Wangyoufang site

Located 400 meters northeast of wangyoufang village, Yongcheng City, it is an old Yellow River silted mound with an area of about 10000 square meters. The thickness of the cultural layer in this area is generally more than 3 meters. Except for the thin disturbing layer or Han Dynasty layer in some places, most of them are under the topsoil, that is, the remains of the late Longshan Culture in Henan Province. The site is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level.

Wangyoufang site

Wangyoufang ancient cultural site,

Located 400 meters northeast of Wangyou village, Xucheng Town, Yongcheng City, it is an old Yellow River silt covered mound, covering an area of 10000 square meters. The thickness of cultural layer is generally more than 3 meters. Except for a few places with thin disturbed soil layer or Han Dynasty layer, most of them are the late Longshan Culture Heritage in Henan Province under the topsoil. In 1977, the Luoyang Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences excavated 11 foundations, 25 ash pits and 14 tombs, and unearthed a large number of pottery and stone, bone mussels and horn wares of the late Longshan period. These excavations show that human ancestors lived on this land more than 4000 years ago, and developed agriculture, fishing and hunting, and handicraft industry. These are important materials for the study of Chinese primitive culture and Xia culture. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in China.

brief introduction

Wangyoufang site is located 400 meters to the north of wangyoufang village, Xicheng Town, southwest of Yongcheng city. It is adjacent to Huihe River in the East. The surrounding terrain is flat. It is the silted land of the old Yellow River flooding area. The site is isolated and slightly higher than the ground. Zaolutai site is located at the south end of zanchengji, the government residence of zancheng town. The existing high platform is 54 meters long, 34 meters wide and about 7 meters high. The cultural layer is 8-9 meters thick. The upper layer is the accumulation of Shang Dynasty, and the lower layer is the late Longshan culture site in Henan Province. From 1976 to 1977, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the cultural relics management committee of Shangqiu region investigated and excavated wangyoufang site, zaolutai site, heigudui site, shuandian site and Zhaozhuang site in Yongcheng City, guzikeng site, Banta village site in Shangqiu City and dinggudui site in Ningling County three times. A large number of painted pottery culture, Longshan culture or Shang culture sites were found.

explore

In the wangyoufang cultural site, three children's bodies were buried in the East-West wall of one house, with the head facing east in the same direction as the wall; the door of the other house opened to the south, with three adult skeletons buried under the foundation in the northeast of the house, with the forehead cut off, the head north and the foot south, and one child's body buried near the southwest corner of the south wall, with the head facing east. In archaeology, it is not uncommon to find that animals (pigs, dogs), mussels, young children or adults were used to lay foundations in building houses. This shows that in the process of building houses in the primitive society, people not only used the sun to choose the location, but also used the method of sacrifice to ensure the safety of houses, so as to rectify their position, build their houses and secure their houses. This is the embodiment of an ancient concept of Feng Shui.

Wangyoufang is about two kilometers away from zaolutai. This area turned out to be a large mound. In the 1970s, local people found black soil on this mound. People thought that the black soil was a good material for composting, so people began to dig mounds for composting. The production team padded the pond to fertilize the soil. Sometimes private building a house, pile a wall, do not brick, also pull this soil. At that time, people did not know that the black soil they pulled away was actually the ash pit filling left by the ancients with high cultural value. There are old knives, swords and so on. The earthen jar has a small mouthful. It's all thrown away, and no one left it. It's a lot to dig out.

Because this site is close to wangyoufang village, according to the established principle, it is named wangyoufang site. In 1977, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of social sciences began to excavate the wangyoufang site and unearthed a large number of cultural relics.

The main utensils unearthed at that time were flat bottomed pots and pans, which were the kind of cooking utensils. He Xiang is also a cooking utensil for cooking. At that time, it used blue pattern, checkered pattern and rope pattern. Every mouth has its own characteristics.

Now, a part of the cultural relics unearthed in wangyoufang site are preserved in Shangqiu Museum, which has obvious characteristics compared with other Longshan cultural relics.

significance

Archaeology has proved that more than 4000 years ago, the ancestors of primitive tribes began to exchange their civilization with each other, and people began to stride forward to the threshold of civilized society. One is its local characteristics, and there are some similarities with Shandong Longshan culture. It seems that ancient people have the purpose of mutual exchange and integration, so it is designated as Henan Longshan culture. In the wangyoufang site, archaeologists also found 11 ancient house foundations. The house foundation excavated at that time was a square conjoined house foundation with adobe walls, which was rare and advanced in the cultural types of the same period at that time.

More than 4000 years ago, our ancestors lived here. They worked at sunrise and stopped at sunset. They moved along the river to places with more food. According to historical records, the period of Longshan Culture in Henan is the period of emperor and Emperor Yao. At this time, Yin Qi, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, and his descendants were active in the east of Henan. After several hundred years of historical changes, Tang, the descendant of Yin Qi, eliminated the Xia Dynasty and established the Shang Dynasty, which finally brought the Shang tribe into its most glorious era. Now, the site of wangyoufang is named "wangyoufang type" by the archaeologists, which has become a common term in the national archaeologists when they study ancient culture. In 2006, the wangyoufang site was declared as a national cultural relic protection unit by the State Council. Although the site has become flat, its glory in history has been forever written in the annals of history.

There is a special type of wangyoufang ancient culture in the field of historiography. We can see the importance. Li keting, a famous expert in Shangqiu cultural circles, said: "the civilization of wangyoufang is the dawn of the civilization of Shang and Song dynasties." At present, it is the earliest in Eastern Henan and its surrounding areas. According to the C 14 dating of the Institute of Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the wangyoufang site was dated from 2580 to 2140 BC, that is, from the 24th century BC to the 22nd century BC. Divination bones and traces of fire were found in the wangyoufang site, which was the result of divination by the ancients at that time. Some experts speculate that this place may be one of the places where the early Shang kings lived in nomadic tribes.

Address: Wangyou village, Lema Township, Yongcheng City, Henan Province

Longitude: 115.66757324219

Latitude: 34.393209160545

Tel: 0375-65233618

Ticket information: adult ticket 10 yuan, student ticket 5 yuan

Opening hours: 7:30-17:00

Chinese PinYin : Wang You Fang Yi Zhi