Great Bear Mountain National Forest Park

Daxiongshan, located in the central part of Hunan Province, belongs to Xinhua County, Loudi City. It is said that it is the birthplace of Chiyou. On July 8, 2002, Professor Xia Zhengkai of Peking University identified the teeth and leg bones in the Fanjia cave of Daxiongshan, Xinhua County. He identified one as rhinoceros and the other as bear cat, whose age is more than 10000 years ago. Daxiongshan park has a wide range of species, which is the only species gene treasure house in central Hunan. There are 43 species of rare plants such as Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, calyx wood, etc. protected by the state, and 27 species of rare animals such as clouded leopard, grass bird, red bellied Caragana. In the middle of the Great Bear Mountain, there is a thousand year old Ginkgo biloba, which is surrounded by ten people. It has the beauty of "the king of Ginkgo biloba in China". In autumn, the Great Bear Mountain, the thick green leaves of Acer graminearum and the sea of golden flowers of Acanthopanax rutaecarpa are unforgettable. It is said that after Chiyou was defeated, he led the Jiuli tribe to plant plum trees, azaleas and maple trees. Therefore, the red maple trees were everywhere in autumn, implying the ancient ancestors' ideal of "plum blossom blossoming in the snow, ushering in the red mountains". Jiulong peak, the highest peak of Great Bear Mountain, is the first peak in central Hunan, with an altitude of 1622 meters.

Hunan Daxiongshan National Forest Park

synonym

Daxiongshan National Forest Park generally refers to Hunan Daxiongshan National Forest Park

Daxiongshan National Forest Park is located in the north of Xinhua County, Loudi City, central Hunan Province. It is more than 70 kilometers away from the county and 62 kilometers away from Xinhua County. The total area of the park is 7623 hectares and the forest coverage rate is 95%. There are Chiyou cultural experience area, Chunji Canyon sightseeing area, great bear mountain climbing area, Chuanyan River primitive exploration area, ecological health resort and forest ecological protection area. There are many species in the park, and it is the only species gene treasure house in central Hunan. There are 43 species of rare plants such as Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis var. mairei and calyx wood under national protection, and 27 species of rare animals such as clouded leopard, grass bird and Caragana korshinskii.

In December 2002, it was upgraded to a national forest park.

In February 2020, to pay tribute to the majority of medical workers, from the end of the epidemic to December 31, 2020, the scenic spot will be open to medical workers all over the country for free.

geographical environment

Location context

Bear Mountain is also known as bear gall mountain and holy mountain. Daxiongshan National Forest Park is located in the north of Xinhua County, bordering Anhua County, more than 70 kilometers away from Xinhua County, with a total area of 7623 hectares.

Geology and geomorphology

Daxiongshan National Forest Park is located in the north wing of Songshan anticline, which belongs to the middle mountain landform in the north of Xuefeng mountain. The altitude is 350-1150.6 meters, from the Cenozoic to the Proterozoic, showing a complete geological evolution process. More than 40 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000 meters make up a grand mountain, which stretches across central Hunan for hundreds of miles. The highest point, Jiulong peak, is 1662 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in central Hunan and stands far away from the lookout tower with an altitude of 1602.15 meters.

hydrology

Daxiongshan National Forest Park belongs to the Huaihe River Basin. The Mayu River and Shiban River in the park flow eastward into Baisha lake. Due to the good vegetation coverage, the water quality of the river is clear and rich in a variety of minerals. In particular, the Longtan River in the park is abundant and deep.

climate

This area belongs to warm temperate monsoon climate with alternating cold and warm air flow and distinct four seasons. Because of the high altitude, the climate in this area is cold and humid. The annual rainfall is 560mm, the average annual temperature is 14.2 ℃, the average sunshine hours is 2297 hours, the frost free period is 225 days, and the annual temperature is more than 0 ℃ for 298 days.

The air negative factor is 67000 per cubic centimeter, and the bacterial content is 31-400 per cubic centimeter.

Resources

Botany

As of 2013, the forest volume of Daxiongshan National Forest Park is 380000 cubic meters, with 1.2 million Phyllostachys pubescens, and the forest coverage rate is 93%. There are more than 2000 hectares of original secondary broad-leaved forest in the original exploration area of chuanyanjiang River in the park, which is the only surviving treasure land in central Hunan with the least human disturbance and contains extremely rich plant resources. There are 1286 species of vascular plants in Hunan Province, including 573 species of woody plants. Among these plants, there are 3 species under the first-class national protection, namely Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Ginkgo biloba, calyx chinensis, 40 species under the second class protection, and there are endangered Lianxiang tree, qianqianliu, Luobai, Tianshi chestnut, etc.

The most amazing is the king of Ginkgo biloba in xiongshan ancient temple, with a crown of 160 square meters, a tree height of 28.5 meters and a tree age of more than 1400 years, which is known as the "king of Ginkgo biloba in China".

animal

As of 2013, there are more than 240 species of wild animals in Daxiongshan National Forest Park, including 59 species of terrestrial vertebrates belonging to 38 families; the main wild animals are badger, baimizi, squirrel, hedgehog, wild boar, rabbit, etc. Among them, there are 3 species under the first level protection, namely clouded leopard, leopard, white necked pheasant, and 24 species under the second level protection.

Main attractions

Xiongshan Temple

Xiongshan temple is located in Jinxiang mountain in the heart of Daxiongshan National Forest Park. It is a religious place for people to worship. The temple is a courtyard style building group with sacrificial hall as the main part and other buildings as the auxiliary part. The courtyard is rectangular, with the gate facing Southeast. There are three buildings in the courtyard, one of which is the main hall, with three small halls, namely Guanyin hall, Shengdi hall and Zhenxian hall, which are used for related statues; the other two buildings are used for staff living. The buildings are bungalows or buildings with red bricks and green tiles.

The temple was first built in the Jin Dynasty. It is said that it is the ancestral hall of Nanyue emperor. Incense flourished in the past dynasties. It was destroyed during the cultural revolution, and only the new wall remains. In 1994, local residents spontaneously raised funds for restoration, but the scale of restoration was too small due to financial difficulties. Shengdi hall, Guanyin hall, Niang hall crowded together. Despite this, the restored xiongshan temple is still favored by pilgrims. Every year, tens of thousands of believers come to the temple to worship and burn incense.

In 2007, xiongshan temple was approved as a key temple in Hunan Province by Hunan Provincial Bureau of religious affairs.

Niangniang hall and 48 Jiao'an

Niangniang hall, also known as old hall or mother hall, is located at the peak of Daxiongshan (Meiling before the Song Dynasty). It is the oldest old nunnery in Chiyou's hometown. Therefore, it naturally became the center of 49 nunneries in Daxiongshan and is called mother hall. The other 48 are located under the four slopes of southeast, northwest and North. They are also called the 48 Jiao'an temples of empress. Among them, 28 are located on the south slope, which is the most numerous and influential area among the four slopes. The 28 temples and nunneries on the south slope are Zhenxian temple, Chiyou ancestral temple, Xixi village Weixin temple, Longshan temple, Zhengjue temple, Changjiu temple, Sanxian temple and Sihai temple, Hongzhu village Gutang temple, Guanyin temple, Guanyin temple and Huilong Temple, Jinzhu temple and Xiquan temple in Jinping work area, Wufeng temple in Jiulong work area, Guanyin Temple in Hengsha village of Baixi town and holy temple in Daxi village Emperor hall, Guanyin hall in chaxi village of Baixi, Leizu hall in Qinghe Village, Jingfo hall in Baixi street, Wulong temple in Luxi cave of Zhenshang Town, Wanghe hall in Yanquan village of Dongfu, Yuxiu temple in Zengjia cave of Zaoxi village, Shuanglong temple in Shenxian village, Guanyin Pavilion in Tongxi village, Puhua temple in Longzhu mountain and Mingxi temple in Huxing mountain of Ganjia village. The nine buildings in Dongpo are Chaoyang temple in hainanxi, Huhe village; Guanyin Temple in niutoujie, Shizhong village; Zen temple in SHINIUSHAN, Jintang village; Huilong Temple in chuanyanjiang, Lizhong work area; Mingxi temple in Jiangjiaping, Dongshi township; Shiqiao temple in niunanshan; Dingxin temple in hongjiaao; Muyang temple in Muyang village; menggong Temple in taotang village. There are also nine in Xipo, namely, Notre Dame hall in jiulongchi, Jianle temple in Lujia village of Baixi, guabang temple in guabangshan of Xin'an village, Xingguo temple in Xiyun mountain of Fangxi village of ronghua Township, Guanyin Temple in Bailong village of ronghua Township, Yaowang temple in Hengxi village and Huilong Temple in yangguling. Guanyin Pavilion in Keqiao, Ronghua Township, and Guanyin Pavilion in Gongtian village, Ronghua township. On the north slope, there are only two, namely, Dashan nunnery in the fur boundary of Lizhong working area and Muyu nunnery in the middle boundary of Lizhong working area. The construction of 49 ancient halls, temples and nunneries can be roughly divided into three periods: before the Song Dynasty, there were three ancient halls, namely, the ancestral hall of Chiyou, the Niangniang Hall of Meiling Ding temple, and the hall of Wulong Pengsheng Zhenxian; in the Ming Dynasty, there were six nunneries, namely, Xiquan temple, Weixin temple, Wohu Pushi Zhengjue temple, Puhua temple, Mingxi temple, and Shiqiao temple The original construction scale of the hall is the largest, with the most assets, and the statues in the hall are also the most complete. The two major temples, Puhua temple and Mingxi temple, have been restored successively in 1989. The remaining 40 temples were built in the Qing Dynasty, with a total of 17 restored or retained, and the remaining 23 are deserted sites.

Meishan Dragon Palace

Meishan Dragon Palace is connected with jiulongfeng and jiulongchi in Daxiongshan. It is a three-story space structure. The cave body has a unique shape and a variety of combinations. It has four floor caves and eight floor tunnels. The tunnel is 2276.1 meters long. The underground river is 854.5 meters long, the upper dry tunnel is 1076.4 meters long, the collapse hall is 225.2 meters long, and the branch tunnel is 120.0 meters long. The tunnel is generally 6-20m wide and 20-100m high. The total area of the cave bottom is 22000 square meters. The landscape in the cave is rich and colorful, with a large number of developed and widely distributed flowing stone landscape, as well as stalagmite and stalactite landscape.

Kowloon pool

Jiulongchi, also known as Qili River, is located at the northern foot of Xuefeng mountain, south of Daxiongshan in Xinhua County

Chinese PinYin : Da Xiong Shan Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan