No. 5 is located in the southeast corner of infectious diseases. Tomb No. 6 is near the "peace room" of the hospital. No. 5 and No. 6 have been sealed and leveled to the ground. The location of the other three tombs in the early years is unknown.

geographical position

Detailed introduction

Due to the serious damage of tomb No.1, Jining Municipal Bureau of cultural relics excavated it from 1992 to 1994. After that, it was repaired and protected and opened on the spot. In the north and south of the burial seat, there is a brick room with a top. The tomb chamber is composed of the passage, ear chamber, corridor, front chamber, back chamber, corridor and stone wall. The passage of the tomb is in the south of the chamber, with one ear room on each side of the East and west of the rear, which is the kitchen and stable storehouse of "external collection". The entrance of the tomb is blocked by two walls, and the corridor inside the entrance leads to the front room. The front room is a horizontal rectangular hall, and the back room is a square one, with a large coffin bed in it. The cloister is surrounded by the front and back rooms, symbolizing the "convenient room". On the outside of the cloister is a stone wall, symbolizing "Huang Chang Ti CuO". Its shape and structure basically conform to the burial system of emperors and princes in Han Dynasty. The whole brick room is surrounded by a huge stone house. The architecture is quite characteristic and exquisite.

Tomb No. 1 was stolen in the early years, and 187 pieces of cultural relics were unearthed, of which 3 jade objects are first-class cultural relics. The most important archaeological discovery of the tomb is that there are a lot of inscriptions on the stones in the tomb chamber. There are 782 visible inscriptions on the inside of the tomb, which is the only archaeological data of Han Tombs in China. According to the analysis of the tomb's shape, the features of the unearthed objects and the place names of the inscriptions, the tomb was in the early Eastern Han Dynasty, and the owner of the tomb was probably Liu Shang, the king of filial piety, who was the first king of Rencheng state in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Shang was the second son of Liu Cang, the constitutional king of Dongping, and the grandson of Guangwu emperor Liu Xiu. He was granted the title of emperor Zhang in the first year of Yuanhe (84), Hongyu in the 13th year of Yongyuan (101), and reigned for 18 years.

The tombs are well distributed and well preserved tombs of the princes of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The excavated tomb No.1 has a large scale, unique structure and numerous inscriptions. It is a rare stone inscription Tomb of the princes of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. It is also a Han tomb with the most stone inscriptions unearthed in China. It has high historical, scientific and artistic value.

Cultural relics protection

On October 24, 2011, the national key cultural relics protection units chongjue temple, Dongda temple and Xiaowangzhuang tombs protection planning report meeting was held in Jining Museum, Shandong Province. This paper introduces in detail the social value, current situation analysis, protection measures planning, exhibition and utilization planning, protection zoning and management regulations of the three national key cultural relics protection units.

Address: South of Xiaowangzhuang village, north suburb of Shizhong District, Jining City, Shandong Province

Longitude: 116.596614

Latitude: 35.40819

Chinese PinYin : Xiao Wang Zhuang Mu Qun