Charcili

Xiaershili nature reserve is a national nature reserve. It is located at the northern foot of alatao mountain in Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is adjacent to Hariturege forest farm in the southwest and south, bordering on the Republic of Kazakhstan with alatao mountain ridge in the north and alataokou city in the East. Its geographical location is 81 ° 43 ′ 09 ″ - 82 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ E and 45 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ n It is 66 km long from east to west, 25 km wide from north to south, and covers an area of 314 square kilometers. It is composed of three parts: the west section of the baorde River, the east section of the jiangbasi River and the middle section of the border corridor connecting the two areas. It mainly protects forests and wild animals and plants.

Charhili Nature Reserve

synonym

Charsili is generally referred to as the charsili nature reserve

Sharsili, for Mongolian, means "yellow hillside". It is a newly added Nature Reserve in Xinjiang, with a total area of 31400 hectares (314 square kilometers), of which the western part is the middle and high mountain zone, with an area of 22000 hectares; the central part is the middle and low mountain zone, with an area of 3600 hectares, which is the natural corridor connecting the East and west parts, so as to maintain the integrity of the natural environment in the region; the eastern part is the low mountain and desert plain Gobi zone, with a total area of 5800 hectares.

geographical position

Xiaershili nature reserve is a national nature reserve. It is located at the northern foot of alatao mountain in Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is adjacent to Hariturege forest farm in the southwest and south, bordering on the Republic of Kazakhstan with alatao mountain ridge in the north and alataokou city in the East. Its geographical location is 81 ° 43 ′ 09 ″ - 82 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ E and 45 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ n It is 66 km long from east to west, 25 km wide from north to south, and covers an area of 314 square kilometers. It is composed of three parts: the west section of the baorde River, the east section of the jiangbasi River and the middle section of the border corridor connecting the two areas. It mainly protects forests and wild animals and plants.

Introduction

Xinbei District of Xinjiang Xiaerxili Nature Reserve was originally a disputed area between China and Kazakhstan. In 1998, the supplementary provisions of Sino Kazakhstan boundary survey put it under the jurisdiction of China. Only then did Xiaerxili return to China completely. Due to the long-term military dispute zone, there are few personnel activities, and the natural resources here are well preserved. In order to better protect this pure land, the officers and soldiers of the Bortala Army division in Xinjiang have been shouldering the heavy responsibility of guarding the peace of the border for a long time, striving to be the "ecological guards" of sharhili.

geographical environment

Located in the northern mountainous area of Bole City, Xinjiang, xiaersili covers an area of 220 square kilometers, with an altitude of 1210-3670 meters. It has a temperate continental climate, with many gullies and rich water resources. There are more than 10 species of plants in this area, including Astragalus mongholicus, Saussurea involucrata, Arnebia euchroma and national second level key protected animals. The vegetation of alpine meadow in alpine zone is well developed, and the shady slope of middle and low mountain zone is the forest steppe zone dominated by Picea schrenkiana, with a forest area of about 7200 hectares. The shady slope is a shrub grass type grassland zone, which mainly includes Lonicera japonica Thunb, Lycium barbarum L., Artemisia spp. In the whole area, the forest and grass vegetation grow luxuriantly, and the total vegetation coverage area accounts for about 97%.

Ecological resources

There are more than 40 species of national key protected wildlife, including Saiga antelope, North goat, argali, brown bear, snow leopard, and more than 300 species of terrestrial animals and birds, among which Saiga antelope is the most precious. In the past, it was in the Sino Kazakhstan (former Soviet Union) border dispute area for a long time, both sides implemented strict military control, basically no human activities, and the ecology of the reserve was in a primitive natural state.

At present, there are 1676 species of higher plants in the reserve, accounting for 51% of the total number of known higher plants in Xinjiang. There are 221 species of vertebrates, 420 species of insects and 143 species of macrofungi. The biodiversity is extremely rich. It is the concentrated distribution area of rare biological species in China, known as "China's last clean land and rare natural gene pool."

The vegetation is an important part of land vegetation in China, and its occurrence and formation are closely related to the environment of the region. Located in the northwest of China, the xiaershili region is just located in the center of Eurasia. The natural geography has changed for several times, resulting in the contact, mixing and specialization of various flora. Affected by Central Asia, Mongolia and Siberia, the transition is obvious, the biological population is diverse, and the vegetation composition is diverse from lower plants to higher plants. There are 1676 species of wild plants in Xiaerxili nature reserve, belonging to 513 genera of 81 families. Among them, there are rare orchids such as Red Gate orchid and spotted leaf orchid, and more than 60 species of national key protected plants such as Astragalus mongholicus, snow lotus, Lithospermum, Haloxylon ammodendron, licorice and Cistanche deserticola. There are also many plant resources such as edible, medicinal, ornamental, aromatic, sand fixation, honey source and fiber plants, among which there are many According to the preliminary investigation, there are about 179 species of terrestrial animals and birds in the reserve, among which 35 species are under the state key protection: snow leopard, North goat, brown bear, lynx, red deer, argali, goshawk, grassland eagle, snow chicken, eagle owl, short eared owl, etc. The reserve is a natural distribution area of rare and endangered wild animals and plants. At the same time, it is also an important place for birds to migrate, breed and overwinter in northwest Xinjiang of China, becoming a unique biological gene treasure house in China.

Territorial disputes

The reserve was originally a disputed area between China and the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the supplementary provisions on Sino Kazakh border signed by China and Kazakhstan on July 4, 1998, the fourth group of Sino Kazakh boundary survey entered the area from May 1999 to September 1999 and assigned 22000 hectares of the sharshiri area and 5800 hectares of the Alashankou area to China. In June 2000, an autonomous region level nature reserve was established with the approval of the new policy letter (2000) No. 130 document of the people's Government of the autonomous region, covering an area of 220 square kilometers and 15 authorized personnel. On March 3, 2005, with the consent of the people's Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 58 square kilometers of the 64 square kilometers (excluding 6 square kilometers of roads and railways) in Alashankou and 36 square kilometers of the business area of Hariturege forest farm in Bozhou, which is connected with the Xiaerxili nature reserve, were included in the Xiaerxili nature reserve. The geographical coordinates of the reserve are between 81 ° 43 ′ 09 ″ - 82 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ E and 45 ° 07 ′ 43 ″ - 45 ° 23 ′ 15 ″ n. The total area of the reserve is 31400 hectares. There is no economic activity or permanent population in the area, only the local border garrison. There is no inhabitant and no man-made production and business activities in the xiaershili nature reserve. Along the border, there are border garrisons, 15 staff members (households) in the reserve, and 10 supervisors, with a total population of 46.

Biological protection

There are snow mountains, alpine meadows, mountain forests, Gobi desert and other landform types in the territory. The ecological population distribution is also affected by the flora of Central Asia, Mongolia and Siberia. It is a concentrated distribution area of a variety of rare wild animals and plants, with high protection value.

Although it is not open to the outside world, some tourists are always attracted to it. The fragile ecological environment urgently needs to be protected.

In order to protect this "last pure land", the officers and soldiers of Xinjiang Bortala military division stationed at the foot of alatao mountain all the year round incline the focus of front-line control to the sharxili area, set up fixed duty points, temporary duty points and checkpoints, and adopt the way of crossing patrol, lurking and interception, so as to improve the ability of front-line control. At the same time, the officers and soldiers also regard maintaining the ecological balance here as their unshirkable responsibility. Every time they are on duty, they should educate herdsmen and front-line construction workers on border laws and regulations, publicize the common sense of wildlife protection, and volunteer to rescue wild animals and plants. They are affectionately known as the patron saint of sharhiri by local herdsmen.

Sino Kazakhstan diplomacy

In the second round of Sino Kazakhstan border talks, China abandoned the Gobi desert of more than 100 square kilometers in the north of Alashankou, which was already under the actual control of the Soviet Union, in exchange for Kazakhstan to hand over its actual control of the sharsili region to China, which should be said to be a diplomatic victory. Charsili is a typical alpine forest steppe landform with beautiful scenery. Now it is a National Nature Reserve (handed over in 2003).

It's a paradise for many photography lovers.

Address: north foot of alatao mountain in Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Longitude: 82.0662

Latitude: 44.905602

Chinese PinYin : Xia Er Xi Li