The goddess Hall

This is the main hall of Jinci temple. Notre Dame hall was built to worship Jiang Ziya's daughter, King Wu's wife and King Cheng's mother Yijiang.

The hall was built in the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of nearly a thousand years.

There is not a load-bearing pillar in the hall, which increases the space of the hall. This kind of peculiar structure is quite rare.

The painted sculptures of the Song Dynasty are the treasures of the Notre Dame hall, especially the maids. They are lifelike and have different expressions, which shows the superb craftsmanship of the Song Dynasty.

The goddess Hall

Notre Dame hall is the main hall of Jin ancestral temple. The main building in Jin ancestral temple is located at the end of the central axis from west to East. It was built in honor of Yijiang, the daughter of Jiang Ziya, the wife of King Wu of Zhou, and the mother of King Cheng of Zhou.

Founded in the Tiansheng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1023-1032 A.D.) and rebuilt in the first year of Chongning (1102 A.D.), it is a masterpiece of architecture in the Song Dynasty. The hall is seven rooms wide and six rooms deep, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain and yellow green glazed tile trimming. The hall is 19 meters high.

geographical environment

The Notre Dame Hall of Shanxi Taiyuan Jinci is the main building in the temple, sitting West to East, at the end of the central axis. It was built in honor of Yijiang, the daughter of Jiang Ziya, the wife of King Wu of Zhou, and the mother of King Cheng of Zhou.

Jinci scenic spot is close to Taiyuan City, and its climate is close to the urban area. Besides, it is close to water and mountain, and has beautiful scenery. It is a summer resort for tourists. The No.8 bus and minibus leading to Jinci in Taiyuan city have long day and night (6:00 am-23:00 PM), short driving interval (15-20 minutes) and comfortable riding environment. Jinci scenic spot is convenient for accommodation. Hotels and hotels are located around. Dozens of hotels, restaurants and restaurants have excellent service and delicious food, and have local characteristics. In particular, "Jinci rice" is famous for its clear crystal and pure flavor. Jinci town government, which is close to the scenic spot, has made great efforts in the construction of public facilities and three industries (service, catering and entertainment) with tourism as the leading industry in recent years. It has greatly changed its appearance, especially the accommodation conditions, communication business, medical security, entertainment places and shopping environment of the scenic spot are more and more favored by Chinese and foreign tourists.

Development history

establish

Founded in the Tiansheng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1023-1032 A.D.) and rebuilt in the first year of Chongning (1102 A.D.), it is a representative work of architecture in the Song Dynasty. The hall is seven rooms wide and six rooms deep, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain and yellow green glazed tile trimming. The hall is 19 meters high.

The hall is surrounded by porches, and the front porch is two rooms deep. It is very spacious, which is an example of the system of "sub step circle" in the ancient Chinese book "Zao Zao FA Shi". The structure of the hall is a single trough type, that is, there is a row of inner columns. Except for the front porch, all the sides of the hall are a deep corridor, forming the lower eaves. The interior and exterior of the hall adopt the method of reducing columns, and the gallery columns and eaves columns support the top beams of the hall, thus expanding the space inside the hall. The Notre Dame hall is basically in accordance with the custom of the "construction method", which shows the architectural style and aesthetic consciousness of the Northern Song Dynasty, and is a national treasure of ancient architecture in China.

In front of the hall, there are eight wooden dragons carved on the pillars, which are said to be relics of the Song Dynasty. The surrounding gallery is one of the earliest existing wooden buildings in China. Inside the hall are 43 painted sculptures of the Song Dynasty. The main statue is the Virgin Mary sitting in a wooden shrine. The chair in the spotlight is a phoenix crown and a boa robe with a dignified look. Each of the attendants has his own service, which is a portrayal of the court life. The statue of maid of Song Dynasty in the hall is a very precious masterpiece among the relics of Jinci temple. It is arranged according to the court system of feudal society, and is a miniature of the royal life of Song Dynasty. The 44 statues are female images of different ages and personalities. They are vivid, natural and vivid. It is a large-scale Song Dynasty building in China.

history

Jinci temple was built before the Northern Wei Dynasty to commemorate the second son of King Wu of Zhou, Shu Yu. The buildings, pavilions, pavilions, bridges and trees are set off against each other. The mountains are surrounded by water. There are lots of cultural relics, and the ancient trees are towering. It is a very beautiful ancient garden. It is known as the "little Jiangnan" in Shanxi Province. It is a rare large ancestral hall style classical garden in China and abroad. In particular, the Notre Dame hall, maiden statue, fish marsh beam, and old spring are the essence of Jinci scenic spot. The statues of Zhou Bai, Nan Laoquan and Song Dynasty maid in the temple are known as the "three treasures of Jin Temple", which have high historical, scientific and artistic values. Jinci is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a bright pearl of Chinese culture.

legend

According to legend, during the Song Dynasty, the imperial court ordered to build the Notre Dame hall in the Jinci temple. According to the imperial court's order, 43 statues would be placed in the Notre Dame hall. As the time limit for the imperial court to hand over the work approached, the craftsmen still didn't come up with a good way. Everyone was very anxious, but they didn't know what to do. Suddenly one day, an old man came to the construction site leisurely. The old man fiddled with the broken wood on the construction site as if no one else. He put the wood together on the left and on the right, and finally built a small model of Notre Dame hall. What's more wonderful is that there was no pillar in the model of Notre Dame hall. The old man skillfully put the stress point of the whole hall on the pillars and eaves around the Notre Dame hall. The craftsmen were very excited when they saw the model. They decided to build the Notre Dame Temple according to the model. They wanted to thank the old man for his help, but the old man never heard from them again. It is said that the old man is the ancestor of the ancient carpenter Lu Ban Xianling.

Pattern characteristics

Feng Shui

To the west of Feiliang is the magnificent Notre Dame hall. It is backed by xuanweng mountain, facing the fish marsh in front, with Shanli spring and Nanlao spring on the left and right. It sits in the West and faces the East. It lives alone at the end of the central axis and is crowned in the whole temple. It was built in 984 and rebuilt in 1102. It is the oldest building in Jinci temple. The main hall is solemn and simple, grand and magnificent. Its shape, specification and construction method are the model of Song Dynasty architecture in China. It has high historical and artistic value.

built-up area

The main hall is made of double eaves on the top of Xieshan mountain, with a height of 19 meters, a width of seven rooms and a depth of six rooms. Surrounded by corridors, the front corridor is two deep, and the corridor is extremely wide. The practice of "secondary steps around the main hall" is the earliest example of the existing ancient buildings in China. The temple beam frame is the only isolated example of the existing ancient architecture in China, which is in line with the "building French" temple style framework. The columns around the hall incline inward to form side angles, and the horizontal columns gradually rise to the corner columns, resulting in the rise of the eaves, which breaks the rigid style of the building outline and enhances the artistic beauty and stability of the building shape. The top of the hall is covered with yellow green glass, and the ridge is decorated with various animals. The couplets and plaques hanging under the corridor are full of ancient fragrance. From a distance, we can see that Feige Liudan is magnificent. In addition, eight winding wooden dragons carved on the front porch pillars of the hall are bold and vigorous, which were carved in the second year of song and Yuan Dynasties (1087). The eight year old dragon holds a big column with angry eyes and sharp claws. It is lifelike. Nearly a thousand years ago, it has scales and beards, and it is still ready to fly. It is hard not to admire the excellent wood and exquisite workmanship. There are no pillars in the hall, which not only increases the majesty of the virgin in the high shrine, but also provides a good condition for setting statues.

style

At the foot of xuanweng mountain, about 25 kilometers southwest of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. The main hall of Jinci, Notre Dame hall, is one of the important buildings in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 1961, it was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Notre Dame hall was built in the Tiansheng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1023-1032). It is located on the main axis of the Jinci temple. It faces east in the West and has double eaves on the top of the mountain. The hall is five rooms wide and four rooms deep. The structure of the hall is in the form of a single trough, that is, there is a row of inner columns, and there is a deep Corridor around the hall, which forms the lower eaves, that is, the practice of "secondary steps and circumferences" in the "construction method". In order to form a wide front porch with two deep rooms (four rafters), special treatment has been made for its structure: the four beams of three rooms in the front porch of the palace eaves are lengthened to the two deep rooms (four rafters), and the beam tail is inserted into the inner column of the single slot joint of the palace body, so that the four columns of three rooms in the front porch of the palace body do not fall to the ground but stand on the above beams, and the door and window sill wall on the front of the palace body is pushed back between the inner columns. Inside the hall, there are three deep rooms (six rafters) with beams on the top. The space is complete and high open. The cornice line is warped from the secondary to form a flexible cornice curve. On the eight lower eaves columns on the front of the hall, there are wooden Dragon carving columns, which are recorded in "Zao Zao FA Shi". The second step of the main hall has two jumps, the extension of huatou is false head raising, and the body of the hall has three jumps, which is two Huayi and a head raising. Only one for each room on the front, not on the side and back. This hall is the only existing building in the Song Dynasty with single groove and secondary steps. The side feet of the column body are prominent, and the roof and cornice are curvilinear. It shows the typical architectural style of the Northern Song Dynasty and can be regarded as the representative of the Song Dynasty architecture.

There is a fish pond flying beam in front of the Notre Dame hall. It is a cross shaped bridge built on a square pool. It is a wooden beam bridge with stone columns and a bucket is used at the intersection. Its origin can be traced back to the Northern Dynasty, but the existing relics are relics of the Song Dynasty. The stone railings on the bridge deck were made after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and there was no relic as the basis.

The sacrificial hall before Feiliang was built in 1168, the eighth year of jindading. The hall is three rooms wide and two rooms deep. The front and rear eaves are used to connect the beams. The single eaves rest on the top of the mountain. The structure of the two mountains is simple. In the Ming Dynasty, there were doors in front and behind, and the rest were equipped with empty fences, which were opened on all sides

Chinese PinYin : Sheng Mu Dian