Quanlin spring group

Quanlin town is located in the east of Sishui County, Jining City, Shandong Province, adjacent to Yimeng revolutionary base area in the East, Qufu, Confucius' hometown in the west, Zoucheng, Mencius' hometown in the south, and zuntai mountain, the Five Sacred Mountains in the north. With a total area of 118.4 square kilometers, it has jurisdiction over 65 administrative villages and 68000 people. It is listed as the central town by the provincial government, the "advanced town of chuang'an" and the "Star town of Confucius and Mencius". In 2003, it was rated as "the first batch of famous historical and cultural towns in Shandong Province" by the provincial government.

Quanlin spring group

Quanlin spring group, located in Quanlin village, east of city, Sishui County, Shandong Province, belongs to the rising spring of limestone fractured rock. Its famous springs are: Pearl, Baotu, Heihu, Taomi, Xuehua, Bianqiao, etc. The water source of spring group is stable, and the instability coefficient is only 1.49. In 1981, the daily discharge was 117072 cubic meters, and the discharge was 1.355 cubic meters per second.

Quanlin spring group is also a famous tourist attraction. Quanlin temple, Sanfang, Wuting, Shuibu office, etc. were built in the past dynasties, and Quanlin palace was built in Kangxi of Qing Dynasty. Confucius traveled all over the world and came to the spring forest. Standing on the top of the spring at the foot of Peiwei mountain, he sighed with emotion in the face of the endless stream of spring water day and night: "time passes like a husband, day and night.". To commemorate Confucius' visit to the spring, posterity erected a monument to commemorate Confucius' visit.

Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty visited the source of Sihe River and came to the spring forest. After watching the spring, he praised the spring forest. Liu Yu, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote a poem "TiSi spring" after visiting the spring forest, which vividly described the beautiful scenery of the spring group and expressed the feeling of parting.

Emperor Kangxi (named Xuanye) and Emperor Qianlong (named Hongli) of the Qing Dynasty visited the spring forest 10 times.

Location context

Quanlin spring group, also known as Sishui Quanlin spring group, is located at the foot of Peiwei mountain, 25 km east of Sishui County, Shandong Province, and three hectares of land around Quanlin village where Sihe river originates. Its geographical coordinates are 35 ° 34 ′ N and 117 ° 32 ′ E. Because there are many famous springs, they are called Quanlin.

According to sihetu of the Qing Dynasty, the spring group is divided into three districts: East, South and North. In the Eastern District, there are Shuangjing, Hongshi, Xiangshui, Sanshui, Taomi, Heiqiao, JUANJUAN, xinkaiyi, xinkaier, Ganlu, xiganlu, ganluxin, Qianjing, Yongzhu, pipa, Tianjing, kuiju, xikuiju, etc. In the south area, Shifeng spring turns from south to north through panbo, and Famous Springs include Shifeng, panbo, Shidou, Gaoyong, Shigou, shiye, Rui, shuangshifeng, etc. The North District turns north from the western end of Peiwei to the West and flows into Sihe river through Bianqiao. The famous springs include Zhenzhu, Baotu, Heihu, Taomi, Xuehua, Bianqiao, Santai, bianzhuang, etc.

In addition, there are springs not recorded in sihetu, such as shigun, Xijia, Yijin, caojia, Xibo, Jinju, xijinju, Yongsheng, Shengshui, Fanxing, liusi, Baishi, Rushu, Lianhua, Li, Weisi, Doushi, Mingyu, Wuxing, Shiben, and so on.

Geology and geomorphology

The spring group is located at the edge of Taiyi low mountains and hills. The altitude of Peiwei mountain in the East is 130 meters. The Wensi fault graben in the west is below 100 meters. It is surrounded by mountains in the southeast and North, and the alluvial plain of Zhusi basin in the West. Guimeng mountain is in the northeast, Mishan, Maoshan and Gushan are in the southwest. At the juncture of Piedmont basin, many springs gather to form the spectacle of spring group.

The spring group belongs to the ascending spring of limestone fractured rock. According to the analysis of the outcropping and confluence of the springs and the geological structure, the cause is: the Cambrian and Ordovician limestone strata of the Paleozoic are exposed in large areas in the East, West and south, which are fully recharged by the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation and underground runoff, and the groundwater moves northwestward to the spring forest. Due to the barrier of the tertiary clayey sandstone, limestone sandstone and shale (these rocks are impermeable), the groundwater flows into the spring forest Under the action of water diversion of local fault fracture zone, underground water rises into spring by pressure gathering.

hydrographic features

This spring has many characteristics. According to the identification of Tai'an environmental protection monitoring station in 1985, the characteristics of spring water are as follows: 1) high hardness, pH value above 7; 2) no arsenic, mercury, cadmium and other toxic impurities, high purity; 3) high chemical properties, stable water temperature. This spring water is sweet and refreshing to drink, tea is pure and delicious to cook, wine is pure and fragrant to make. Often drink this spring, can make people refreshing, prolong life.

The spring group is one of the 36 karst springs with a daily flow of more than 10000 cubic meters in Shandong Province. Because the spring water comes from the deep underground, and there is a large area of Quaternary permeable layer in the nearby Hezhuang reservoir area, and the lower Ordovician limestone is exposed, the water seepage increases the supply source for the spring group, so the spring flow does not decrease in the dry season. The instability coefficient is only 1.49. In May 1981, the third hydrological team of Shandong Province measured the daily discharge of Quanlin spring group, which was 117072 cubic meters and 1.355 cubic meters per second. Shifeng spring is located on high terrain, with a daily flow of 38361.6 cubic meters and a flow of 0.444 cubic meters per second. There are larger: black tiger, Baotu, Xiangshui, Taomi, Hongshi, Zhenzhu, Shicha and other springs.

Main springs

According to the records of Sishui County written by Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, there are 72 famous springs, dozens of big springs and many Koizumis. On about three hectares of land, the springs are rising, hanging out, cave out, like stars and clouds. It may flow out between the stone sinuses, or be hidden in the sand, or be a shallow pool, or a deep pool. The spring is as big as a tiger's mouth and as small as a bean. Five steps into a stream, a hundred steps into a river, not to be poor and surplus, not to dry up with drought, poor ancient, endless, confluence into a torrent. The spring water gushes with pearls and jade, which is as clear as crystal. The algae in the spring are as green as a comb, floating with the waves, which is like painting and weaving.

Heihuquan is located at the foot of the mountain in the west of Peiwei. To the east of the spring is "zizaichuan", which belongs to the north of the spring group. The spring is as big as a tiger's mouth, and it spouts out from the black hole. It is like the galloping of things and the roaring of tigers. The water is surging and the sound shakes thousands of forests, so it is called "black tiger spring". The spring is the top of the spring group. The poem "black tiger spring" written by Zhang Zhengyou, the censor of Zhihe city in Ming Dynasty, praises: "the meaning goes to the end, and the source of Tao is realized. Sometimes the drain is exhausted, but the source is endless. Product promotion black tiger wins, cooperation Jade Rainbow flow. Zhusi many famous traces, east to Ji Shengyou.

Baotu Spring, located in the western end of Peiwei, 5 meters south of Heihu spring, belongs to the northern area of spring group. Its spring has "if the person's fight but surge attack". Such as piles of snow, such as leopard from the flat rise, sound vibration Valley, potential xiongbaijian, hence the name "Baotu Spring". Zhang Wenyuan, the governor of the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem praising: "if you see this spring in the middle of a thousand ravines, you can see clearly that the leopard of the Wen Dynasty is protruding from the flat field. All the streams are suitable for the palace, and the sound of them vibrates thousands of forests. You create a pipe under the door, ripples when you get strings in the fog. After the revolution, all of us became revolutionaries.

Pearl spring, located in the west end of Peiwei, 8 meters south of Baotu Spring, belongs to the north area of spring group. The bubbles from the bottom of the spring are like strings of pearls, crystal clear and bright, curling up, like snow graupel scattered on the surface of the water, with bursts of water, light waves, teasing ripples, which is really a pleasant landscape of the spring forest. Zhang Zuo, the county magistrate of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in praise of the poem "Pearl cold surge": "cold and clear spring, struggle and wonder, ten thousand pistil pearls make ripples. The sound of Chuhui touching the stone is like swallowing. It is suspected that it was when the shark was crying.

Hongshiquan, located 200 meters south of peiweishan, is located in the courtyard of Quanlin water supply company, belonging to the eastern area of quanqun. Its water quantity is inferior to that of heihuquan. This spring is named "Hongshiquan" because it spurts red sand from the bottom of the water, such as the bloody stone. Wang Wenhan, the governor of the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem "red stone spring", which said: "the root of the canal is a piece of red sand stone, the deep test of the flat canal is just five feet, the middle stream doesn't know where it came from, and the algae color is red by the wave light.".

Xiangshuiquan, located 100 meters southwest of Hongshiquan, is now the backyard of Quanlin Station Hotel. It belongs to the eastern part of the spring group. Because the spring water flows into the Royal Bridge through the rocky slope, so the gurgling flow is clear and the sound is loud. It is said that "the spring source is 72, the first sound is strange". In the early 1980s, due to the occupation of construction land, the spring lost its original appearance. Wang Wenhan's "xiangshuiquan" poem says: "tianzai is silent. It's only because mountain ghosts let out the essence of heaven. The air swallows the sea eye, and the Dragon comes out, and the sound of it is continuous day and night.

Taomi spring, located in the south of Peiwei mountain, belongs to the eastern part of the spring group. This spring emits yellow sand as fine as grain of rice, which churns up and down with the spring flowers, just like the yellow rice washing in the clear spring water, forming a unique natural landscape, so it is called "Taomi spring". Wang Wenhan's poem "Taomi spring" says: "in a picnic, every family's rice is fragrant, and there is no need to use the well mortar to hold the pipe pestle. Linliu eliminated into a long song "what is the imperial power with".

Shuangjing spring, also known as Qingquan, is located on the North Bank of Zijin Lake in the south of Peiwei mountain, belonging to the eastern part of the spring group. From the two round holes in the stone crevice, the spring looks like a pair of crystal clear eyes from a distance, so it is called "double eye spring". Wang Wenhan's poem said: "thoroughly clear, clean as oil, wave light mix old spring and autumn.". Yi Qi here should Shuxiao, want to solve the dust tassels Zhuo upper class.

Xibo spring, located in front of Quanlin temple, belongs to the eastern part of the spring group. This spring is called "Xibo spring" because monks often come to Xibo. Wang Wenhan's "Xibo spring" says: "a stream of empty parts, according to legend bowl, from the dirt out of the dust, light life and death. Often to spring a wash, Bigu Jue drink forget hunger and thirst. In 1987, due to the construction of rainbow trout farm, the spring was occupied.

Shixuquan, located in the west of shixuquan village, belongs to the south of the spring group. The spring comes out from the crevices of the broken rocks. The water is surging, splashing flakes of snowflakes, such as flying snow, flying jade chips, lotus blossoms and pear blossoms. Enjoy this wonderful scenery, make people relaxed and happy, linger. Wang Wenhan's poem said: "lovely broken rock crack, the day spray jade scraps ring Shanshan. If you want to know that Yuanhua comes from the interior, you have to ask "back to the mountain from the East". This spring is the top of all springs in the South Road, and its water volume is no less than that of Heihu spring. In the 1970s, due to damming and ponding,

Chinese PinYin : Quan Lin Quan Qun