Weizhou Island

Weizhou Island is known as "big Penglai" Fairy Island because of its amazing waves, deep rocks, beautiful scenery and simple folk customs.

The island is rich in landscape resources, including the volcanic lava landscape Zhuzai ridge; even in hot summer, the dripping Danping that will drip and overflow at the top of the cliff is like a pearl curtain hanging down; there are many reef caves that look like seals, dolphins and seahorse starfish, which can be called the sea of animals; there are also French Catholic Church, Sanpo temple and Notre Dame temple in Shengtang village, which confirm the history of the combination of Chinese and western Footprints.

In addition, various recreational facilities are built on the island, which is an excellent place for exploring the island, fishing on the sea, bathing in the sea to pick up shellfish and diving. Weizhou Island is also the best place to enjoy the panoramic view of the sun slanting on Xieyang Island. You can also dive to see the magical and beautiful underwater ribbon.

Weizhou Island

Weizhou Island is located in the middle of Beibu Gulf, Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It faces Beihai City in the north, Leizhou Peninsula in the East, Xieyang Island in the southeast, Hainan Island in the South and Vietnam in the West.

Weizhou Island has a total area of 24.74 square kilometers

The highest altitude of the island is 79 meters. The scenic spots on the island include crocodile mountain, Dishui Danping, shiluokou, Catholic Church and wucaitan.

Weizhou Island is an island formed by volcanic eruption. It has sea erosion, marine deposit and karst landscape. It is known as "Penglai Island". It is the youngest volcanic island in China and the largest island in Guangxi.

Historical evolution

Weizhou Island belonged to Hepu County in the Han Dynasty and Shenchuan inspection department in Leizhou in the early Tang Dynasty. Weizhou inspection department was established in the 31th year of Yuan Dynasty (1294 AD) because of the unchanging edge in the song and Yuan Dynasties. Weizhou Island was located in the island of Boli village, the eighth capital of Suixi County.

In the early Ming Dynasty, it was still the capital of Xiezhou. In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374 AD), Xunsi moved to Cancun, Suixi, Leizhou, to take charge of coastal defense and Zhuchi.

Wanli six years (AD 1578) from Leizhou immigrants in the island cultivation. In the 28th year (AD 1600), the guerrilla Department moved to Yong'an post, Hepu County, Lianzhou. Since then, Weizhou was under the dual military administration of Leizhou and Lianzhou.

From the first year of Kangxi to the 11th year of Jiaqing (1692-1806), Weizhou residents were forced to move in three times, and the administrative agencies stationed on the island were abolished. However, there were still a small number of "liaomin" residents. The military control was in charge of haianying guerrilla in Xuwen County of Leizhou and Longmen Association in Hepu County of Lianzhou. Each year, it was divided into two shifts to patrol in turn.

In the last years of Xianfeng (1860 AD), 400 mainlanders came to settle in the island to avoid war, regardless of the difficulties and the government's ban.

In the sixth year of tongzhi (1867 AD), the government reopened the ban on the island in view of the fact that the houses on the island had become a reality, and moved the boat owners and people from leilian to the island. So far, the island, which has been abandoned for hundreds of years, has been revived. At that time, the French Catholic forces took advantage of the opportunity to set up churches in Shengtang village. Later, they built one church in Chengzai and one church in Xieyang Island, which was the earliest Catholic base in qinqian area.

More than 20 years after Guangxu, Weizhou was officially put under the jurisdiction of Hepu County by Leizhou. Weizhou inspection department was set up, and its military system was under the Yongan battalion of Longmen Association.

At the beginning of Xuantong, Jinghai regiment, which belonged to Hepu County, set up a "public bureau" Civil Affairs organization on the island.

From the beginning of the Republic of China to 1931, it was under the jurisdiction of Hepu Jinghai regiment and Hepu second autonomous region.

From 1936 to 1949, it was under the jurisdiction of the second administrative region, the fifth administrative region and the third administrative region of Hepu County.

Since September 13, 1938, Weizhou Island has been under Japanese barbaric rule for seven years. During this period, the island became a naval and air force base for Japanese aggressors to threaten and harass the rear area of South China.

On June 18, 1945, the people of Weizhou Island rose up to annihilate the remnant bandits, Weizhou recovered and returned to the township system led by the county.

On March 6, 1950, the people's Liberation Army crossed the sea to liberate Weizhou. The Township People's government was initially established, and it was directly under the jurisdiction of Hepu County. From August of the same year, it was under the jurisdiction of Beihai Town People's government.

In 1953, the third district was set up, with four townships of Weidong, Weixi, Weibei and Nanwan.

It was changed into Weizhou commune in 1959.

On December 17, 1994, the State Council approved (guohan No. 137): to expand the administrative area of Haicheng District, including Weizhou town (including Xieyang Island), Malan village, juntun village, Kaijiang village, Dongwei village, wengshan village, Chixi village and Gaonong village in Gaode Town, Luoke village and longgoulu village in Pingyang village, and Xitang village and Xitang village in Xitang town Biandong and Yima are under the jurisdiction of Haicheng District. The District People's government is located in Beibu Gulf Avenue. The three neighborhood committees of dadunhai, Nanwan and Xincun were put under the jurisdiction of Yinhai district.

geographical environment

Location context

Weizhou Island is located in the middle of Beibu Gulf, adjacent to Beihai City in Guangxi in the north, Leizhou Peninsula in the East, Xieyang Island in the southeast, Hainan Island in the South and Vietnam in the West. The latitude and longitude range is 20 ° 54 '- 21 ° 10'n, 109 ° 00-109 ° 15'e, with a total area of 24.74 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Weizhou Island is located on the continental shelf along the coast of Guangxi. It was a vast ocean 300 million years ago and has been on land since 285 million years ago. Until the early Tertiary period 50 million years ago, it was still in a dry and hot continental climate. It was not until 25 million years ago that the Beibu Gulf area began to subside on a large scale, forming a shallow sea shelf. By 3 million years ago, the sea water in the northern Beibu Gulf gradually receded. Until 900000 years ago, Weizhou Island became a land again, showing a state of weathering and denudation. The climate is still warm and humid with occasional drought. In the early Middle Pleistocene after 900000 years, Weizhou Island was once again below the sea level. It was not until the late Late Pleistocene after 230000 years that Weizhou Island completely rose to the surface of the sea, showing the present appearance. From 2.5 million to 7000 years later, at least four periods of hundreds of basic volcanic eruptions occurred in Weizhou area, forming the main part of the island. Among them, many ocean storms, earthquakes and tsunamis occurred in Weizhou Island. In addition to the interaction between sea water and coast, it has formed a rich and colorful landform of sea erosion, marine deposition and beach.

Weizhou Island is approximately circular in shape, about 6 km wide from east to west and 6.5 km long from north to south. From the geological point of view, Weizhou Island is a basalt platform, the surface is slightly undulating, covered with a thick layer of purple red basalt weathering. The terrain of the island is high in the South and low in the north. In the south, the East and West Gongshou areas are the highest, with an altitude of about 75 meters, and gradually incline to the north. In the north, the altitude of Beigang Village area drops to about 20 meters, and then gradually transits to a flat and wide sandy beach. The landform type is relatively simple.

The southern half of Weizhou Island is dominated by sea erosion landform, which is mature in terms of sea erosion cliffs, caves, sea erosion platforms and pillars; the northern half is dominated by marine deposition landform, including sandbanks, lakes, beaches and reefs. Among the sea erosion landforms, Nanwan coast is typical. Nanwan was originally a volcanic depression with a southern crevasse, which was submerged by sea water to form a bay surrounded by volcanic sedimentary rocks. Under the cross erosion of waves and tides, the rocks near the intertidal zone are destroyed first, and then the layered sea erosion caves are formed. After the rocks above the caves lose their support, they break or collapse along the vertical joints, and then the steep sea erosion cliffs are formed. This kind of sea erosion cliff is covered on the Bay nearly 5 km long between the East and West Gongshou, with a height of 30-50 meters and a slope of more than 75 degrees.

The sea erosion platform is a natural platform preserved at the foot of the cliff due to the continuous retreat of the sea erosion cliff. The sea erosion platform at the foot of zhuziling on the east side of Nanwan Bay is not only flat, but also has many volcanic bombs and impact craters. Every time the volcanic bomb on the platform is washed away, the waves will carry debris to continue to erode those pits, making them big and small barrel shaped Ou caves. Sometimes, some hard rock columns remain on the sea erosion platform, which is called sea erosion column. Zhuziling is a huge sea erosion pillar, 35 meters high, less than 30 meters wide, but about 100 meters long.

The beach of Weizhou Island is mainly wide and flat sandy beach, which is generally 150-300 meters wide and 4-8 meters thick. It is spread on the upper part of basalt, with basalt exposed between bank faults. The intertidal zone is generally wide, with the widest reaching 150 meters. The subtidal bandwidth is about 60 meters, with coral distribution. Below the coral is the reef flat. The coral debris broken by waves is easy to be cemented with the shell gravel to form beach rock. The beach rocks in the Beigang area of Weizhou Island extend from the ancient lagoon to the upper part of the subtidal zone and cover basalt.

The original crater has become a deep-water harbor of Nanwan. The shape of the volcano is very obvious. The crater is an arc-shaped steep wall with a height of more than 50-80 meters.

There are two new and old sandbanks in the northern part of Weizhou Island. There are three layers of sea erosion caves on the southern sea erosion cliff. There are two polar sea erosion platforms at the foot of the cliff. It reflects that Weizhou Island has been uplifting intermittently since the Quaternary, and its amplitude can be more than 20 meters.

climate

The average annual temperature of Weizhou Island is 23 ℃, and there is no frost all the year round. The average annual precipitation is 1297mm. The dry and wet seasons are obvious, and the rainy season is from June to September.

natural resources

Animal resources

As of 201

Chinese PinYin : Wei Zhou Dao