Jiulongshan Nature Reserve

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is located in the southwest of Suichang, with a total area of 300000 mu. The main peak is 1724m, the fourth highest in Zhejiang Province. Over 1000 meters above sea level, there are nearly ten thousand mu of natural forest in the original state, which has the typical characteristics of mid subtropical broad-leaved forest vegetation. There are more than 1340 species of plants belonging to 637 genera of 173 families, 18 species of national key protected plants, 149 species of vertebrates, and more than 10 species of rare animals such as macaque, leopard, golden cat, clouded leopard, giant salamander, and moustache toad, which enjoy the reputation of "biological gene bank". The magnificent ten mile Rhododendron corridor in the reserve is rare in China, and there is a mysterious "mystery of savages". The nature reserve was established in 1983, with scenic spots such as sizhoulan, caixiangyan, Shiba Luohan, Longjing, fansteamed altar, Dayan, Baxian diaotai, Shimen, etc.

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is located in the southwest of Suichang, with a total area of 300000 mu. The main peak is 1724m, the fourth highest in Zhejiang Province. Over 1000 meters above sea level, there are nearly ten thousand mu of natural forest in the original state, which has the typical characteristics of mid subtropical broad-leaved forest vegetation. There are more than 1340 species of plants belonging to 637 genera of 173 families, 18 species of state-level key protected plants, 149 species of vertebrates, and more than 10 species of rare animals such as macaque, leopard, clouded leopard, golden cat, giant salamander and moustache toad, which enjoy the reputation of "biological gene bank". The magnificent ten mile Rhododendron corridor in the reserve is rare in China, and there is a mysterious "mystery of savages". The nature reserve was established in 1983, with scenic spots such as sizhoulan, caixiangyan, Longjing, Shiba Luohan, fansteamed altar, Baxian diaotai, Dayan, Shimen, etc.

natural environment

Geology and geomorphology

The reserve is located to the east of Shaoxing Jiangshan deep fault zone. It has an ancient history, which was bred in the Mesozoic Jurassic and has a history of about 200 million years.

Jiulong Mountain is characterized by steep mountains, high peaks, remnant planation surface at the top of the mountain, wide distribution of gravity slope landform, and closed small terrain environment, etc. The main peak is surrounded by 28 peaks with an altitude of more than 1500m and 25 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000m.

climatic conditions

Jiulongshan has a humid monsoon climate in the middle subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, suitable light and high relative humidity. In the area, there are undulating mountains, ravines and vast sea of clouds. The complex terrain constitutes a rich and diverse climate environment. The climate conditions of Jiulongshan Nature Reserve are summarized, which are characterized by vertical zonation, obvious rainy season and dry season, strong wind at the top of the mountain, complex climate change and great difference between the north and south slopes.

soil

There are three soil types in this area: red soil, yellow soil and paddy soil. The characteristics of soil development are significant aluminum enrichment and rapid transformation of organic matter. The clay minerals are mainly hydrated kaolin and gibbsite, and the humus composition is dominated by fulvic acid; the soil layer is deep, the clay is coarse and loose, acid reaction, and rich in organic matter, total nitrogen and potassium.

hydrology

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is the catchment area of Wuxi River tributary of Qiantang River water system. The mountain stream is controlled by NE-SW and NE direction of structural line. The whole water system is feathered, forming "Jiuji Liugou", flowing into Maoyang River, zhougongyuan and bilongyuan from east to west, then converging with Hunanzhen reservoir and flowing into Wuxi River in the upper reaches of Qiantang River.

Jiulong is rich in landscape resources, with good water quality and high dissolved oxygen content. According to the monitoring of environmental protection department, it meets the national class I standard.

vegetation

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is one of the best preserved areas in East China. In particular, 600 hm2 native vegetation is very rare in the high density population and economically developed areas of eastern China. Because of the large altitude difference and the obvious vertical climate variation, the vegetation in Jiulongshan Nature Reserve shows the typical characteristics of evergreen broad-leaved forest, at the same time, there is a relatively complete vertical band spectrum series. The vegetation in the reserve can be divided into 5 vegetation types, including coniferous forest (34.9%), coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (20.2%), broad-leaved forest (38.7%), bamboo forest (0.4%) and shrub (5.0%), 11 vegetation types, 32 formations, 39 formations and 44 formations.

natural resources

Forest resources

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is rich in forest resources. According to the latest class II survey of forest resources, the total land area of the nature reserve is 5525 hectares, including 5458.0 hectares of forest land, accounting for 98.8%; 67.0 hectares of non forest land, accounting for 1.2%. The forest coverage rate of the whole reserve is 98.8%. The total volume of living trees in the reserve is 318400 cubic meters, including 317200 cubic meters of stand volume and 61.5 cubic meters per hectare of stand area. There are 50500 moso bamboo trees in the area, with 1822 bamboo trees per hectare per unit area.

plant resources

The geographical location of the middle subtropical zone, the warm and humid climate conditions and the complex terrain environment make Jiulongshan Nature reserve a confluence of North and South plants, and also a refuge for many ancient relict plants. The plant species are very rich, and the flora presents the characteristics of North-South transition and east-west succession. According to the investigation, there are 804 species of non vascular plants belonging to 384 genera in the reserve, including 436 species of bryophytes belonging to 185 genera in 65 families, 159 species of lichens belonging to 58 genera and 209 species of macrofungi belonging to 101 genera in 38 families in 13 orders. There are 1569 species of vascular plants (pteridophytes and seed plants) belonging to 684 genera and 179 families, among which 227 species belong to 73 genera and 35 families of pteridophytes and 1342 species belong to 611 genera and 144 families of seed plants, accounting for 80.4% of the families, 52.9% of the genera and 41.4% of the species of seed plants in Zhejiang Province.

In this area, there are boleshu and Taxus chinensis var. mairei, as well as 16 national second-class protected plants, such as Fokienia hodginsii, Taxus chinensis, Torreya grandis, Torreya grandis, Phoebe bournei, Castanea henryi, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia officinalis, Ailanthus tomentosa, xiangguoshu, arachnoid calyx, Ulmus pumila and Zelkova schneideriana.

Jiulongshan region is also the origin of 40 plant type specimens, such as Torreya grandis, Ilex mongolicus, Sedum roseum, Impatiens balsamina, Dryopteris Dryopteris and Hosta Hosta.

Jiulongshan Nature Reserve

In addition, there are 15 Chinese endemic genera and rare and endangered plants, such as Euonymus japonicus, Lonicera japonica, Phellodendron breviscapus, Euonymus japonicus, Tsuga chinensis, pseudohermaphroditic Magnolia Ledong, etc.

Animal resources

The excellent forest ecological environment of the nature reserve provides good conditions for wildlife habitat and reproduction. According to the investigation, there are 681 species of invertebrates belonging to 491 genera of 114 families, including 587 species of insects belonging to 443 genera of 93 families of 16 orders and 94 species of spiders belonging to 48 genera of 21 families. There are 311 species belonging to 202 genera, 90 families, 29 orders of vertebrates, including 25 species belonging to 20 genera, 8 families, 3 orders of fishes, 34 species belonging to 13 genera, 8 families, 2 orders of amphibians, 49 species belonging to 30 genera, 9 families, 3 orders of reptiles, 145 species belonging to 93 genera, 35 families, 13 orders of birds and 61 species belonging to 47 genera, 22 families, 8 orders of mammals. Amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals accounted for 77.3%, 59.8%, 30.2% and 60.6% of the total in Zhejiang Province, respectively.

There are five national first-class protected animals in this area, such as clouded leopard, leopard, black muntjac, yellow bellied horned pheasant and white necked long tailed pheasant, and 40 national second-class protected animals, such as macaque, Macaca mulatta, pangolin, jackal, black bear, big Lingmao, little Lingmao, golden cat, hyenase, gazelle, mandarin duck, crested cuckoo falcon, kite, Yan falcon, kestrel, Grass Owl, collar owl, Silver Pheasant, blue winged thrush, giant salamander and tiger frog There are also a large number of provincial key protected animals. Jiulongshan is also the origin of five species of animal type specimens, such as Rana jiulongensis.

In particular, Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is the most important distribution center and the largest wild population of black muntjac, a national first-class protected animal and a world-wide threatened species unique to China. It is also one of the most important habitats and the most concentrated distribution areas of Tragopan, another world-wide threatened national first-class protected animal. Jiulongshan Nature Reserve is the intersection of the distribution of the two endangered species, the south edge of the distribution center of black muntjac and the north edge of the distribution center of yellow bellied horned pheasant.

Landscape resources

In the nature reserve, the exotic peaks, waterfalls, cliffs and rocks are integrated with the mottled flowers, grasses and ancient trees. The scenic spots are beautiful, the birds sing and the flowers smell, the summer is not hot, and the scenery is myriad. The tourism resources are unique and rich.

Jiulong Mountain is tall and straight, with deep and winding ravines, steep cliffs, isolated peaks and towering mountains. The main scenic spots are: Jiulong Yangtian, Cai Xiangyan, eighteen Arhats, monkey party, immortal footprints, Sizhou LAN, big and small bells and drums, Bangchui stone, Jinjiao chair, etc.

Due to the complex terrain and steep mountains, there are many waterfalls, pools and other scenic spots in the area, such as Jiulong waterfall, Jiulong stream, Longmen waterfall and so on. In particular, the Nine Dragon Waterfall is magnificent. The nine waterfalls are connected with nine pools. They are like wild horses galloping and galloping. There are also many scenic spots, because of the dense forest cover, can not see at a glance, but need to twists and turns gradually explore.

The forest is the foundation of the whole ecotourism. The vast green forest sea of Jiulong, the thousands long corridor of monkey head and cuckoo winding along the hillock, the ancient and magical mystery of "savage", the ever-changing monkeys and ginseng on the cliff

Chinese PinYin : Jiu Long Shan Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu