Nanyuan ancient village

Nanyuan ancient village, also known as Nanyuan No.1 village, is located in Hongguang Village, Xiantang Town, Heyuan County, China. It is independently funded by Hongguang Village Committee. It is the largest existing Hakka Fengshui ancient village with a long history, profound cultural heritage and the most representative in South China. According to ancient books, since the 26th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty! Since the village was founded in 738 ad, it has a history of more than 1200 years. "Nanyuan is located in the northeast of Heyuan City, which is about the center of Hexi River; Dongjiang River flows by Nanyuan, with sweet spring and fragrant air; its dragon vein originates from Jiejia mountain, and goes around to the West and from the west to the south, with ups and downs, majestic momentum and endless wall." the god dragon of several square kilometers embraces you.

Nanyuan ancient village

Nanyuan ancient village is located in Hongguang Village, Xiantang Town, Dongyuan County, Guangdong Province. It is only 12 kilometers away from Heyuan City. It has obvious traffic location advantages. It runs through Dongjiang waterway by waterway. It has important passages such as land Beijing Kowloon Railway, national highway 205, Guangdong Jiangxi Expressway and Hemei Expressway. At present, Nanyuan ancient village has more than 1900 permanent residents, 800 mu of mountains except buildings, and 150000 square meters of ancient dwellings that can be used for tourism In addition, according to genealogical records, Nanyuan ancient village has donated as many as 23 officials, leaving a large number of official and merchant houses. It is one of the representative Hakka ancient villages with large scale, long history, profound cultural heritage and well preserved in Heyuan City. The whole ancient village is inhabited by the same surname, and the villagers are the descendants of the "Pan family", which comprehensively reflects the political, economic, cultural and traditional features, local characteristics and folk customs of the Hakka people in the region during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The cultural heritage condensing the wisdom and sweat of our ancestors is an important witness of history and the root of each of us. Maybe you walk by it every day, but you always ignore its existence; maybe it is disappearing in front of you, but you can't hear its silent cry.

geographical position

The ancient village is located in the northeast of Heyuan City, north-south trend, 12 km away from Heyuan City, 5 km away from Dongyuan County, close to Xiantang town.

The origin of the name of the village

According to the records of Pan's genealogy, the ancient village is located in the east of Heyuan County, and its dragon vein originates from Jieya mountain. It goes around to the west, and from the west to the south, circling and undulating, with great momentum. The main vein turns downward from the right corner to the east to keshuling mountain. On the right side of the mountain, there is a ancestral temple of Pan's family. The Ming hall is upright. When the dynasty is going against the current, the river flows in front of it, surrounded by mountains on three sides. If it is a fairyland, it is called Xiantang. Until after liberation, in January 1950, the ancient village belonged to Xiantang township; in 1970, Xiantang township was changed into people's commune, and the ancient village belonged to a natural village under Xiantang people's commune. It was called Hongguang Village because it wanted to bathe in the red sun. Because the whole ancient village was inhabited by the surname pan, it was also called panjiawei. Later, because there is a century old orchard in the south of Dongjiang River, it is called Nanyuan ancient village for the need of tourism development.

Village environment

According to the old people in the village, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there were more than 100 ancestral halls, official houses and luxurious houses of merchants and gentry in the village with an area of only about 1.5 square kilometers. At present, there are well preserved old buildings, new buildings, old yamen, new yamen, dafudi, xiaditang and so on, which are good tourist attractions.

The ancient village is adjacent to Dongjiang in the south, Xudong village in the West and Dongyuan County in the East, and Xiantang town in the northeast. Dongjiang River flows in the southeast and passes by the ancient village. Beijing Kowloon railway runs from east to west and Xiantang railway station is very close. The ancient village is only 1km away from national highway 205. Dongjiang waterway can reach the Pearl River Estuary by 100 ton ships. The unique geographical location makes the ancient village a prosperous place from ancient times to the present.

According to records, the father of Mingde Gong, the first ancestor of the pan clan in Xiantang, was exiled in Shaoguan due to the war. Later, he settled down in wengyuanfu town and became the Kaiji ancestor of the pan clan there. However, in the fourth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty, because of the increase of grain rent, he made a feud with the county magistrate, and was forced to sever his wife, children, old and young, leave his hometown and move to other places for Kaiji construction He lived in Chonghe Township, Shunde county. In the 10th year of Hongzhi reign of Ming Dynasty, Mingde Gong and his family moved to Juxin, Qingyun, the old town of Heyuan county. It is said that Mingde Gong was engaged in the business of fingerling. At first, he rented a house. Later, he bought a house. He gave birth to two sons, Pan Yang and Pan Yi. Later, he moved to Xiantang from Chacheng to settle down with sun Liangong and sun nianmei Gong of Yigong for 400 years .

Folklore

There are many local anecdotes and folklores in Nanyuan ancient village.

Qirong

At that time, there were two banyan trees at the entrance of the village, which were more than 400 years old and luxuriant. Later, they withered and fell to the ground for unknown reasons. According to the old people in the village, one died when Mao Zedong was hit by thunder on the day of his death, and the other died in the early morning of the day of Deng Xiaoping's death in 1997. Therefore, the villagers replanted several young banyan trees on the original site, burning incense from time to time.

The story of quqiao

At that time, pan Shiba, the twelfth grandson of Pan's family, was a young man with a free personality and addicted to gambling. His father, pan Shaoxin, hated Pan's failure and refused to change his ways. In a fit of anger, pan Shiba's mother, Huang, helped pan Shiba escape from his family. That night, Huang explained the truth at Liuqu bridge, and then he died A few years later, pan Shiba became an official in Zhejiang Province. When he returned to his hometown in fine clothes, he passed the Liuqu bridge. His mood was very different from that when he fled. Standing on the Liuqu bridge, he felt a lot. He told his followers and clansmen that "Liuqu" and "Qu" were the ups and downs of life. He had to go through a lot of twists and turns to get on a smooth road. Since then, people have remembered the origin of Liuqu bridge and pan Shiba.

HENGLING Temple

On the way to and from Nanyuan ancient village, there is a mountain called Hengling mountain. In ancient times, the pan people of Xiantang went out to study, take exams, and do business. It is said that when the road came to a fork in the road, people would watch the mountain and protect the passers-by. An ancestor of the pan family, who had never been married in his life, stayed silent all the time to watch the mountain on the side of Hengling mountain. Everyone was hungry and thirsty, so he cooked with water. He did good deeds and accumulated virtue all his life. He died at the age of more than 90 and was dying A few years ago, he ordered his distant relatives and descendants to be buried here and guard Hengling. His own people and neighbors felt his good deeds and admired his merits and virtues, so they built a small temple, honoring him as the Duke of Hengling, and offered sacrifices when passing by to pray for a safe journey.

There are many historical anecdotes and folklores about the ancient village, such as anti bandits, Xiaorong, the legend of Juxian bridge and so on.

ecological environment

Nanyuan ancient village has a subtropical monsoon climate, with an annual average temperature of 20 ℃ - 21 ℃. It is not cold in winter and hot in summer. The climate is pleasant. It is evergreen all the year round. It is like spring in four seasons. It is natural and mild in winter. It is windy and sunny in spring, and flowers are in full bloom. In summer, there are many showers. After the rain, the vision is clear, the color is clear, and the vision is good. In autumn, the weather is sunny and mild, which is the best of the year It's the best season.

Nanyuan ancient village is located in the southeast of Heyuan City, Guangdong Province, on the Bank of Dongjiang River. The river flows southeast to Xiantang, surrounded by Chen tianzhang, butterfly ridge, keshuling, Jiejia mountain and so on. It is rich in porcelain clay minerals. Dongjiang waterway can reach the Pearl River Estuary directly by 100 ton ships. It has a unique geographical location, making the ancient village a prosperous place from ancient times to the present.

The whole village has 450 mu of paddy field, 300 mu of fruit forest, 9800 mu of pine forest, no wasteland and residual forest. All of them are hilly and mountainous areas, and the slope degree is below 20 degrees. A large number of craftsmen are active in Nanyuan ancient village to serve people's daily life. For example, carpenters, blacksmiths, masons and bricklayers are engaged in building and production tool manufacturing; bamboo craftsmen, strip craftsmen, welders and menders are engaged in daily necessities making and maintenance; weavers, silversmiths, shoemakers and shavers are engaged in clothing industry; paper craftsmen, painters, pensmiths and shadow craftsmen are engaged in culture, belief and entertainment industry.

The agriculture of Nanyuan ancient village is developed, but there are more people and less land. For a long time, the means of agricultural production has been manual farming. It is very important to predict the weather and master the solar term. Generally speaking, early field transplanting and peanut sowing are completed before the Qingming Festival. Therefore, there is a saying that "before the Qingming Festival, lay good fields". Everyone has to finish farming before the Qingming Festival.

5. Village structure, clan distribution and living environment

In the south of the ancient village, there is Dongjiang River as the protection. The four corners of the ancient village are equipped with high-rise turrets, which are connected by many dragon houses. From the perspective of strategic defense, the houses are surrounded by walls, and a Doumen is set up, so that the people can enter and exit through the Doumen, which has the functions of anti-theft and anti Japanese.

Most of the ancient villages in Nanyuan live together. They are all descendants of the pan family, with a single clan structure. A village is also a family with a surname and blood and blood relationship. There are 20 or 30 small houses and over 100 large houses. The eaves of the houses are connected with each other, and the corridors are connected. You can visit every household in the village without going out. Few people live alone. The pan clan in Xiantang town mainly lives in Hongguang Village and Xiantang village.

After hundreds of years of ancient village construction, there are more than 300 ancient buildings in the village, such as palaces, commercial houses, temples, and 36 well preserved ancient buildings. Officials and merchants mostly live in the green brick mansion style enclosed houses, while the common people live in the mud brick other small enclosed houses.

Clan records

According to records, the ancestors of Pan family in Xiantang

Chinese PinYin : Nan Yuan Gu Cun