Daqinggou National Nature Reserve

There is a 24 km long desert gully in the sand sea in the west of the vast Horqin grassland. The trees are lush and the flowers are in full bloom; at the bottom of the ditch, tens of thousands of gurgling springs converge into a long stream, clear and transparent. On both sides of the ditch, there are many trees and grasses, evergreen trees and deciduous trees coexist, trees and shrubs are mixed, flowers and green grass alternate, streams and sand depend on each other. This is known as the green pearl of Horqin Sand desert desert wonders - Daqinggou National Nature Reserve. It is located in kezuohou banner, 200 kilometers away from Shenyang and 80 kilometers away from Tongliao City, with a total area of 125000 mu.

Daqinggou National Nature Reserve

Daqinggou National Nature Reserve is located in the west of Horqin grassland in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Daqinggou is more than 200 meters wide and 50 meters deep, with a total length of about 24 kilometers and a total area of 8183 hectares. Daqinggou Provincial Nature Reserve was established in Inner Mongolia in 1980. Daqinggou Nature Reserve mainly aims to protect the natural precious broad-leaved mixed forest and the native forest ecosystem of Horqin sandy land.

Historical evolution

In 1952, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia established a forest protection station here, and then successively changed it into a seed collecting station and a management office. In 1958, the forest protection station was designated as a state-owned forest farm.

In 1980, the state farm was designated as a provincial nature reserve by the government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1988, the reserve was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

geographical environment

Geology and geomorphology

The geological structure of the Reserve belongs to the proluvial sand subsidence zone of the Xiliao River, and the surface layer is composed of millet calcareous soil and aeolian sand. The surface shows uneven dune grass landform.

climate

The annual average temperature is 5.6 ℃ and the average precipitation is 450mm, mainly in July and August. The annual evaporation is 1900-2000mm, which is more than four times of the annual precipitation. There are 145 frost free days in the whole year, long and cold winter, dry and windy in spring and autumn, and the number of windy days per year can reach 50-70 days.

river system

In the ravine of the nature reserve, numerous springs are formed due to the underground seepage water, which converges into streams to form rivers. The water surface is 2-4 meters wide and the water depth is about 1 meter. The annual average flow is 0.9 cubic meters per second, and about 30 million cubic meters flow into Liuhe River, a tributary of Liaohe River every year.

vegetation

The vegetation types in the reserve are divided into 6 vegetation types and 23 formations from the bottom to the edge of the gully. The vegetation types include forest, shrub, grassland, sandy land, meadow and marsh.

soil

The soil in the nature reserve can be divided into three types: the first is aeolian sandy soil, which is mainly distributed in the gully slope and most areas on the gully; the second is meadow soil, which is mainly distributed in the alluvial beach and the lower part of the gully slope at the bottom of Daqinggou and xiaoqinggou; the third is swamp soil, which is mainly distributed along the river at the bottom of Daqinggou and xiaoqinggou.

Regional scope

Daqinggou National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia is located in Daqinggou forest farm, Ganqika Town, Keerqin left wing rear banner. Its geographical coordinates are 122 ° 07 ′ 25 ″ - 122 ° 15 ′ 42 ″ in the East and 42 ° 43 ′ 40 ″ - 42 ° 49 ′ 18 ″ in the north. The total area is 8183 hectares, and the core area is 1322.4 hectares, accounting for 16.16% of the total area of the reserve. The buffer zone covers an area of 2082.2 hectares, accounting for 25.45% of the total area of the reserve. The experimental area is 4778.4 hectares, accounting for 58.39% of the total area of the nature reserve.

Protection target

Protected objects

The main protected objects of the reserve are natural precious broad-leaved mixed forest and native forest ecosystem in Horqin sandy land.

Biological resources

Botany

There are 528 species of pteridophytes and seed plants in Daqinggou Nature Reserve. The main tree species are Fraxinus mandshurica, huangpineapple, Huangyu, Juglans mandshurica and Toona sinensis. There are more than 200 kinds of medicinal plants, such as Acanthopanax senticosus, Phellodendron amurense, honeysuckle, Gastrodia elata, Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Pulsatilla and Saposhnikovia. There are 30 or 40 kinds of ornamental plants. There are 709 species, 359 genera and 106 families in the flora of Inner Mongolia Plateau, Yanshan Mountains and Changbai Mountains, including 122 woody species and 587 herbaceous species. Second class national key protected plants: Fraxinus mandshurica, Tilia amurensis and pineapple.

animal

There are fox, chipmunk, otter, wolf and hare, kite, vulture, sparrow hawk, red footed falcon, cucumber falcon, kestrel, Falcon, longitudinal bellied owl, red horned owl, long eared owl and other wild animals in the reserve.

The data above are as of 2013 < / I

Development and utilization

Daqinggou tourism project is unique. On the premise of not damaging the ecological environment and the original style, it has developed and completed the projects of rafting exploration, desert roaming, grassland horse racing, folk customs and so on.

In 1993, a tourism development company was established in Daqinggou Nature Reserve to develop the tourism industry. In 2004, it was rated as national AAAA scenic spot by the national "scenic spot quality evaluation committee".

ecological value

Daqinggou is rich in animal and plant resources, and 709 species of plants have been found. Due to the well preserved forest ecosystem, a variety of animals and birds live and breed here. The original and intact natural ecological condition of Daqinggou and Daqinggou area is the result of the joint action of crustal movement, climate change, ecological evolution, human activities and other factors for hundreds of millions of years. It is a very valuable natural heritage.

The original natural landscape of the reserve has great historical and practical significance for the study of ancient vegetation, paleoclimate and animal and plant resources in northern China.

Address: Southwest of kezuohou banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia

Longitude: 122.185637

Latitude: 42.823327

Tel: 0475-5582166

Ticket information: 50 yuan / person

Chinese PinYin : Da Qing Gou Guo Jia Ji Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu