Wudang Mountain

Wudang Mountain has many peaks. Tianzhu peak is 1612 meters above sea level. Wudang Mountain is low around, with a massive protuberance in the center. It is mainly composed of Paleozoic phyllite, slate and schist, with granite in some parts. Rock joints are developed, and there are signs of rising along the old fault line, forming a lot of cliff fault cliff landform. There are many subsided basins on both sides of the mountain, such as Fangxian basin and Yunxian basin. The climate is warm and humid, with annual precipitation of 900-1200 mm, mostly concentrated in summer. It is one of the rainstorm centers in Hubei Province. The primary vegetation belongs to the north subtropical evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, and the secondary forest is coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest and coniferous forest, mainly including pine, fir, birch, oak, etc. There are more than 400 kinds of medicinal plants, including datura flower, Jinchai, wanglongzhi, Houjie, jiuxianzi, Gastrodia elata, Tianqi and other precious medicinal materials. Wudang Mountain has 72 peaks, 36 rocks, 24 streams, 11 caves, three pools, nine springs, ten pools, nine wells, ten stones, nine platforms and other scenic spots. With Tianzhu peak as the center, there are 18 dangerous roads, such as the upper and lower plates, the "72 peaks facing the top" and the "Golden Hall overlapping shadows" in the scenic spots. Wudang Mountain is a famous mountain scenic spot. The scenic spots include 72 peaks with numerous arrowheads, 36 rocks with deep cliffs, 24 streams with turbulent flow, 11 caves with clouds and fog, and 9 mysterious stones. Tianzhu peak, the main peak, is 1612 meters above sea level. It is known as "one pillar holding the sky". The surrounding peaks incline to the main peak, forming a spectacle of "ten thousand mountains coming to Korea". Wudang Mountain is rich in medicinal plants. Among the 1800 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines recorded in compendium of Materia Medica, there are more than 400 kinds in Wudang Mountain. According to the results of the general survey of medicinal plants in 1985, there are 617 kinds of medicinal materials in Wudang Mountain. Therefore, Wudang Mountain is known as "natural medicine storehouse". Wudang Mountain ancient architectural complex has a large scale and grand momentum. According to statistics, more than 500 temples and more than 20000 houses were built from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, which reached its peak in Ming Dynasty. Emperors of all dynasties built Wudang Mountain Taoist temple as a royal family temple. During the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, Wudang was built. It is said that "the Forbidden City is built in the north and Wudang is built in the South". A total of 33 Taoist buildings, including 9 palaces, 9 temples, 36 nunneries, 72 rock temples, 39 bridges and 12 pavilions, have been built, covering an area of 1.6 million square meters. In the 31th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1552), it was expanded to form "five li, one temple, ten li palace, with red walls and green tiles. The tower is full of gold and silver, and Lin Xiu's architectural spectacle of "in the mirror" achieves the artistic conception of "Xianshan qiongge". There are 129 well preserved ancient buildings and 1182 temples, just like an exhibition of the achievements of ancient Chinese architecture. Jindian, Zixiao palace, Zhishi xuanyue stone archway, Nanyan palace and yuxu palace sites were listed as national key cultural relics protection units in 1961, 1982, 1988, 1996 and 2001 respectively. In addition to the ancient buildings, there are more than 7400 precious cultural relics in Wudang Mountain, especially the Taoist cultural relics, so it is known as the "treasure house of Taoist cultural relics". Wudang Mountain's magical natural landscape and rich cultural landscape are integrated. It is rich in natural resources and has the characteristics of outstanding people, leaving great imagination space for the world. As a treasure of the great rivers and mountains of the Chinese nation, it fascinates the world. Let's walk into the beautiful and natural Wudang Mountain and feel its mystery, ethereal and charm You can take the cable car up the mountain,

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Wudang Mountain

Wudang Mountain, also known as Taihe mountain, xiero mountain, Shenshang mountain and Xianshi mountain, is the holy land of Taoism in China. It was called "Taiyue", "xuanyue" and "Dayue" in ancient times. Located in Danjiangkou City, Shiyan City, northwest Hubei Province. It is adjacent to the famous ancient City Xiangyang in the East, Shiyan in the west, Shennongjia in the South and Danjiangkou Reservoir in the north.

In the Ming Dynasty, Wudang Mountain was named "great mountain" and "xuanyue" by the emperor, and was honored as "royal family temple". Wudang Mountain is famous in the world for its "crown of the five mountains" status of "four famous mountains all bow and bow, and five immortal mountains all reign together".

In December 1994, Wudang Mountain ancient buildings were listed in the world heritage list, and in 2006, they were listed as "national key cultural relics protection units". In 2007, Wudang Mountain, together with the Great Wall, Lijiang, Zhouzhuang and other scenic spots, was selected as the "top ten European favorite scenic spots in China". From 2010 to 2013, Wudang Mountain was rated as the national 5A tourist area, National Forest Park, China's top ten summer resort mountains, cross-strait exchange base, and the most beautiful "National Geopark".

As of 2013, there are 53 ancient buildings in Wudang Mountain, with a construction area of 27000 square meters, 9 construction sites, covering an area of more than 200000 square meters, and 5035 cultural relics are preserved.

Wudang Mountain is a famous Taoist mountain and the birthplace of Wudang martial arts, known as "unparalleled scenic spot in ancient times, the first fairy mountain in the world.". Wudang Wushu is an important school of Chinese Wushu. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Taoist Zhang Sanfeng set up Wudang school.

Historical evolution

The name of Wudang first appeared in Hanshu.

In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (202 BC), Wudang county was established.

From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was a secluded place for those who wanted to learn Taoism.

During the reign of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627-649), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty ordered Yao Jian, Wudang governor, to pray for rain in Wudang Mountain. The five dragon temple was built. During the reign of qianning (896-897), Wudang Mountain was ranked the ninth of the 72 blessed areas.

Since the Tang Dynasty, Wudang Mountain has been attached great importance to by feudal emperors of all dynasties, and it was named Wudang, which made it a high position and a great reputation.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 22nd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1285), Zhang liusun, the great master of metaphysics, wrote a memorial to Kublai Khan, the emperor of Wudang Mountain. Kublai Khan believed in his way. In the eighth year of Dade (1304), yuan Chengzong was granted the title of "Wudang blessed land".

In 1412, Emperor Zhu Di of the Ming Dynasty ordered Zhang Xin, Marquis of Longping, Mu Xin, governor of the emperor's son-in-law, Guo Yao, right servant of the Ministry of work, Jin Chun, Minister of rites, etc. to lead more than 200000 soldiers and civilians to overhaul Wudang Mountain. In 1417, Yongle was granted the title of "great mountain", higher than the five mountains. Yongle 21 years (1423), lasted for 12 years, built the great mountain Taihe mountain palace 33.

In 1552, Wudang Mountain was granted the title of "xuanyue for governing the world". Wudang Mountain was regarded as the supreme "royal family temple". It was named as "the top of the five mountains" with "all four famous mountains bow and bow, and all five Immortal Mountains reign together". It was listed as the first famous mountain of Taoism. In 1552, Emperor Shizong ordered Lu jietidu, the right Minister of the Ministry of industry, to rebuild the Wudang temple.

In 1956, Hubei Province listed Quanshan ancient buildings as key cultural relics protection units.

In 1961, the golden hall was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

On February 22, 1982, Zixiao palace was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the state.

In 1983, the State Council listed the Taihe palace and Zixiao palace in Wudang Mountain as the national key places for religious activities.

In January 1988, "Zhishi xuanyue" stone archway was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

On December 15, 1996, Nanyan palace was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

On December 17, 1994, "Wudang Mountain ancient buildings" were listed in the world cultural heritage list by the United Nations.

In July 2001, the yuxu Palace site was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

In May 2007, the renovation project of yuxu palace in Wudang Mountain was started.

In 2012, Wudang Mountain launched more than 20 large-scale series activities in the past 600 years.

On July 25, 2012, wulonggong scenic area was officially put into development and construction.

On August 1, 2012, due to the Middle Route Project of South to North Water Diversion, Yuzhengong jacking project was officially launched.

On September 27, 2012, the yuxu palace in Wudang Mountain was completed.

geographical environment

Location context

Wudang Mountain is located in Danjiangkou City, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. It is adjacent to Xiangyang City in Hubei Province in the East, Shiyan City in Checheng city in the west, Shennongjia World Natural Heritage in the South and Danjiangkou Reservoir in the north.

The geographical coordinates are: east longitude 110 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ - 111 ° 15 ′ 23 ″, north latitude 32 ° 22 ′ 30 ″ - 32 ° 35 ′ 06 ″. It was called "800 Li square circle" in ancient times, with a total area of 312 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

There are many peaks around Wudang Mountain. Tianzhu peak is 1612 meters above sea level. Wudang Mountain is low around, with a massive protuberance in the center. It is mainly composed of Paleozoic phyllite, slate and schist, with granite in some parts. Rock joints are developed, and there are signs of rising along the old fault line, forming a lot of cliff fault cliff landform. There are many subsided basins on both sides of the mountain, such as Fangxian basin and Yunxian basin.

Climatic characteristics

Wudang Mountain is located in the north subtropical monsoon climate zone, which has the property of North-South transition. From Danjiang Reservoir along the rock to Tianzhu peak, the climate vertical zone is obvious, with rich and colorful local microclimate, which can be divided into three climatic zones. High level: Chaotiangong to Jinding, 1200-1612 meters above sea level, annual average temperature 7.7-10.0 ℃, frost free period 163-194 days; middle level: zixiaogong to Chaotiangong, 750-1200 meters above sea level, annual average humidity 10.0-12.0 ℃, frost free period 194-222 days, precipitation 995-1106 mm; below 750 meters above sea level, taizipo, Wudang mountain market town area, annual average temperature 12.8-16 0 ℃, frost free period 222-254 days, rainfall 843-9

Chinese PinYin : Wu Dang Shan