Nanbei Lake

Nanbei Lake scenic spot is the only scenic spot Integrating Mountain, sea and lake in China. Located in Haiyan County on the North Bank of Hangzhou Bay, it is one of the first batch of provincial scenic spots in Zhejiang Province, one of the top ten "best leisure resorts" in Zhejiang Province, and a national AAAA scenic spot. The South and North lakes are surrounded by mountains on three sides and the sea on the south, forming a microclimate of warm winter and cool summer, which is extremely beneficial to the growth of crops. There are many local specialties. Local farmers have the saying that "spring tea, autumn orange, winter bird wax, summer solstice red bayberry, peach ripe bamboo shoots, yellow loquat, pine flower and cold dew are fresh".

Nanbei lake is not only beautiful in natural scenery, but also rich in cultural landscape. The celebrity culture area, which is composed of Jinjiu refuge, Huangyuan library and Chen Congzhou Art Museum, is full of strong cultural atmosphere and tells the story of friendship between Jinjiu and the Chinese people; the touching story of Mr. Huangyuan's love for the motherland and dedication to his hometown; Professor Chen Congzhou's pursuit of art and his recollection of the unique feelings of the north and South lakes. These profound cultural and historical deposits make Nanbei Lake scenic spot more interesting and charming.

Nanbei Lake

North and South Lake, the ancient name of Yongan lake, also known as Shu lake, Gaoshi lake

Located in Haiyan County, Jiaxing City, on the North Bank of Hangzhou Bay, Zhejiang Province, the geographical coordinates are 120 ° 87'e and 30 ° 39'n, with a total area of about 45 square kilometers, and the core area of the two lakes is 1.2 square kilometers. Surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing the sea on one side, the South North Lake is a scenic spot integrating mountains, sea and lake in China.

Nanbei lake is a lagoon at the mouth of Qiantang River. It is divided into two parts by a long dike, so it is named. The dike is named Zhonghu pond, 500 meters long

. The north and South Lake is composed of four resource elements (four scenic spots), namely, lake pond, mountain forest, seashore and ancient city. It is rich in natural resources and cultural landscape

.

Nanbei lake is one of the first provincial scenic spots in Zhejiang Province

National AAAA tourist attractions

One of the top ten "best leisure resorts" in Zhejiang

.

Historical evolution

In Song Dynasty, the north and South lakes have become tourist sites. In the third year of song shaoding (1230), "Shu Shui Zhi" recorded: "Yong'an lake is five li southwest of the town, surrounded by twelve Li. In Yuan Dynasty, mintian was used as a lake to store water for irrigation. It is surrounded by mountains, with a small dike in the middle. In spring, tourists race and have fun. It is called Xiaoxihu In history, it has formed "the first eight sceneries", "the second eight sceneries" and "the last eight sceneries" such as Yingke Qingxue and huhaishanju.

In the early years of the Republic of China, in order to revitalize China, Dr. Sun Yat Sen put forward in the general plan for the founding of the people's Republic of China: to build a great Oriental port between Shupu and Zhapu, he once carried out survey and design. On the top of Changshan, Qingshan and Yingke of the north and South lakes, there are boundary stone marks for the survey of Dongfang Dagang.

In 1932, Kim Jeou, a Korean national hero, took refuge in the villa.

On October 3, 1945, the East Zhejiang column, led by he Kexi, went northward through Shupu. It was surrounded and blocked by the Kuomintang troops and successfully broke through. In 1984, the people's Government of Haiyan County established a monument to revolutionary martyrs on Jingshan mountain to the east of the north and South lakes.

In 1978, 300000 migrant workers in seven counties of Jiaxing excavated Changshan River, the first drainage project in Jiaxing area.

geographical environment

Location context

Nanbei lake is located in Shupu Town, Haiyan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province. The scenic spot is centered on Nanbei Lake in the west of the town. It starts from Qingshan mountain and Changqiang mountain in the East, including the coastal area of Wuzi mountain, reaches the administrative boundary of Haiyan County and Haining City in the West, reaches Hulushan, Shizitou and Huangshawu in the south, and ends at Shanghai Hangzhou highway in the north. It is about 9 km long from east to west, 4 km long from north to south, covering an area of 45 square kilometers 18 square kilometers, 8. 14 square kilometers, 19. 68 square kilometers and 15 square kilometers respectively.

The north and South lakes lie between Shanghai and Hangzhou, 131 km from Shanghai in the northeast, 85 km from Hangzhou in the southwest, 60 km from Jiaxing in the northwest, and facing Shangyu and Cixi across the sea in the south. The Shanghai Hangzhou highway passes through the northern edge of the scenic area, and there is a 120 meter wide Changshan River connected with the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal.

Geographical coordinates: 120 ° 87'e, 30 ° 39'n.

topographic features

The mountains of the north and South lakes are the remaining veins of Tianmu Mountain, which are composed of 11 peaks around the lake, Six Mountains in Sanwan and Six Mountains in Binhai.

There are 4 soil types, 7 sub types, 11 soil genera and 19 soil species in the South and North Lake. In plain area, silt soil is in the east of Changshan River and purple soil is in the north of Shanghai Hangzhou highway; in mountainous area, most of them are yellow soil and a few are gravel soil; in sea beach, sandy soil, saline soil and light saline soil are mainly used.

Climatic characteristics

Nanbei lake is located in the southern edge of the north subtropical zone. It is an East Asian monsoon climate with warm and humid climate, four distinct seasons, sufficient sunlight, abundant heat, abundant precipitation and short frost period. It is a typical marine climate with no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. The annual average temperature is 16.3 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 37.5 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is 0 ℃. The annual average frost free period is 240 days. The annual rainfall is 1200 mm. The prevailing wind direction throughout the year is southeast by East and northwest by North, with an average wind speed of 3.3 m / s.

hydrographic features

Nanbei lake is a lagoon at the mouth of Qiantang River, covering an area of 1680 mu (1.12 square kilometers), with a water level of 6.3 meters high and an average water depth of 1.5 meters.

natural resources

North South Lake is mountainous in the northwest and sea in the southeast, forming a warm winter and cool summer microclimate, suitable for the growth of a variety of plants. There are many kinds of plants in the area, including more than 200 kinds of higher plants with certain economic value and ornamental value. The forest conditions in mountainous areas are mainly masson pine forest, black pine forest, Phyllostachys pubescens forest, tea garden and orange forest, mixed with various shrubs, and the forest coverage rate is more than 80%. Ancient and famous trees include cypress over 500 years old, ginkgo over 400 years old and beech over 300 years old.

There are many kinds of ecological environment, such as mountain forest, lake, sea, etc. in Nanbei lake, which is suitable for many wild animals and aquatic life and becomes a "paradise" for birds. Haiyan County is located on the East Road of the main migration routes of the three major birds in China. The north and South lakes and their surrounding areas have become the habitat for birds to breed, live and migrate. There are more than 80 kinds of birds in Nanbei Lake scenic spot, among which more than 20 species are protected at national level, such as crested bee eagle, goshawk, harrier hawk, swallow falcon, Hubei, long eared owl, red horned owl, Grass Owl, kestrel, etc., and dozens of species are protected at provincial level, such as rhododendraceae, burlara, Kingfisher family, swallow family, passeriforme, etc.

Main attractions

overview

The north and South Lake is composed of four scenic spots, namely lake pond scenic spot, mountain forest scenic spot, seaside scenic spot and the surrounding ancient city scenic spot. HUTANG scenic spot is composed of scenic spots around South Lake and North Lake, mountain forest scenic spot is composed of scenic spots around yingkeding mountain, seaside scenic spot is composed of scenic spots close to the seaside, and ancient city scenic spot is mainly composed of scenic spots inside and outside the ancient city of Shupu. There are more than 40 scenic spots in the whole scenic area

. In addition to mountains and rivers, there are also Countryside: farmhouse, tea garden, fruit tree, bamboo forest

.

There have always been eight sceneries of Shupu in the north and South lakes: "the combination of clouds and Xius", "Autumn Moon in Shuhu", "clear snow in Yingke", "tea mill SONGFENG", "Mengquan waterfall", "Wumen fishing Flute", "mirage of stone sail" and "green gourd".

scenic spot

Development and construction

Infrastructure

In 1984, the people's Government of Haiyan County set up a leading group for the planning of the South and North Lake Scenic Area (later changed to the north and South Lake Scenic Area Management Committee) to carry out investigation and planning and delimit a three-level protection area. The old eight scenic spots are protected and developed in different levels, and new scenic spots are planned

. After being rated as a provincial scenic spot, Zhejiang Provincial Planning and Design Institute and Chinese Academy of Sciences were entrusted twice to plan and design, improve the ecological protection measures and planning of scenic spots, guide and support farmers to develop famous and special economic products, and establish the South and North Lake agricultural sightseeing park

.

Since 2010, the north and South Lake scenic spot has dredged the north and South lakes, stopped the stone factories around the lake, restored and built Xijian thatched cottage, tanxianling stone city, Zaiqing villa, Sanwan botanical garden, Huangyuan library, Chen Congzhou Art Museum, Wuyue king temple, Shupu bell tower and other scenic spots, built Sanwan highway, South and North Lake Avenue and lake ring highway, and built service facilities.

brand building

In 1985, Nanbei lake was rated as one of the first batch of provincial scenic spots by Zhejiang Provincial People's government.

In October 2001, Nanbei lake was rated as one of the first national AAA tourist areas by the National Tourism Administration.

Cultural Activity

Human history

According to ancient books and folklore, in the early morning of the first day of October of the lunar calendar, you can see the astronomical spectacle of "the sun and the moon rise at the same time" by climbing on yingketing to watch the sunrise on the sea. The earliest record is in 1610, the 38th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, when Chen Liang, the son of the state, ascended to the top of yingkeding and wrote the synopsis of Yunxiu temple. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1662-1722), scholars Huang Zongxi and LV liuliang specially came to watch it. Huang wrote a record of the rising of the sun and the moon at the top of the eagle nest, and LV recited many poems. Since then, the name of "the rising of the sun and the moon" has been well-known and has been enduring for hundreds of years. Since the 1980s, it has attracted the attention of Shanghai and Hangzhou media. Every morning on the first day of October in the lunar calendar

Chinese PinYin : Nan Bei Hu