Yuan Tomb of dressing house

Located in Nangou village, Guyuan County, Hebei Province, the yuan Tomb of the dressing house is a Mongolian noble Tomb of the Yuan Dynasty. The owner of the tomb is kuolijis, the nephew of Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty.

The custom of enjoying hall on the tomb is said to be the "dressing house" of Empress Dowager Xiao of Liao Dynasty. It faces south in the north. It is a green brick arched structure without beams, and the building plane is square.

A Mongolian noble tomb was found in the center of the building, and precious cultural relics such as clothes and gold ornaments with Mongolian characteristics of Yuan Dynasty were cleared out.

The discovery and archaeological excavation of the yuan tomb in the dressing house are of great help to the burial customs, rituals and religious beliefs of Mongolia in the Yuan Dynasty.

Yuan Tomb of dressing house

The yuan Tomb of the dressing house, a key cultural relic protection unit in China, is a tomb of Mongolian nobles in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368 A.D.).

Tomb site structure

It is said that the custom of enjoying the hall on the yuan Tomb of the dressing house is the "dressing house" of Empress Dowager Xiao of the Liao Dynasty. It faces south. It is a blue brick arched structure without beams, with a height of 9.1 meters. The building plane is square, with arched doors on the south, East and west walls, and the roof is arched dome. In the center of the building, a Mongolian noble tomb was found, and precious cultural relics such as clothes and gold ornaments with Mongolian characteristics of Yuan Dynasty were cleared out.

The discovery of the yuan tomb in the dressing house and a large amount of data obtained from archaeological excavation add new material materials to the study of the burial customs, etiquette, religious belief, architectural style and clothing evolution of the Mongolian and other ethnic tribes in the Yuan Dynasty, and to the study of the culture of the Wanggu tribe and other ethnic tribes.

unearthed relic

"Dressing building", its unique architectural style and appearance, I do not know how many people have attracted attention. The building is 15 meters high, the base plane is square, the side length is 9.3 meters, the top is arched, four brick walls, the surface is laid with lime brick, without mortar, the wall thickness is 70 cm. There are doors on all sides. The whole building is made of brick, not wood. There were murals in it. On the top of the original glazed tile inlay, resplendent, very spectacular.

Archaeological investigation

The archaeological survey mainly investigated, drilled and dissected the related remains around the dressing house cemetery, with a total of 56750 square meters of exploration and 150 square meters of trial excavation. Through drilling in the north and northeast of the dressing house, a total of 23 possible tombs were found, among which 5 bone burning tombs built with vertical bricks were found for the first time in this area. In addition, a section of the wall was found, which provides important information for determining the exact range of the wall in the tomb area of the dressing house. According to the investigation, white glazed tiles and broken bricks of the same age were found at xiaohongcheng site, dahongcheng site, Mashen Temple site and qianshuiquan site, which are 10km north of the dressing house. In particular, white jade head and glazed components were unearthed in xiaohongcheng, which shows that they played an important role at that time.

significance

According to experts from Hebei Institute of cultural relics, the lightning river basin where the dressing house is located is the summer palace of Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties. The investigation and drilling of the dressing house and its surrounding relics are of great significance to the study of Liao, Jin and Yuan history, especially the yuan history.

Sacrificial custom

According to historical records, the area around the dressing house was a summer hunting place for the royal family in the Liao Dynasty. According to local legend, Empress Dowager Xiao once found that her hair was in disorder here, so she ordered her subordinates to build a small building for her dressing, so it is called dressing building. There are similar records in the local chronicles, and there is a plaque of "dressing building" on this remains.

Archaeologists began to explore and excavate the dressing house in 1999. An ancient tomb was found in the center of the building. Silk fabrics with the characteristics of Mongolian costumes of the Yuan Dynasty were unearthed from the tomb. According to the words on the unearthed stone tablet, the owner of the tomb is Kuoli Jisi, the grandson of Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the archaeologists, the dressing building is actually a tomb building for sacrifice -- the hall of enjoyment, and "dressing" may be the homonym of "tree burial".

Folklore

During the renovation in 1982, yellow and green glazed tiles were excavated underground near the building foundation, which should be the top ornament. However, there is no record of this in the history books, and many archaeologists have different opinions, but it is said that it is the "dressing house" of Empress Dowager Xiao in the Liao Dynasty.

In September 1999, the Institute of cultural relics of Hebei Province, together with the culture, radio and Television Bureau of Guyuan County, carried out an archaeological survey of the popular "dressing house" and found that it was actually a cemetery 140 meters long and 74 meters wide. Inside the building is an ancient tomb. About 2 meters underground, a long brick and stone tomb with vertical holes was found. There are three coffins in parallel in the tomb. The coffin in the middle is extremely unique. From the whole, it looks like half pine lying in it. After careful examination, we can see that one third of the area has been sawed, and a groove corresponding to the human body has been dug in, so the dead person will be placed in it. The eastern and Western coffins are similar to modern coffins, but the Western coffin is still as new as ever after it was unearthed. There are two layers at the bottom of the coffin and seven circles similar to the Big Dipper on the upper layer, which is called "Seven Star coffin" in history.

Precious cultural relics

The bottom of the coffin is made of blue bricks, with a layer of sleepers on it. The coffins are separated from each other by brick walls with wooden strips. Then they are tightly hooped with iron bars and covered with big blue stones. The three dead are a man and two daughters. The man is Kuo Li Ji Si, the son-in-law of Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, and the two daughters are Kuo Li Ji Si's two wives. They are all princesses. The costumes of the dead are gorgeous and elegant, with the characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty Mongolian people, such as the quality of sun's clothes and the weaving of gold and cotton, and the high-grade dragon pattern gilt gold and silver belt decoration, and the Zhu Sanskrit mantra and its patterns are also found. At the same time, some precious cultural relics such as swords, ancient coins and bronze seals were unearthed. According to cultural relic experts, the tombs of the Mongolians in the Yuan Dynasty are rare in China, and the shape of the tombs built on the tombs, with trees as coffins, is unique in Hebei and rare in China.

In 2001, another excavation was carried out near the "dressing house", and 17 tombs were found. Judging from the unearthed cultural relics and their scale, all of them were the same generation and elders of the main tomb.

Address: Danangou village, lianhuatan Township, Guyuan County, Hebei Province

Longitude: 115.78779816628

Latitude: 41.660312685651

Traffic information: the yuan Tomb of dressing house is located in Nangou village, Guyuan County, Hebei Province. You can drive or charter a car from Guyuan.

Ticket information: 20 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Shu Zhuang Lou Yuan Mu