Former site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay

The French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay was built in 1903. Facing Guangzhou Bay, the building has three floors. The first floor is the basement. The arc-shaped steps of the main entrance can lead directly to the second floor. The front of the second and third floors have European style flower railings. The bell tower is built above the third floor. The interior of the French embassy is spacious and bright, with fireplaces and decorative doors and windows. It is a typical French architectural style. The French Minister's office used to be the highest ruling organ of the leased land of Guangzhou Bay in France, but now it is the witness of Zhanjiang's 100 year history. The site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay is very close to Times Square. You can visit it together.

French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay

synonym

The former site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay generally refers to the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay

The French Embassy of Guangzhou Bay is located in Haibin Road, Xiashan district. It was built in 1903, with concrete structure and Gothic doors and windows. The building area is 800 square meters. From its establishment to 1945, the French envoy's office of Guangzhou Bay leased land was located here. Zhanjiang municipal government from 1946 to 1949 and Zhanjiang Municipal People's government from 1950 to 1954 were also set up here. It is a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

Architectural features

The former site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay is a concrete building with three floors (including basement), with a total area of 1902 square meters. The first floor is treated as a base (basement), and the clock tower is built on more than three floors. The main entrance is an arc-shaped step, which leads directly to the second floor. There are two small arc-shaped steps on both sides. There are European style flower fence corridors in front of the second and third floors. The room is spacious with fireplace and decorative doors and windows. With distinctive modern western architectural style, it is a witness of the century old history of Guangzhou Bay Zhanjiang City and an important cultural relic for the education of modern history and patriotism. It was approved and announced as a cultural relic protection unit of Zhanjiang City in 1986 and a cultural relic protection unit of Guangdong Province in 2002. It was officially transferred to Zhanjiang Museum for management and use at the end of 2002.

In May 2013, it was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical summary

Zhanjiang, with a long history, is the largest city in western Guangdong. Because it is close to the sea, it was ruled by western countries in modern times.

In 1899, Zhanjiang City was "leased" by France. At that time, it was called "Guangzhou Bay". Foreign trade flourished for a time. In 1943, Guangzhou Bay was occupied by Japanese army.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, Guangzhou Bay returned to China and was named Zhanjiang.

The city without memory is superficial. It should be said that the rudiment of Zhanjiang City began after it became a French leased land. The historical buildings left behind outline the growth path of Zhanjiang for us. The buildings of different periods keep the memory of the city, and these real historical images give infinite enlightenment to future generations.

During the period of French rule in Zhanjiang (i.e. Guangzhou Bay period), western architecture was introduced into Xiashan, and a number of modern buildings with European characteristics appeared. Although they were constructed by Zhanjiang people, they were designed by the French. Therefore, the buildings were completely westernized, reflecting the popular architectural style in France at that time. These French architectural relics have become precious "fossils" to understand the history of Zhanjiang.

Historical evolution

The former site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay is located at Haibin 1st Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang City. It was built in 1903. It is a reinforced concrete two-story building with a basement.

Facing Guangzhou Bay, this building was the highest ruling organ of the leased land of Guangzhou Bay in France.

On November 16, 1899, France forced the Qing government to sign the "Canton Bay concession treaty" and leased the land to France for 99 years.

After that, French envoys were stationed in the building to rule the leased land.

In August 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Chinese government took back the Canton Bay and set up Zhanjiang City according to the Sino French Treaty on Canton Bay settlement, ending France's 46 year rule in Canton Bay.

In 1946, Zhanjiang municipal government was established and stationed in the former site. In the early days of the liberation of Zhanjiang City, the people's Government of Zhanjiang City was also stationed here. The site is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

The former site of the French Embassy in Guangzhou Bay, after a hundred years of vicissitudes, was officially opened to the general public during the Spring Festival in 2003. It is located in Haibin Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, formerly known as gongshitang. It was built in 1903. It was originally the seat of the French ruling authority in China's Canton Bay concession after 1899 (the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu). From 1943 to 1945, he was the headquarters of Japanese occupation army in Guangzhou Bay. After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, on September 21, the government of the Republic of China took back Guangzhou Bay to build Zhanjiang City, where the municipal government once stationed. After the liberation of Zhanjiang in 1949, the Municipal People's government also stationed here.

The site is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province, and officially handed over to Zhanjiang Museum for management and use at the end of 2002.

historical event

The whole story of three migrations of "Guangzhou Bay Office"

On February 21, 1898 (March 7, 1898), under the pretext that Britain, Russia, Germany and other countries had concessions in China's coastal areas, France sent a note to the Yamen of the Prime Minister of the Qing Dynasty to "set up a pontoon house in southern province.". Under the pressure of the French government, the Qing government agreed to the four demands of the French government on March 30, 1898 (April 10, 1898), and agreed to lease the Guangzhou Bay in the southern Sandu of Wuchuan county to France as a place for stopping ships and barging coal for a period of 99 years. The scope of the concession was to be negotiated after the survey of the area.

"Dongying" establishes Guangzhou Bay General Office

After getting the reply from the Qing government, the French government rented the Canton Bay in the southern Sandu as a place to stop ships and barges. Without waiting for the two governments to assign representatives to determine the scope of the concession, it could not wait to start first. On the third day of March in the 24th year of Guangxu (April 22, 1898), the French government dispatched three warships from Vietnam coast defense, namely, the bakangge, the commander of the Far East fleet, lieutenant general jigot de la bidaoer, to lead the attack Under the pretext of berthing boats and tunning coal, the two ships invaded Guangzhou Bay and landed on the beaches of Leixi village, Shatou village, shayao village and Lizhou village in Tiantou Town, Wuchuan County, Gaozhou Prefecture at that time, and anchored near the fort of Guangzhou Bay. The commander of the Far East fleet sent a telegram to the French government. On April 22, 1898, the French warship raised the French flag on a abandoned fort on the Leizhou Peninsula, Southeast of Guangzhou Bay. Then the French army hung the signboard of "South Camp of China" on the fort of Guangzhou Bay, then saluted 21 guns and built tents around the fort, intending to expand northward through Guangzhou Bay and occupy more Chinese territory. The French army built a fort in hongkanling near Jinghai palace to build "South Camp of China".

After the signing of the Treaty of Canton Bay concession by the corrupt and incompetent Qing government, in May 1898, the French invaders established the Canton Bay general office in MAXIE, Wuchuan county (now in Potou District of Zhanjiang City), and changed MAXIE to "Dongying". The French army burned houses, leveled farmland, occupied mountains and flattened Mausoleums in ma'i, which aroused public indignation. Villagers Chen Yuelong and Chen zhuxuan held a meeting with Ma Xie Zhang Kui Kai in the Sanjia ancestral temple, decided to develop Ma Xie militia, and set up the headquarters in the Marquis Temple of Ma Xie. On the fifth day of May 1901, the masses celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival one day earlier. Before dawn, they cooked in the temple of marquis king. After dinner, more than 1000 people, armed with shields, knives and forks, hoes and sticks, surrounded "Dongying", Guangzhou Bay general office and hongkanling French military Camp (South Camp) in Guangzhou Bay before the French army woke up and held demonstrations to protest and demand that they leave the sea. The war of resistance against France broke out in Majiao, southern Sandu, and the French army was forced to move.

Guangzhou Bay Office first moved to Potou

Forced by the indignation of the people in Guangzhou Bay, the French aggressors had no choice but to move the general office of Guangzhou Bay from Ma Xie to Potou. Around the San Jia temple, Guangzhou Bay general office building, barracks, hospital (now in the courtyard of Potou Town People's Government), French School (now in the courtyard of Potou primary school) and French public bureau (now in the former site of Potou health center) were built. At that time, the Potou militia set up the "people's self-help Association" in the Sanjia temple, so that there was a headquarters of aggression and anti aggression in Potou during the past ten years. One day in 1902, the "people's self-help Association" gathered in Sanjia temple and started to dig gouwei bridge and lengtang culvert in the middle of the night, which cut off the road traffic of the French invaders.

French Navy landing in haitouxun

In order to further expand, the French aggressors planned to occupy the whole Leizhou Peninsula and even Hainan Island. On June 19, 1898, three French warships, the bakange, the assault and the lion, landed at haitouxun, Suixi County, Leizhou prefecture (now Xiashan District, Zhanjiang City). 500 French soldiers quickly occupied haitouxun fort. At the landing point, banyan tree hung the French flag, built the Golden Rooster monument, built the barracks, fought Pingle and attacked Nanliu. After the French invaders occupied Guangzhou Bay, they burned, killed and plundered everywhere. According to the records of Guangzhou Bay near affairs, volume 106 of Zhi Xin Bao in the 24th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, "after the French army landed, countless people were raped and abused by them. Those who do not follow will die. The local people in the neighborhood hate it to the bone. " On July 11, Guangxu 24, Changyan Bao said: "from (legal person) to Suixi County, haitouxun set up a flag and captured people's cattle and horses. Because the local people did not sell food, they went into the market in a rage and arrested ten villagers to the boat. " After occupying Naozhou Island, Dongdao island and guanzhouwan village, the French army set up barracks in Haitou and Shawan. The number of troops increased to 1200, and stepped up its attack on the hinterland of Suixi County. The barbarism of the French aggressors aroused Nanliu, Baoman, huanglue

Chinese PinYin : Guang Zhou Wan Fa Guo Gong Shi Shu Jiu Zhi