Han Jiang

The second largest river in Guangdong Province, China. In Tang Dynasty, it was called "evil river" and later in memory of Han Yu, it was renamed "Han Jiang". The Tingjiang River in the North flows out of Wuyishan Mountain in the southwest of Ninghua County in the southwest of Fujian Province, and flows to sanheba in Dapu County in Guangdong Province in the south. It is called Hanjiang River after it flows to Meijiang River in the south. South to Chaozhou, the river branches into the Hanjiang Delta and flows into the South China Sea in Chenghai county and Shantou City respectively. It's 410 kilometers long. Hanjiang River is an important channel connecting Chaozhou, Shantou, Xingshi, Meixian and Changting. Originated from baishandong, Zijin County, Guangdong Province, sanheba, which flows through Dapu County, converges with Chengjiang River and is called Hanjiang River. It is more than 400 kilometers long and is the second largest river in Guangdong Province. In ancient times, Hanjiang River was called "evil river" and "Crocodile River" because of the presence and absence of crocodiles; it was also called "Fengshui" because of Chaozhou's other name "Fengcheng"; later, it was renamed "Hanjiang River" to commemorate Hanyu's driving crocodiles. The Hanjiang River flows through Chaozhou City for about 3 kilometers. The north section of the river is wide. The North dike connects Zhugan mountain and Jinshan mountain to safeguard the safety of the ancient city. The kapok on the bank is tall and straight, and the ferries come and go between the two sides, riding the wind and setting sail, which constitutes one of the eight scenic spots in Chaozhou. Xiangzi bridge lies in the middle of Hanjiang River, connecting the traffic between the ancient city and the east bank. Every spring when the water rises, the floods rush down the bridge piers made of boulders, which is spectacular. Therefore, "Xiangqiao spring rise" is also listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Chaozhou. The southern section is divided into two parts, East and West, and flows around Fenghuang island. Fenghuang platform is built at the head of Fenghuang island. Every rainy season, the stage overlooking the river, misty rain, xiangziqiao looming, so "Phoenix rain" is also one of the eight Chaozhou. The Phoenix Tower, opposite to the Phoenix Terrace across the river, stands beside the river. The water shadow is reflected like a giant pillar holding the sky. This is the "Longqiu pagoda", one of the eight scenic spots in Chaozhou. Hanjiang River has a long flow of clear water, boats and bamboo rafts shuttling across the river, and many beautiful scenes on both sides constitute a magnificent picture of dynamic and static blending. Hanjiang River was called Yuanshui in ancient times, because crocodiles once occupied the river pool, harming people and animals, so it was also known as the evil river. It was only called Hanjiang River after Song Dynasty. Hanjiang is the second largest river in Guangdong Province and the largest river in Chaoshan. From the birthplace to Dongxi estuary, the total length is 470 km, the drop is 920 m, and the total drainage area is 30112 square kilometers. There are two main river sources, one is Tingjiang River, the other is Meijiang river. Tingjiang River originates from Nanshanping, Ninghua County, Fujian Province (according to the hydrological records of Chaozhou annals, it originates from the south foot of Wuyi Mountain in Changting County). It flows southeast, and many streams flow into it along the way, and enters Guangdong Province through Fengshi. Tingjiang River flows into Zhangxi River and Meitan River from Dapu County, flows to sanheba, and merges with Meijiang river flowing from west to Southeast, with a total length of 323 kilometers and a drainage area of 11800 square kilometers. Meijiang river originates from qixingdong at the junction of baishandong in Zijin County and Lufeng County (according to the hydrological records of Chaozhou annals, it comes from the south foot of Jiulian Mountain in Guangdong and Jiangxi Province, flows southeast to Tan River, and converges below Shuikou in northeast to Meijiang River). The water flows along the North slope of Lianhua Mountain to northeast, and joins Xingning River, Wuhua River, Shiku River, Yushu River, etc. along the way, turns southeast to Songkou and flows to the south Sanheba, the confluence of Tingjiang River, has a total length of 305 kilometers and a drainage area of 14000 square kilometers. After the confluence of the three river dams, Tingjiang River and Meijiang river are called Hanjiang River. The water volume increases rapidly and the river is turbulent. Along the way, Wenci River, Fenghuang River and some Shankeng small rivers are collected. All the way south to Chaozhou City, the total length is about 110 km. The section from sanheba to xiangziqiao outside Chaozhou City is called the middle reaches of Hanjiang River, and the diversion from Chaozhou City to Haikou is the downstream of Hanjiang River. The lower reaches of Hanjiang River is located in the delta plain with flat terrain, low riverbed slope and moderate water potential. It is not far from xiangziqiao and is fan-shaped and divided into three tributaries. The Northeast branch is called Beixi, the middle one is called Dongxi, and the west one is called Xixi. Beixi (Note: before the closure of Gangshan reservoir, which was visited by netizens in maitian last time, the water flowed into Beixi) flows through Dongli town of Chenghai City, and converges with Nanxi (excavated in the reign of song zhezong, with a length of 10.5 km, connecting the shipping of Dongxi and Beixi) to form Dongli River, which flows through Dongli bridge gate and into the sea at Yifeng port, with a total length of 30 km. The main stream of Dongxi river flows through lianyangqiao sluice in Chenghai City, from Beigang to the sea, with a total length of about 38 km. (Note: Cheng Yanggang, at the junction of Nanxi and Dongxi, has been frequently reported in newspapers recently. It is reported that there are more than 100 ancient banyan trees.). Xixi is below aotouzhou and is divided into three streams. In the East is Waisha River, which flows through Waisha Bridge gate and into the sea, about 11 km long; in the middle is Xinjin River, which flows through Xiapu bridge gate at the junction of Chenghai City and Shantou City, and out of Xinjin port and into the sea, about 15.6 km long; in the West is Meixi River, which flows through the District of Shantou City, through Meixi bridge gate, through Xinghua bridge, and under Xinghua bridge, it is further divided into two roads, one passing Jiefang Bridge and Guanghua bridge and entering Shantou port to sea, the other passing back and forth Lanqiao and Wuqiao, the artificial waterways flowing into Shantou port and into the sea, are about 13.9 kilometers long. They are the main shipping lines in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. In addition, in Longwei of Meixi section, there is a small river (controlled by sluice), about 6.6 km long, called honglianchi River, which flows through Yuepu Township, leaving Xigang and entering the sea. The runoff of Hanjiang River is mainly produced by rainfall, and the annual precipitation is directly proportional to the annual runoff. The flood season of Hanjiang River is generally from April to September, and the peak occurs in June.

Han Jiang

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

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One of the most important rivers along the southeast coast of China is the second largest river basin in Guangdong Province besides the Pearl River Basin.

In ancient times, it was called Yuanshui, later called exi.

The Hanjiang River basin covers 22 cities and counties in Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, covering an area of 30112 square kilometers. The upstream of Hanjiang River is formed by the confluence of Meijiang River and Tingjiang River. Meijiang river is the main stream, which originates from Shangfeng, Zijin County, Guangdong Province. It flows from southwest to northeast through Wuhua, Xingning, Meixian, Meizhou, Dapu and other cities and counties in Guangdong Province, and converges with Tingjiang River at sanheba. Tingjiang River originates from laijiashan, Ninghua County, Fujian Province, and flows through laijiashan, Fujian Province from north to south Changting County, Wuping County, Shanghang County, Yongding County and Dapu County in Guangdong Province. After the confluence of Meijiang River and Tingjiang River, it is called Hanjiang River. From north to south, it flows through Fengshun, Chaoan and other counties in Guangdong Province, to Chaozhou City and enters into Hanjiang Delta river network area. It flows through Shantou City and flows into the South China Sea by East, West and North streams. With Meijiang River as the source, the main stream is 470 km long.

On December 17, 2017, Hanjiang was selected as one of the 10 "most beautiful hometown rivers" in 2017.

General situation of River Basin

Watershed boundary

The Shanling Anticline of Wuyishan in the north of Hanjiang River Basin is the natural dividing line between Hanjiang River and Ganjiang River; the watershed between jiulongxi, a tributary of Minjiang River, and the inconspicuous mountains in the Northeast; the watershed between Hanjiang River and Rongjiang river is composed of Yinna Mountain and baxiang mountain in the South; the watershed between Fenghuang Mountain and Huanggang river flows into the sea in the East; and the watershed between Dongjiang River and inconspicuous mountains in the West.

Basin scope

Hanjiang River Basin is located in the east of Guangdong and the southwest of Fujian. Its geographical location is 115 ° 13 ′～ 117 ° 09 ′ E and 23 ° 17 ′～ 26 ° 05 ′ n. It is the second largest basin in Guangdong Province except the Pearl River Basin. The river basin covers a total area of 30112 square kilometers in Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, including 11802 square kilometers in Tingjiang, 13929 square kilometers in Meijiang, 3346 square kilometers in Hanjiang (sanheba Chaoan) and 1035 square kilometers in Hanjiang Delta (below Chaoan). According to the province, 17851 square kilometers (59.3%) are in Guangdong Province, and 12080 square kilometers are in Fujian Province Square kilometers (40.1%), Jiangxi Province 181 square kilometers (0.6%).

Basin topography

The basin is characterized by a zigzag structure with elevations ranging from 20m to 1500m and an average gradient of 0.37 ‰ on the main stream of the Hanjiang River.

Mountainous area accounts for 70% of the total basin area, mostly distributed in the north and middle of the basin, with the general elevation above 500 meters; hilly area accounts for 25% of the total basin area, mostly distributed in Meijiang River Basin and other tributary valleys, with the general elevation below 200 meters; plain area accounts for 5% of the total basin area, mainly in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River Delta, with the general elevation below 20 meters.

Basin climate

The basin is located in the Subtropical Southeast Asian monsoon region, which has a subtropical climate with high temperature, humid heat and frequent rainstorms. The rainfall and flood are mainly concentrated in summer, and most of them are frontal rain from April to June,

Due to the severe influence of the marine southeast monsoon, it often causes large area of continuous rainfall on the front; from July to September, it is mainly caused by tropical storms in the Pacific and South China Sea, which often causes heavy rain and high flood level. The rainfall in the basin is abundant, but the spatial and temporal distribution is uneven. The annual average rainfall is 1400-1700mm, and the annual distribution is uneven. The rainfall from April to September accounts for more than 70% of the annual rainfall, and it is more concentrated in May and June. Affected by the topography, the rainfall increases northward from the coast, and then decreases northward after passing the Lianhua mountains. The rainstorm center of the basin is located in Yangtou village xigouliao Fenghuang area, Longwo Town, Zijin County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province, with an annual precipitation of about 2570 mm.

Trend of main stream

upper reaches

Meijiang River in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River originates from qixinglian of Wuya mountain at the junction of Lufeng County and Zijin County, which is called nanqin river. It flows from southwest to northeast, converges with Beiqin river at the mouth of Qinjiang River, then it is called Qinjiang River, converges with Wuhua River at the mouth of Shuizhai River, converges with Ningjiang river at the mouth of Xingning River, and then it converges with Chengjiang River, Shiku River and Songyuan River to Sanhe River in Dapu county

Chinese PinYin : Han Jiang