Mao's ancestral hall

Mao's ancestral hall

Mao's ancestral hall is a family ancestral hall building built in the middle of Qing Dynasty, which belongs to the place where Mao's family worships ancestors and sages. The general ancestral hall of Mao family in Shaoshan was built in 1758 and completed in 1763. The building is of brick and wood structure, green brick and green tile, with a construction area of about 700 square meters. At the top of the gate of the ancestral hall is the word "Mao ancestral hall". Outside the gate, there are stone drums on each side.

Shaoshan ancestral hall

Mao's ancestral hall is located at the foot of the 18th Luohan mountain in Shaoshan village, Shaoshan township.

In 1741, Mao Erda and Mao Yisheng began to build ancestral temples. In 1755, they bought the land of Mao Jieren. In 1758, they began to build ancestral temples. In 1763, they built ancestral temples. The ancestral hall is of brick and wood structure with green bricks and tiles, with a construction area of 668.8 square meters. When it was built, it was 370 years since Mao moved to Shaoshan. It is the general ancestral hall of Mao in Shaoshan.

The front gate of the ancestral hall has the word "Mao ancestral hall". Outside the gate, there are stone drums on each side. The couplets on both sides are "to pay attention to the world's business and to call on the family.". When Mao Zedong was young, there was a farmer named Mao Chengwen who dared to fight against the landlords and the gentry. The landlords colluded with the patriarch, falsely accused Mao Chengwen of "breaking the clan rules", and took him to the ancestral hall for beating. Hearing this, Mao Zedong was very indignant. He rushed into the ancestral hall with the poor peasants and reasoned with the patriarch, forcing the patriarch to release Mao Chengwen.

In 1925, Mao Zedong went back to Shaoshan to carry out the peasant movement and founded more than 20 night schools for peasants. This is the first one. The central hall is an evening classroom, where Mao Zedong's wife Yang Kaihui once gave lectures. On the one hand, she imparted cultural knowledge to the poor villagers, and on the other hand, she popularized revolutionary principles. When she said "hand" and "foot", she said that everyone has two hands. The working people created all the wealth in the world with their hands, but they worked hard and ended up with nothing. Farmers have no food, weavers have no clothes, and house builders have no houses to live in. Rich people have hands and feet, but they eat fish and meat, wear silk and live in good houses. They have to take sedan chairs as soon as they go out. Let's think about why? Therefore, we should stand firm and use our hands to overthrow the ruling class that gains nothing.

layout

The ancestral hall is divided into three parts. The first entrance is the theater. The central part of the pavilion is a stage, which can hold dozens of people to perform on the stage. There are dressing rooms on both sides of the building. There is a small hall in the middle of the downstairs. On both sides of the room, left for the kitchen, right for the restaurant. The second entrance is the middle hall. The bell hangs on the right corridor and the drum hangs on the left corridor. It's a place for the whole family to work, make an appointment, offer sacrifices and hold a banquet. The third entrance is the "dunben hall", in which the tablets of the ancestral gods are placed. On the left side of the hall is the accommodation, and on the right side is the collection place for money, ceremonial objects, etc.

history

Mao Lu Zhong and Mao Jianchen, the progressive intellectuals in Shaoshan, founded the Mao clan school in the autumn of 1921. From the early spring to the mid autumn of 1925, when Mao Zedong and his wife Yang Kaihui returned to Shaoshan to carry out the peasant movement, they used the clan school classroom to set up the peasant night school. This is the earliest peasant night school in Shaoshan. Yang Kaihui is in charge of the evening school and has taught in it.

During the Anti Japanese War, Shaoshan branch of the Communist Party of China had a library here. In the early days of liberation, it was the seat of Shaoshan District Committee, district office and Shaoshan cultural center of Xiangtan County.

In 1968, the relevant departments carried out a major maintenance of the temple to keep its original appearance in the 1920s and open to the public. In the early 1980s, the people's Government of Hunan Province identified the temple as a provincial cultural relic protection unit, and included it in the former residence of Mao Zedong, a key cultural relic protection unit in the country. Since the 1990s, Mao's ancestral hall has been restored and repaired on a large scale, and the influential exhibition of Mao Zedong's family history has been held. Through the media of cultural relics, pictures and TV videos, the exhibition introduced the origin of Mao Zedong's family and Mao Zedong's family, and achieved good results.

Mao ancestral hall is the main ancestral hall of Mao family in Shaoshan. It was built in 1758 and completed in 1763. The building is of brick and wood structure, green brick and green tile, with a construction area of about 700 square meters. At the top of the gate of the ancestral hall is the word "Mao ancestral hall". Outside the gate, there are stone drums on each side. It has been 370 years since Mao moved to Shaoshan. It is the general ancestral hall of Mao in Shaoshan. The front gate of the ancestral hall has the word "Mao ancestral hall". Outside the gate, there are stone drums on each side. The couplets on both sides are "to pay attention to the world's business and to call on the family.". The ancestral hall is divided into three parts. The first entrance is the theater. The central part of the pavilion is a stage, which can accommodate dozens of people to perform on the stage. There are dressing rooms on both sides of the building. There is a small hall in the middle of the downstairs. On both sides of the room, left for the kitchen, right for the restaurant. The second entrance is the middle hall. There are bells hanging on the right corridor and drums hanging on the left corridor. This is the place for the whole family to work, make appointments, offer sacrifices and hold wine banquets. The third entrance is "dunben hall". In the hall, the memorial tablets of ancestors are placed. On the left side of the hall is the accommodation, and on the right side is the collection place of money, ceremonial utensils, etc.

effect

What is the function of this ancestral hall? From the beginning of "rebuilding the ancestral hall stele" in the reign of Emperor Guangxu, it is clear that "ancestral hall is the place for a family to respect their ancestors, to accept their families, and to Dunlun. It should be built magnificently, to honor their virtues, and to build their family's voice". Here, "respecting their ancestors" means to respect their ancestors; "accepting their families" means to collect their families; "Dunlun" means to promote enlightenment. Obviously, it should be the landmark of a family.

There are four words "Shaoling Yuxiu" above the menfang, which refers to both the spirit of Shaoshan mountains and rivers and the beauty of Shaoshan humanities. Ancient Chinese philosophy advocated the unity of man and nature and paid attention to the harmony between man and nature.

story

The first and second couplets have an allusion of the surname Mao respectively. The first couplet refers to the allusion that Mao Heng, the Great Duke of Mao in Lu Dynasty, and Mao Chang, the little Duke of Mao in Zhao Dynasty, annotated the book of songs successively in the Han Dynasty. It is extended to say that the Mao family took the annotation of the book of songs as the career of generations, which is naturally the scholarly family of the successors of poetry and rites. The second couplet uses the allusion of "Fengxi sexi" by Mao Yi of Lujiang in Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty inherited the ancient justice of the spring and Autumn period and paid great attention to the noble conduct of scholars. Mao Yi's family is poor and his family is filial. When Zhang Feng, a native of Nanyang, visited, he came across the appointment of Mao Yi as county magistrate. At that time, the noble taxi people were ashamed of being an official, but Mao Yi was "pleased with his appointment", that is, he was pleased with his appointment. Therefore, Zhang Feng regarded Mao Yi as a vulgarity and resolutely left. Later, when Mao Yi's mother died, Mao Yi resigned and went home to keep filial piety. The imperial court recommended Xianliang and recruited Mao Yi to be an official again. This time, Zhang Fengcai got to know Mao Yi's Gao Jie again and said with a sigh: at the beginning, Mao Yi was an official to support his mother. Therefore, the saying of "holding the family's voice" is to pass on the family with filial piety. With such a careful analysis, the couplet is quite interesting.

In 1968, the relevant departments carried out a large-scale maintenance of the ancestral hall to keep its original appearance in 1920s and open to the outside world. In September 1972, Hunan Province designated the temple as a provincial cultural relic protection unit. In 2006, it was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Travel

Opening hours: 08:30-18:00

Address: Shaoshan village, Shaoshan Township, Shaoshan City, Hunan Province

Longitude: 112.49143210367

Latitude: 27.904706532327

Chinese PinYin : Mao Shi Zong Ci