Temple of Empress Dowager in xianlianggang

Tianhou ancestral temple of xianlianggang is located in ZHONGMEN Town, Xiuyu District, Putian, Fujian Province. Xianliang port, also known as "Huangluo port", is now known as Gangli village. It was originally under the jurisdiction of ZHONGMEN Town, Putian County, and now under the jurisdiction of Shanting Township, North Bank of Meizhou Bay. In the temple of Empress Dowager in xianlianggang, the statues of Mazu's parents, the "exotic makeup sculpture" of the Song Dynasty and the tablets of Mazu's ancestors are worshipped. According to the records of Tian Hou Zhi, Mazu's great grandfather "Baoji Gong abandoned his official position and lived in Xianliang harbor in seclusion".

Tianhou ancestral temple

synonym

Xianlianggang Tianhou ancestral temple generally refers to Tianhou ancestral temple

Tianhou ancestral temple is located in Shanting Township, North Bank of Meizhou Bay, Putian City,

Ancient name: xianlianggang, also known as "huangluogang", is the birthplace of Mazu, the goddess of the Straits. After Mazu emerged, villagers built ancestral temples to commemorate her. Ancestral temple was built in Song Dynasty to worship Mazu wooden statue. According to the records of Chifeng Tianhou, "the portrait of the inner room of the ancestral hall is made up of different people, and the verses offered everywhere can't reach it.". Because the front hall of the ancestral hall is for the assembly to worship the statue of Mazu. The forehead is called "Tian Hou ancestral temple", and the back hall is dedicated to the holy parents and their ancestral tablets. The forehead is called "Lin's ancestral temple", so it is honored as "Tian Hou ancestral temple". In 1421, the ancestral hall of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty was damaged, and the court filed a lawsuit to repair it in Hong Kong. In 1991, Fujian Provincial People's government announced it as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.

Temple introduction

Tianhou ancestral temple of Xianliang port is located in Gangli village, Shanting Township, Xiuyu District, Putian, with a north facing south block. Ancestral temple was built in Song Dynasty. It was originally Lin's ancestral temple. After Mazu (987) was promoted, it began to offer sacrifices to Mazu. Therefore, it became one of the earliest Mazu temples, facing Mazu temple on Meizhou Island. Xianliang port, also known as "Huangluo port", is now known as Gangli village. It was originally under the jurisdiction of ZHONGMEN Town, Putian County, and now under the jurisdiction of Shanting Township, North Bank of Meizhou Bay. In the temple of Empress Dowager in xianlianggang, the statues of Mazu's parents, the "exotic makeup sculpture" of the Song Dynasty and the tablets of Mazu's ancestors are worshipped. According to the records of Tian Hou Zhi, Mazu's great grandfather "Baoji Gong abandoned his official position and lived in Xianliang harbor in seclusion".

Historical evolution

In 1661, the emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty took action against the palace affairs of Zheng of the Ming Dynasty. The border was cut off along the coast, and the villagers and Matsu's family moved to Hanjiang. In 1681, when the boundary was restored, the ancestral temple was completely destroyed. Lin Huochang, a grandnephew of Han Dynasty, initiated the reconstruction and welcomed the statue of Mazu back to Hanjiang people. Hanjiang people refused to accept it. Because of Wang Jiaobu's request, the two sides got ninety-nine holy Wang Jiao. Hanjiang people sent the statue back to Hong Kong by boat. In the 23rd year of Kangxi reign, Empress Dowager was granted imperial title. The ancestral hall was eroded by the wind and eroded by ants, and the walls were tilted by tiles. Lin Pei, a teacher in Fengshan County, Taiwan, initiated a fund-raising campaign to rebuild the ancestral hall at the back of the mountain. It was completed in September 1786. In 1788, Emperor Qianlong was consecrated to the spring and autumn ceremonies, which were recorded in the ritual code. In 1958, the ancestral hall was razed to the ground during the campaign of smelting iron and steel. She was rescued and survived. In 1984, the villagers raised funds to rebuild it in the original way, and the ceremony was held on February 2, 1988 (December 15, Dingmao year of the lunar calendar). In the present temple, there are preserved the statues of Mazu in the Song Dynasty, the stone inscriptions of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty and the nearby relics of the Song Dynasty, such as "Mazu's former residence", "Shoufu well", "Bafeng well" and "lianchumianzhu". In 1989, it was established as "Tianhou ancestral temple tour area of Xianliang port in Putian County", and in 1991, it was announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit by Fujian Provincial People's government. In recent years, Mazu believers from Taiwan and other places have come to Luogang to search for the source and make a pilgrimage to their ancestors. They have also invested in the construction of "three gate stele square", "bell and Drum Tower" and "Tongbin Pavilion", making the temple more perfect and spectacular.

architectural composition

Tianhou ancestral temple is one of the landmark buildings in Xianliang harbor. After several times of construction, it completely maintains the style and characteristics of Song Dynasty. The most recent restoration was in 1984. It is composed of five buildings, namely, the gate, the bell and Drum Tower, the worship Pavilion, the main hall and the back hall. It covers a total area of 615 square meters and a construction area of 580.56 square meters. The mountain gate is composed of three gates. On the middle gate, "shenzhaohaibiao" is Yongzheng's handwriting, on the right gate, "haiguoanlan" is Jiaqing's handwriting, and "zeqinhaiyu" is Daoguang's handwriting. On the back, the middle gate is Qianlong's "youjizhaoling", Xianfeng's "tianpoliyun" and Guangxu's "tonggong with heaven". The couplet of Zhongmen is "loyal and trustworthy to Yao island of Yuzhou in Zhou Dynasty, commanding Shuibo and tianwu by sun and moon." The couplet at the side door says, "the wind turns the rudder and destroys our people, but the fire and water are always in danger." "Protect the country, protect the people, help the southeast of the world, and control the river, Huaihe River and sea."

The main hall of ancestral temple is a beam lifting and hilltop resting system. It is three rooms wide and two rooms deep, with cornices and angles, and is resplendent. Plaques such as "Yiling suiyou" and "Lingzhao haibiao" are hung, and couplets are engraved on the pillars: "Shenzhong Luogang is the spirit of Meizhou, Puyang is the holy place, and Lufei Xianyang is the driving force in Dongjing and rongbei to praise Niang's kindness." "Thousands of years of incense still exist in the place of gurui, the ancestor of Hong Kong, and the meritorious service of a hundred generations stands in Meizhou Tianhou purification palace.".

Mazu wood soft body treasure sitting in the center of the main hall, Mian Diao holding GUI, facial kindness. According to the records: "the precious statues in the ancestral hall are made up by different people. The statues worshipped everywhere can't reach them."

The back hall is Lin's ancestral hall, which is dedicated to the tablets of Mazu's ancestors, two statues of Mazu's parents and tablets of Mazu's brothers and sisters. It is called "Lin's ancestral hall" and honored as "Tian Hou's ancestral hall". On the screen wall of the back hall is engraved the clan model written by Lin Jun, Minister of the Ministry of punishment of the crown prince Shaobao of the Ming Dynasty. In addition, there are two inscriptions in Tianhou ancestral temple, which are rebuilding Tianhou ancestral temple written by Lin Qingbiao in the 51st year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, and commendatory titles of all dynasties in the Qing Dynasty.

The bell and Drum Tower is an octagonal three story building donated by LAN Gong in Dajia Town, Taichung County in 1993. The bell tower couplet on the left says "bell sounds, five tripod music, RI Li Wannian tower", and the drum tower couplet on the right says "offer wine to Wenzu, beat drums to Fengyi". The gate is dignified and solemn, and the incense burner is placed in the front of the pavilion. This pavilion is the most unique building in all Mazu temples in the world. According to records, in 1788, Emperor Qianlong issued an imperial edict to the ancestral hall of Empress Dowager's native place, ordering local officials to make spring and autumn sacrifices. This pavilion is for local officials to worship.

Cultural relics

On the east side of Tianhou ancestral temple, next to Wuzu Palace (also known as Wuzu society and Xin'an Palace), is a building of Yuan Dynasty. It is said that the Wuzu palace was built by the descendants of Wu Xing, the "hero of chopping Jiaos" in yanshoupi of Tang Dynasty. At that time, the Wu family made a fortune by running water transport business, built a palace to thank Mazu for her blessing and pray for peace, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was changed into the Wu clan.

To the east of wuzushe is Yingbin Pavilion, and to the East is the navigation mark stone tower of Song Dynasty. The pagoda is a square one, with a small top. There are niches on all four sides of the square. The statues of Buddha are carved in the niches. Although the statues of Buddha have been weathered, their appearance can be discerned. The top of the tower looks like a hat, its four corners are banana leaves turning upward and outward, and the middle is vertical Falun. This kind of tower is called "Ayu king tower". Asoka was a king who devoted himself to spreading Buddhism in ancient India. This tower is a beacon tower for ancient ships to enter and leave Xianliang port.

To the east of the stone pagoda is Fuhui temple, which is said to be the oldest temple in xianlianggang. It was built in the Later Zhou Dynasty and was originally the five emperors temple. On the left side of the temple is the Sanguan hall, on the right side is the Wenchang Pavilion, and in front of it is the five emperors temple. It is said that during the Qing Dynasty, after Putian South Shaolin was destroyed, some martial monks lived in seclusion in xianlianggang. They expanded the back hall behind the temple, and the five emperors temple was renamed "Fuhui Temple".

Plaque of ancestral temple

Plaque of Tianhou ancestral temple in Xianliang port

Among the 33 plaques in the ancestral hall of Empress Dowager in Gangli, there are mainly:

Shide Zhongxiang

Loyalty, filial piety and Liu Fang

Looking for the source of Luogang

Historical records

Located on the mainland shore of Meizhou Island, Xianliang port (now Gangli village, Zhongmen town) is a Hongluo port. This is the birthplace of Mazu. In Song Dynasty, Mazu was granted the title of zugu by the imperial court. After Lin Mo ascended to heaven, he worshiped the wooden statue of zugu in Lin's ancestral temple in xianlianggang. In the 19th year of Yongle (1421 A.D.), the ancestral temple was destroyed, and the eunuch was ordered to repair the ancestral temple in xianlianggang; in the year of Jiajing (1522-1566 A.D.), the coastal area was harassed by Japanese pirates, and the village houses were burned down, so the Japanese pirates did not dare to invade the ancestral temple.

At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the ancestral temple was abandoned. In 1682, it was rebuilt after the restoration of the boundary. In the 59th year of Kangxi (1720), it was ordered that the ancestral temple of Tian Hou's native place order the local officials to sacrifice in the spring and Autumn period, which was recorded in the sacrificial ceremony; in the first year of Jiaqing (1796), it was granted to the former generation; in the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803), it was granted to the third generation, and kao'an was the Duke and his wife of Jiqing. Putian local officials took Xianliang harbor 80 li away from the city, so the transportation was inconvenient. Since the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the spring and Autumn Festival sacrifice was held in Wenfeng palace in the city, and the nephew of Lin surnamed in the harbor led the ritual. The ancestral temple was damaged by wind and rain ants, and the tile leakage wall was tilted, so it was rebuilt in the original site of Houshan highland. Lin Qingbiao (son of Lin Yuan, Minister of Taipusi in Yongzheng Dynasty), a Shaozhou descendant of Huian County, wrote to his eldest son, Lin Pei, who was then a teacher of Fengshan County in Taiwan, to collect money for the construction in Taiwan. It was completed in September 1786. There are also stone carvings of rebuilding the temple of heaven after written by Lin Qingbiao.

In 1958, the statue of ancestral aunt in the temple was collected by an old woman. It was rebuilt in 1984. Nearby, there are also the legendary Jieshui pavilion where Mazu's parents prayed for their son, the "Shoufu well" where Mazu peeped through the well to get Fu when he was young, and the site of Mazu's former residence.

Folk activities

After 1987, Taiwanese Mazu believers came to Meizhou to worship Mazu

Chinese PinYin : Xian Liang Gang Tian Hou Zu Ci