Ancient city site of Liye

Liye is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain in Hunan Province, where Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces and cities meet. It belongs to Longshan County, Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hunan. Tujia language means to develop this land. As early as 6000 years ago, people lived there. Although it has magical natural scenery and peculiar ethnic customs, its economy and culture have been relatively backward due to the inconvenient transportation. It is a remote town.

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Archaeological site park of Liye ancient city

synonym

Liye ancient city site generally refers to Liye ancient city archaeological site park

Liye ancient city archaeological site park, located in Liye Town, Longshan County, Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Western Hunan, is a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Liye has a long history and profound cultural heritage. Human activities began as early as the Paleolithic age. 2200 years ago, Liye was the seat of Qianling County of Dongting County in the Qin Dynasty. It was an important political, economic and military town at that time. Liye is the only ancient town in Hunan, which not only inherits the culture of Qin and Han Dynasties, but also integrates Bashu culture and Tujia culture. In June 2002, Liye discovered the ancient city ruins from Warring States period to Qin and Han Dynasties, which filled the archaeological gap of the ancient city of Qin and Han Dynasty, especially the ancient city of Qin Dynasty. In particular, more than 37000 pieces of Qin bamboo slips were unearthed, which involved the political, economic, military, cultural and other fields at that time. Its value was comparable with the oracle bone inscriptions in Yin Ruins and Dunhuang documents. It was praised by experts as "Xi'an terracotta warriors in the north and Li in the South" Ye Qin bamboo slips. At the same time, there are weijiazhai ancient city of the Western Han Dynasty, Daban ancient city of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Maicha ancient tomb group, Qingshuiping ancient tomb group of the Western Han Dynasty and Daban ancient tomb group of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Introduction to the ancient city

Liye ancient city archaeological site park is located in Liye ancient city, Longshan County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. It is famous for its 37400 Qin Bamboo Slips Unearthed in 2002.

In June 1985, a group of bricklayer in Liye town dug out some pottery and weapons while digging mud to make soil germ. Since then, the intermittent archaeological excavation of Liye has been opened. On April 17, 2002, in order to cooperate with the construction of Wanmipo hydropower station, an archaeological team organized by Hunan Provincial Institute of archaeology went to Liye for rescue excavation, and the style of Liye ancient city gradually revealed.

Hundreds of ancient tombs and burials have come to light at the same time as the ancient city. The ancient city is built next to the river and close to Youshui, covering an area of more than 10000 square meters. There are rammed earth walls, moats, building sites, and drainage facilities. Many ancient wells are regularly distributed inside and outside the ancient city, forming a complete ancient city system.

Liye National Archaeological Site Park, which was officially opened to the public on October 28, 2010, is a world-famous cultural and tourism brand, including Liye Qin Bamboo Museum, the only special Qin Bamboo Museum in China, and Liye ancient city site, a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Famous scenic spot

ancient city

Liye ancient city of Warring States was built near the river. The ruins include city walls, moats, wells, roads, workshops, management department and poor residential areas. It is 210 meters long from north to South and 120 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 20000 square meters. It was built in the Warring States period and continued to be used in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Ancient square, its shape, structure and layout are very particular, built with city wall moat, from the residential area outside the city and the city's high-specification buildings and the corresponding supporting facilities, such as ceramic sewer, return tile, tube tile, ancient well and bamboo slips, wooden slips, bronze, iron, pottery and stone, mussel, hemp products and a large number of unearthed cultural relics, people's living facilities and military equipment at that time It is quite complete.

Ancient city wall

The north wall and the west wall of the ancient city of Liye are well preserved. The wall is 2 meters high and 24 meters thick at the bottom. It is rammed. The slope protection on both sides of the wall is built with boulders. According to the archaeologists' anatomy of the north wall, the wall was built in the Chu and Qin Dynasties. The first one was a military castle built in the Warring States period, and it didn't take shape until the Qin and Han Dynasties. Outside the ancient city wall, there is a moat 6 meters wide and 3 meters deep, forming a defensive pattern with a city and a pool.

The first well in China

Well No. 1 in the ancient city is called "the first well in China" by archaeologists because of its unique structure and the preservation of more than 30000 Qin bamboo slips. The structure of the well is very elegant. The diameter of the well circle is about 4.2m to 4.5m, the depth is 14.28m, and the well surface is 3M from the ground surface. It is built with 43 layers of wooden boards with tenons. Each board is 2 meters long, 30 cm wide and 15 cm thick. It is built with tenon and mortise structure in layers. The gap between the wooden frame and the shaft wall is filled with green paste mud. The bottom of the well is original cobble. Such a structure and depth of the ancient well in the pre Qin period is the first in China. Since the discovery of the first Qin Bamboo Slips in Jingli on June 3, 2002, more than 30000 Qin bamboo slips with more than 200000 characters have been found in No. 1 well, which is 7.5 times of the total number of Qin Bamboo Slips Unearthed in China in the 20th century. Most of the contents are official archives, involving social, political, military, economic, cultural, ethnic and other aspects at that time. Most of the bamboo slips are from the 27th to 37th year (221 bc-211 BC) of the first emperor of Qin after the unification of China in the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Qin (Gengchen). There are a lot of them in one year, with detailed records of the sun and the moon. They are the most abundant and precious original official documents of Qin Dynasty in China. It fills the blank in the history of Qin Dynasty in the form of vivid characters, and its large amount of historical information will build a new historical framework independently.

Ancient tombs

It includes the Western Han Tombs in Daban and the Warring States tombs in Maicha. After the excavation of the ancient Warring States city in Liye, the ancient site of the Western Han Dynasty and the large-scale tombs of the Han Dynasty were found in Daban village, Liye town. Han Tombs cover an area of more than one square kilometer, with dense chambers and rich tombs. Daban, an ancient city in the Western Han Dynasty, is surrounded by water and mountains, occupying a dangerous position and dominating Chu and Shu. The Maicha Warring States tombs are located in the southeast of Maicha village, Liye Town, covering an area of about 4 square kilometers. In 1989, 55 tombs were excavated, all of which are solid cave tombs in earthen pits. The unearthed bronze wares include sword, dagger, seal, mirror, Qing, bell and hook; the pottery wares include Ding, dun, pot, pot, bean, pot, Zhen, spinning wheel, glazed tube stone, jade wall, residual iron ware and stone ornaments. Among them, the BA's willow leaf sword and other Warring States weapons are well cast and extremely sharp. They are really rare treasures, and are listed as national first-class cultural relics. These thousands of ancient tombs echo with the three ancient cities, forming a complete urban system, which provides the most valuable scientific basis for the study of the history of the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties.

Liye ancient street

Its history can be traced back to the Warring States period and the Qin and Han Dynasties. The present liyegu street was formed in the early Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were seven streets and ten lanes, including Zhongfu street, Daoxiang street, Bijiang street, Wanshou street, Jiangxi street, Sichuan street and Deyou lane. There are many shops in the ancient streets, and the signboards of these shops are quite antique. The inscriptions are gold, green or vermilion. They are antique and elegant. The Qingshiban street was changed to the Sanhe loach back street. Every street leads to the river pier. What is the size of the house facing the street? It's a wooden house with two rooms in front of the shop and three rooms in back. There are dock shaped brick fire walls between each household. The big family is the "seal house" with deep courtyard, which is often called fire barrel. Looking along the street, every family is carrying water eaves, arc-shaped Watchboard, container shop, display, North and South groceries, gauze cloth, ceramic assortment, a dazzling array, one or six meet market, everywhere bustling, the South and north of the sound of Hawking and strong local accent interweave together, constitute the Liye ancient town's prosperous business scene.

River Wharf

Liye ancient town is located on the North Bank of Youshui river. There are three wharves along the bank, including upper, middle and lower wharves. The middle and lower wharves are the most prosperous. There are more than 150 boats berthing here every day, most of them are wupeng boats of different sizes. The big boats are launching boats, especially for Changde and Hankou; the medium boats are going to Baojing and Yuanling; the small boats are going to Xiushan and Youyang. More than 100 wupeng boats are moored on the shore. The lights on the boat and the lights on the shore complement each other, forming a unique landscape of Gubu. This north bank is the same color of wooden buildings, simple and elegant, antique, with the unique style of Tujia Ganlan architecture. Most of the wooden buildings are taverns and wine shops, some playing ditty, some playing fishing drums and singing Daoqing. This scene is just like what Liye literati Chen he said: "smoke cage, cold water, moon cage, sand, lights on the water nearly ten thousand families; boatman likes to sing the tune of picking flowers, the sound of wood leaves is bright and the sound of piano is dumb.".

Ancient Architectural Buildings

In the Ming Dynasty, there were eight temples (i.e. Tujia big hand waving Hall), mother-in-law temple, Tuwang Temple (i.e. Tujia small hand waving Hall) and other sacrificial buildings. After the seventh year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty, the ban of "Han people not entering" was abolished, and a large number of Han people moved to Liye to do business. They successively built Wenchang Pavilion, Yalu temple, wanshouguan, Guandi palace and Shuishui temple Fu Palace, Qingping temple, Longyin temple, etc.

Mother in law Temple

It was built in memory of the Tujia ancient leader Chong Bani, the wife of the old official. The old trees in front of the temple are not less than 400 years old. Its architecture is extremely exquisite, and its stone carvings and colored sculptures are of unique ingenuity. It is the most complete place of maternal worship in Tujia area of China. Regardless of its sacrificial culture or architectural technology, it has its unique value.

Wenchang Pavilion

It is located in Liye town. It was built in 1732, covering an area of four mu. It is the place for worshiping Kong Jiewen. The pillars of the red hall are decorated with green glazed tiles

Chinese PinYin : Li Ye Gu Cheng Yi Zhi