red flag canal

The red flag canal, known as the "artificial Tianhe", was built in the 1960s by the people of Linxian County in Anyang County to lead Zhangzhou into the forest from Taihang Mountain. It is known as the "eighth wonder in the world". The red flag canal coiled on the cliff of Taihang mountainside is composed of three scenic spots: "fenshuiyuan", "youth cave" and "luositan". The three scenic spots are majestic and dangerous, and each has its own characteristics. The main scene is "youth cave". The "youth cave" dug by the broken wall runs through the majestic and dangerous, which is very shocking. In addition, the red flag canal scenic spot can not only climb mountains, but also row boats. There are many local specialties such as Polygonum multiflorum on the mountain, which can be purchased.

red flag canal

Red flag canal, located in Linzhou City, Anyang City, Henan Province, is a national AAAAA tourist attraction

The national key cultural relics protection units, known as "the eighth wonder of the world.".

In the 1960s, the people of Linxian county (now Linzhou city) built a project from Taihang mountain to lead Zhangzhou into the forest under extremely difficult conditions. It is called "artificial Tianhe".

The red flag canal project was started in February 1960 and completed in July 1969. It took nearly ten years. In this project, 1250 mountaintops have been leveled, 151 aqueducts have been erected, 211 tunnels have been dug, 12408 buildings have been built, and 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and stone have been excavated and built. The total length of the main canal of Hongqi Canal is 70.6 km (Shicheng Town, Shanxi Province to Rencun Town, Henan Province), and the branch canals of the main canal are distributed in the towns of the whole city. According to calculation, if these earth and rock blocks are built into walls 2 meters high and 3 meters wide, they can run through the north and south of the motherland, bypass Beijing, and connect Guangzhou with Harbin.

In October 2016, the red flag canal was approved as a national 5A tourist attraction.

In January 2017, the red flag canal was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

In December 2017, it was selected into the list of the first batch of national primary and secondary school students' research and practice education bases and camps of the Ministry of education.

Construction background

Red flag canal is a man-made irrigation canal. It is located in Linzhou City, Anyang City, Henan Province. Linzhou is located at the junction of Henan Province and Shanxi Province. It is seriously dry and short of water in history.

According to historical records, from the first year of the Ming Dynasty (1436) to the founding of new China in 1949, a total of 514 spring and Autumn Periods, more than 100 natural disasters occurred in Linxian County, and more than 30 severe droughts failed. Sometimes drought year after year, the river dry well, crop grain does not harvest. According to historical records and folklore, the drought was so severe that people ate each other five times in 514 years.

Li Hanqing, governor of Lu'an in Yuan Dynasty, planned the construction of Tianping canal. Xie Sicong, magistrate of Lin County in Ming Dynasty, organized the construction of Xiegong canal. However, these projects only solved the problem of water use in some villages, and could not fundamentally change the situation of water shortage in Lin county. At that time, the total area of cultivated land in the county was 985000 mu, but the irrigated land was only 12400 mu, the grain yield was very low, and the people's life was very difficult.

After the liberation of Linxian County in 1949, the county government organized many water conservancy projects, which alleviated the problem of water use to a certain extent.

Since 1957, Yingxiong canal, Qihe canal, Nangudong reservoir and Gongshang reservoir have been built successively. However, due to the limited water resources, it is still unable to solve the problem of large-scale irrigation.

In 1959, Linxian County encountered an unprecedented drought. All the four rivers in the area have dried up. The built canals have no water to lead, the reservoirs have no water to store, and the villagers have to go all the way to get water. After many discussions, in order to solve the water problem, we must find a new and reliable water source and build a canal to lead water into Linxian County. However, there is no such water source in Linxian County. The county Party committee turned its attention to the outside of Linxian county and thought of Zhuozhang River, which is rich in water.

On October 10, 1959, the Linxian county Party committee held a meeting and decided to bring the water from Zhuozhang River to Linxian County. Yang Gui, then Secretary of the Linxian county Party committee of the Communist Party of China, issued a call to "rearrange the rivers and mountains in Linxian county". It is specialized in the project of "diverting Zhangzhou to forest". The project was decided to start in February 1960. At that time, during the period of three years of natural disasters, the county had only 150 mu of arable land, 3 million yuan of reserves and 28 water conservancy technicians.

In February 1960, the people of Linxian county began to build the red flag canal (formerly known as the "water diversion from Zhangzhou to forest" project), which was agreed by Henan and Shanxi provinces through consultation, and then approved by the Ministry of water resources and electric power entrusted by the State Planning Commission.

From March 6 to 7, 1960, Linxian County Committee of diverting Zhangzhou to forestry held a plenary meeting in Panyang village. At the meeting, the project of diverting Zhangzhou to forestry was officially named "red flag canal", which means holding high the red flag to advance. After ten years of hard work, the main canal was opened to water on April 5, 1965.

In April 1966, the three main canals were completed at the same time.

In 1969, the construction of trunk, branch and ditch was completed. So far, the red flag canal as the main irrigation system has basically formed. The effective irrigation area of the irrigation area reached 540000 mu, and the project was fully completed in July.

In the 1970s, the red flag canal spirit of "self-reliance, hard work, unity and cooperation, selfless dedication" formed in the construction process of the red flag canal has become a valuable spiritual wealth.

In 1974, when new China participated in the UN General Assembly, the first film screened was the documentary "red flag canal".

In the 1990s, party and state leaders Hu Jintao, Jiang Zemin, Wen Jiabao, Zeng Qinghong, Li Changchun, Li Xiannian, Qiao Shi, Jiang Chunyun, Li Tieying and ye Xuanping visited the red flag canal in person.

In May 2013, with the approval of the State Council, Hongqiqu economic development zone was upgraded to a national economic and Technological Development Zone, named "Hongqiqu economic and Technological Development Zone". It has also become the Eighth National Economic and technological development zone approved by the State Council in Henan Province. The county has been approved as a national economic and Technological Development Zone, which is the first case in the central and western regions of China.

In 2015, the red flag canal was built for 50 years.

Construction process

Facing problems

Zhuozhang River is the source of Hongqi Canal. A dam is set under houbi fault of Shicheng Town, Pingshun County, Shanxi Province to intercept the flow of Zhanghe River to Linxian county (now Linzhou County, Henan Province).

In order to bring Zhangzhou into the forest, Lin county must face several problems

1. Special period (three years of natural disasters)

2. Capital (the financial reserve is only 3 million)

3. Grain (only 30 million jin)

4. Technical problems (there are 28 water conservancy technicians in the county, with the highest degree of secondary technical school graduates)

5. Water source

Miscalculation of the situation

The Party committee of Linxian county began to have a lack of understanding of the arduousness of diverting Zhangzhou into the forest, believing that "there are more than 70000 people, each with a meter, the construction will start in early February, and the water will be available on May 1 after three months of hard work." Soon after the construction started, it was found that there were nearly 40000 people along the canal, but there were not many. The leadership, labor and technical forces were scattered, shooting all over the mountains. Some of them dug the wrong Canal line, some of them blasted the bottom of the canal. The key parts of the project that needed to be done quickly could not be taken down on time. The quality and safety of the project were not guaranteed, and the progress was very slow. Especially in the Shanxi section, the masses had a lot of opinions, reflecting that "the sound of gunfire was constant during the day and night, the debris was flying all over the sky, the trees were destroyed, the tiles were smashed, the animals were scared away, and the houses were cracked.". I thought that it would be completed in a few months, and then I realized that such a huge water conservancy project must be fought for a long time.

our wills unite like a fortress

The migrant workers who built canals tried their best to solve the problem of living by themselves. If you can't find a suitable place, you can sleep in the stone crevices and under the cliff. Some build stone nunneries, some dig caves, some lay in the open air, and sleep on the stone slabs without roof, bed or fire. You can collect the grass and pawn it up. It's really like spreading the ground and covering the sky. A few pieces of cloth are the headquarters to command thousands of troops. In the 10 years of canal repair, the living place is hard, but no one on the whole construction site has built a house with the money of canal repair.

Migrant workers took their iron, shovel and trolley to the construction site, and started the construction of red flag canal with these primitive tools.

The amount of lime used in the construction of the red flag canal is very large, and the lack of lime supply has become the main obstacle to the construction of the canal. The headquarters mobilized the masses to recruit lime burning experts throughout the county. Yuanshuquan, the "ash burning king" of Dongyao commune, volunteered to burn lime. On the basis of learning the original tree spring ash burning method, Heshun commune also created the Ming kiln stone burning method, which can burn 400 kg of lime in one kiln, completely solving the problem of using lime in construction site.

The problem of lime difficulty is solved, and the problem of explosive difficulty appears again. So the county Party committee and the county government recruited explosive manufacturing talents from the county's 580000 population. After examination and selection, the personnel were determined, the factory was set up, and the problem of explosive difficulty was solved.

To set up a cement plant, we must first have technical personnel. It is said that there is an old man in Xueshan brigade of Hejian commune, who used to be an engineer in Taiyuan cement plant and now retires at home. The staff of the headquarters made painstaking efforts to climb over the mountains for more than 90 miles and invited them to visit the headquarters. With the help of the old people to their hometown

Chinese PinYin : Hong Qi Qu