xiong'er mountain

xiong'er mountain

Xiong'er mountain, one of the larger mountains in the eastern part of Qinling Mountains, is located at the boundary between the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin. From Lushi County in the west of Xionger County, it stretches northeast to Yichuan County and turns East. It is adjacent to Funiu Mountain System in the South and Gushan Mountain in the north. The main peak Quanbao mountain (in Luoning County) is 2103.2 meters above sea level, Huaguo Mountain (in Yiyang County) is 1831.8 meters above sea level, and Yingzui mountain (in Song County) is 1859.6 meters above sea level.

Xiong'er mountain is located in the south of the warm temperate zone and is also affected by the north subtropical climate. It has a wide variety of animals and plants and a good ecological environment. It is recorded in shuijingzhu that Xiong'ershan has "two peaks competing for beauty, looking at the well and inscribing his ears". In Shangshu Yugong, there is "daoluo from Xiong'er", which is named Xiong'ershan. It has been a Taoist Holy Land and a famous mountain in the Central Plains since ancient times.

Location context

XIONGERSHAN mountain is one of the larger branches in the eastern part of Qinling Mountains. It is located in the southeast of Xiaoshan mountain and distributed between Luohe River and Yihe River. The mountain ranges generally extend from northeast to southwest, and the southwest end is connected with Funiu Mountain. There is no obvious boundary between them. It extends to the northeast to Longmen West Mountain, with a total length of about 150 km.

The Xionger mountains are roughly bounded by muchaiguan and can be divided into southwest and northeast sections. The southwest part of the mountain range is wide, about 150 km wide from Lushi to Luanchuan, and gradually narrowed to the northeast. The southeastern part of the mountain is high and steep, mostly of the type of middle mountain, with an altitude of 1500-2000 meters or more, and a relative height of 1200 meters or more. In particular, the main ridge of Xiong'er mountain, which is the main watershed between Yi River and Luo river, often protrudes in a zigzag shape, with an altitude of more than 1800 meters. Among them, Xiangjun mountain is 1859 meters above sea level, Quanbao mountain, the main peak of Xionger mountain, is 2094.3 meters above sea level, ligangzhai mountain is 1975.4 meters above sea level, Yingzui mountain is 1859.6 meters above sea level, etc. Quanbaoshan and ligangzhai stand east and West, which are the two peaks competing like bear's ears.

Geology and geomorphology

Xiong'er mountain is mainly composed of Archean and Proterozoic metamorphic rocks, Sinian siliceous limestone and Yanshanian granite. The slope gradient of the hillside is 25-35 ° in the south, 35-40 ° in the north, and over 80 ° in some parts. It is mainly a cliff formed by faults. Ridge ridge is serrated, some for pig back ridge. It is one of the main timber production bases in mountainous area of Henan Province.

Rivers originating in mountainous areas diverge to the northwest and Southeast. A parallel water system is formed. The two sides of the main ridge are cut into a series of transverse mountains by these tributaries. The ridge is also very narrow and steep. There are many steep peaks, with an altitude of 300-1600 meters. The valley is deeply cut, and most of them are V-shaped canyons. The mountains are very steep.

In the northeast part of muchaiguan, the mountain is gradually low, generally low mountain type, and widely distributed with hills. Among them, the low mountains are concentrated in the northwest of this section, some of which are more than 1000 meters high. For example, the elevation of Zhaibei mountain in the northeast of muchaiguan is 1113.7 meters high, and most of the low mountains are 600-900 meters high. For example, the elevation of Heishan is 833.4 meters high, Xiyan mountain is 864 meters high, Banpo mountain is 810.8 meters high, and xilaoyangpo mountain is 649.1 meters high. In the East and west of this section, there are undulating and gentle hills widely distributed. Between the northeast end of Xiong'er mountains and the East and West Longmen Mountains, the Yi River cuts through the mountains to form a canyon Longmen, with steep walls, deep valleys, beautiful mountains and waters, and beautiful scenery. In addition, temples and caves were built from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty, which is a famous tourist attraction.

Introduction to scenic spots

Lushi XIONGERSHAN scenic spot

Xionger mountain scenic spot is located in Hengjian Township, Lushi County, Henan Province. It is 30 kilometers away from the county seat and 10 kilometers away from Tanghe hot spring. The main peak of Xionger mountain is 1569 meters above sea level. Xionger mountain scenic spot not only has beautiful landscapes, but also has rich cultural connotation. It is positioned as "famous mountain in Central China, holy land of Taoist culture". The landscape of Xiong'er mountain is full of atmosphere, elegance and aura. From the top of the mountain, there are many mountains in the distance. The mountains are facing the main peak of Xiong'er mountain. It can be said that "all the mountains are small at a glance". You can see the green dragon walls nearby, and the wings are flying around. It looks like the five dragons holding the saints. Xiong'er mountain is full of Wei and Guanluo. This is the atmosphere.

Dozens of natural landscapes are dangerous, precipitous, unique and strange. Toutianmen, ertianmen, Santianmen, Dagushan and Xiaogushan are tall and straight. A single tree in the dressing building crosses the cliff and is immortal after thousands of years. Touyanyao goes through the mountain and Chaoyang cave runs through the sky. There is ice in the wind tunnel all the year round. The fog and rain rock flows straight down. Maoyundong is the weather station of the common people The moon tower, wangxiangtai and xianjiadong all have different beautiful sceneries, and "Xionger snow" is one of the eight ancient sceneries of Lu family. "Xiongshan is not painted in ink for thousands of years, and white clouds and snow reflect the fairyland" completely describes its beautiful place.

Since ancient times, Xiong'er mountain's fragrance has lasted for thousands of years. The Taoist culture of Xiong'er mountain can be traced back to the Tang and Song Dynasties from some stone carvings and statues. In the prosperous period, there were more than 100 Taoists. There were more than 10 historical sites, such as ancestral temple, linggong temple, Laojun temple and Dasheng hall. At Zhongya, there was a big iron bell about 3 meters high and weighing about 3 tons. When the bell rang, it would swing back among thousands of mountains and rivers, which could be spread for hundreds of miles. There are many records in Lushi County annals. Xionger mountain has a deep origin with Wudang Mountain. The mountain form and the layout of the main historic buildings of Xionger mountain are very similar to Wudang Mountain. It is said that the grandmaster traveled to Wudang Mountain after he became an immortal. According to the records of Wudang Mountain, many legends such as huixinshi, Latai mountain, guanyuelou, waizuishan and sheshenya are related to his practice.

Natural Reserve

Luoyang XIONGERSHAN Nature Reserve

Xiong'er Mountain Nature Reserve is a provincial nature reserve of Xiong'er mountain in Luoyang City, Henan Province. It is located on the north and south sides of Jieling (the main mountain range of Xiong'er mountain) of Luoning, Yiyang, Song County and Luanchuan counties in Luoyang City, Henan Province. It consists of seven state-owned forest farms, namely Guxian, quanbaoshan, Sanguanmiao, Yiyang, Taocun, wangmangzhai and Daping. The geographical coordinates are 33 ° 54 '- 34 ° 31' n and 111 ° 10 '- 112 ° 09' E. The main protection object is the unique forest ecosystem.

The reserve was approved by Henan Provincial People's Government in November 2004, with a total area of 32524.6 hectares, core area of 7683.5 hectares, buffer area of 8954.3 hectares and experimental area of 15886.8 hectares.

The nature reserve is located in the transition zone between warm temperate zone and north subtropical climate. With the long-term natural replacement and evolution, the plant community distribution structure mainly consists of Cyclobalanopsis glauca community, Curcuma longissima community, Ulmus pumila community, Tilia amurensis community, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Huaxiang community and Cotinus coggygria community. The vertical distribution of plants in this area is more obvious. With the increase of altitude, three distribution zones are formed, i.e. deciduous broad-leaved forest zone between 640-1000 m; coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest zone between 1000-1500 m; coniferous forest zone and hilltop shrub dwarf forest zone between 1500-2000 M. The forest ecosystem in the transition zone between warm temperate zone and north subtropical zone is typical and representative.

The nature reserve has a unique geographical location and typical characteristics of forest ecosystem. It is a large concentrated state-owned forest region in Henan Province and has important ecological value. The forest area in the reserve is large, including coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and other forest types, with high stand quality and large coverage rate. It is a highly valuable multi-functional ecological forest. It has a strong role in water conservation, soil and water conservation and climate regulation, which is of great significance to improve the ecological environment.

There are 1895 species of plants in the reserve, belonging to 151 families and 680 genera, 165 species of pteridophytes, 23 families and 62 genera, 14 species of gymnosperms, 125 species of angiosperms, 1716 species of 611 genera. Among them, there are 400 species of arbors, 150 genera and 33 families, 210 species of shrubs, 60 genera and 21 families, and 1120 species of herbs, 408 genera and 74 families. There are 8 species of national second level key protected plants, 18 species of national third level key protected plants and 21 species of rare and endangered protected plants in Henan Province.

The abundant forest resources in Xionger mountain provide a good environment for wildlife to inhabit, reproduce and survive. The wildlife resources in this area are extremely rich. According to the preliminary investigation, there are more than 2000 species of animals in the reserve, belonging to 527 genera, 226 families, 44 orders, 6 classes. There are 169 species of birds belonging to 86 genera, 34 families, 15 orders, including 81 species of Passeriformes, 88 species of non Passeriformes, 45 species of mammals, 6 orders, 19 families, 32 genera, 2 orders, 4 families, 6 genera, 10 species of westerlies, 22 species of reptiles, 3 orders, 8 families, 15 genera, 3 orders, 4 families, 8 genera, 16 species of fishes and nearly 2000 species of insects. Among them, there are 3 kinds of national first-class key protected animals, 22 kinds of national second-class key protected animals and 20 kinds of provincial key protected animals.

historical event

Xiong'ershan was the place where Li Mi, the leader of Wagang army and Xiaoxiong, died in the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties. According to the records of the old book of the Tang Dynasty, Li mi was defeated by Wang Shichong after the Mangshan war in Luoyang, and surrendered to the Tang Dynasty with Wang bodang and Jia Runfu. Li Yuan, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, appointed Li Mi as a doctor of Zijin Guanglu. Later, Li mi worried that emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty was suspicious of him, so he led Wang bodang and others when Emperor Gaozu of Tang sent him to liyang to surrender to the old army

Chinese PinYin : Xiong Er Shan