Gandan Temple

The first of the six temples of the Gelug Sect, which was built by the founder of the Gelug Sect, master zongkaba, is the ancestral temple of the Gelug Sect. Gandan Temple occupies almost half of the whole mountain, which is quite spectacular. The murals and sculptures in the temple are very exquisite, and there are many cultural relics preserved. In addition to Qianlong's armor, there are many exquisitely made silk thangkas, many of which are Jiangsu embroidery in the early Ming Dynasty. This was brought back to Lhasa from the mainland for Gandan Temple by zongkaba's disciple "Sakya Yiluo" after he went to Nanjing to be granted the title.

As Gandan temple is relatively far away, it is generally necessary to take out a separate day to play.

Gadan Temple

synonym

Gandan Temple (Gandan temple, Dazi County, Lhasa) generally refers to Gadan temple

Gadan temple, located in Dazi District of Lhasa City, is located on wangbori mountain, 3800 meters above sea level, on the South Bank of Lhasa River. Wangbori mountain is like a giant elephant lying on its back, carrying a large-scale building complex full of depressions, which fully reflects the magnificence of traditional Tibetan Buddhist monasteries, which are built in accordance with local conditions, with temples standing beside mountains and overlapping buildings.

The temple is the most special one among the six temples of the Yellow religion. It was built by zongkaba, the founder of Gelu sect of Tibetan Buddhism, in 1409. It can be said that it is the ancestral temple of Gelu sect, and was once named Yongshou Temple by Emperor Shizong of Qing Dynasty.

Gadan temple is the ancestral temple of Gelug Sect. Together with Drepung temple and sera temple, it is called Lhasa's "three great temples". Emperor Shizong of Qing Dynasty once named it Yongshou temple. The full name of the temple is "Gandan langjielin". Gandan is transliterated from Tibetan, which means "douhutian". This is the world enlightened by Maitreya in the future.

The monks of Gadan Temple believe in "Maitreya pure land". Gandan Chiba, the successor of the Dharma seat of zongkaba and the leader of Gelug Sect, lived in this temple. There are more than 90 pagodas of Gandan Chiba's remains in the temple, and many cultural relics and handicrafts from the Ming Dynasty.

Cultural relics protection

Gadan temple is a key cultural relic protection unit in China. It is composed of more than 50 buildings, mainly including tsoqin hall, zongkaba dormitory hall, yangbaqian Scripture courtyard, zongkaba Lingta temple, jiangzizhacang, xiazizhacang, 23 Kang villages and 20 Mi villages. It is composed of tsoqin hall, jiangzizhacang, xiazizhacang, 23 Kangcun villages and 20 meters. Built in 1409, the tsoqin hall is 43.8 meters wide and 44.7 meters deep. It has 108 pillars and can hold 3300 monks chanting sutras at the same time.

At first (1409 A.D.) the three storey hall was built with the support of suolandoji of Dazi zongben. It was built by the king of Tibet in 1720 and expanded by jinmeiduoji in 1749, gradually forming a certain scale.

Layout structure

Gadan temple is mainly dedicated to the future Buddha Qiangba Buddha, and later to zongkaba and other gilded bronze Buddha. In the hall, there are five Golden Lions carrying the Dharma seat, named "Gandan Shichi", which is the Dharma seat after zongkaba founded the Yellow religion. There is a small hall on the left side of the back of the hall. There is a group of shadow sculptures on the forehead of the door, which are extremely fine and realistic. In the small hall, there is a meditation bed of zongkaba and a complete set of Tibetan scriptures of ganzhur and danzhur written in pure gold juice. The setting, utensils and decorations in the hall are all relics of the Ming Dynasty. There is a big column in the hall, which is very strange. It is a palm thick distance from the ground. People who go to Gandan temple to worship Buddha have to touch the bottom of the column to pray for good luck.

There are 23 Kang villages in Gandan temple, each of which has a small Sutra hall. Most of them are two-story buildings, with an area of more than 400 square meters. Generally, they can hold 200 lamas chanting sutras at the same time. There are 20 Mi villages in Gandan temple. In addition, there is a 9-story palace built in Gandan Temple by Dazi zongben, the main benefactor of Gandan temple.

Temple Heritage

Gandan temple, founded in 1409 A.D. in the seventh year of Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty, is the first Gelug Temple of Tibetan Buddhism founded by zongkaba, the founder of Gelug Sect, with the support of local political leaders such as Zaba jianzan, the king of Bamba and nawushi benrenqinsangbu. Since then, zongkaba has lived in this temple for a long time and turned to the great Falun. After the death of the great master, his great disciple, jiacaojie damarenqin (1364-1432 A.D.) and the conqueror, Jie gelebessandi, inherited his Dharma seat, which was called "seat master" (Chiba). From then on, the inheritance system of Gandan Chiba came into being.

Gandan temple is divided into two big ZHACANG, namely jiangzizhacang and xiazizhacang, which laid the foundation of Gelug school. At first, people called it "Gandan Temple School", which is called "Gandan school" for short. Later, it evolved into "Gelu school", which means "Shanxian (or Shanlu) school". In addition, they are also called "new Kadang school".

The establishment of Gandan Temple marks the appearance of zongkaba and his followers in Tibetan Buddhist circles as independent of other sects.

Related allusions

The hall of Tsongkhapa, or "chitukang", is the place where Tsongkhapa and his successive Gandan Chiba lived and practiced the secret Dharma during their lifetime. It was built in 1409, expanded in 1720 and covered with a golden roof during the seventh Dalai Lama.

Inside the hall, there are gold-plated bronze statues of Manjusri Bodhisattva, Zunsheng Buddha mother (called "cuodaonamumaya" in Tibetan) and Dabai umbrella Buddha mother (called "Duga" in Tibetan). In the hall, there are also four "Jinke" (namely, Mandala, also known as paradise) of the Huangjiao sect, namely, sangwangduoba (dense Vajra), Dunqu (DA Le Vajra), Jiji (Da Wei De Vajra) and dojicha (Vajra hand Buddha), and there are cassocks, cushions and seals used by zongkaba before his death. The hall is also called "the hall of keeping clothes" because it contains the clothes used by zongkaba and Gandan Chiba.

The scale

On the left side of the tsoqin Hall (also known as the laki Hall) is the yangbaqian Scripture court, which is four stories high and has 72 columns, covering an area of 800 square meters. It was built in 1409 and completed in 1416. In 1610, the fourth Panchen Lama luosang built a golden roof. There is a huge stone on the back wall of the hall. It is said that it was transported from yangbaqian, India. Therefore, the hall is called "yangbaqian", which is the main Dharma protection Temple of the temple.

It is said that the statue is 10 cm higher than the statue of Sakyamuni, the main Buddha in the Jokhang Temple. Its niches are also made of gold-plated copper and inlaid with various pearls and gems, which is extremely gorgeous.

The temple of Dharma protection is also built in the scripture hall. It is mainly used for a large statue of fearsome Vajra clay. It is hideous and terrifying. Its body color is blue and black. The head of buffalo is connected with Yin and Yang. It has 9 sides, 34 arms and 16 feet. It holds all kinds of magic weapons and treads on all kinds of demons. In addition, there are 32 statues of Dharma protector "dangqinqujie", "daheitian" and "sangwangsiba" Palu immovable Buddha. On the left, there are 62 statues of auspicious lunshengle Luyi, on the right, there are 13 statues of yoga, Jin Gangjie and three mandalas. These mandarines are all made of gilded copper. Among them, the statues are all made of silver. They are finely molded and resplendent. In addition to the beautiful murals around them, the hanging banners, and the gorgeous columns and beams, they look like the Dragon Palace.

The highest floor of yangbaqian Scripture academy is zongkaba Lingta temple, namely "setongkang". It has three floors and covers an area of 360 square meters.

On October 25, 1419, zongkaba passed away in chitukang. In 1420, his disciple damarenqin built the temple, and built a silver tower with 900 liang of silver in the hall to preserve zongkaba's body remains. At the beginning, the pagoda was wrapped in silver skin. Later, when the tenth term of Gandan chibagendun pingcuo (also known as "Yixi baisang"), it was said that the one-year tax revenue of Gushi Khan turned into gold, which was all wrapped in the body of the pagoda and decorated with precious jewelry, making it a very rich pagoda. In 1921, the 13th Dalai Lama (tudenjiacuo) repaired the pagoda and hall, which was more gorgeous in appearance.

Around the pagoda, there are 7 ancestral pagodas, such as Jiangyang zanggu. Zongkaba's pagoda is covered with a yurt like sandalwood tent. There is a curtain inside the tent. The top of the pagoda is covered with an umbrella, which is very beautiful. Since then, every Gandan Chiba has built a pagoda in this hall after his death. On the eve of liberation, 95 pagodas have been built.

Temple of Rima

In the Lama Temple of Gandan temple, there are more than 100 statues of Sakyamuni subduing demons, which are presented by Dharma king zabajianzan to zongkaba, and more than 10 statues of Sakyamuni Buddha, Qiangba Buddha, Manjusri Bodhisattva and zongkaba, which are mainly from the mandala of vajrayama, who are studying Tantra. It is said that the hall of Sakyamuni Nengren provides more than 10 statues of Buddhas, such as Sakyamuni Buddha, Qiangba Buddha, Manjusri Bodhisattva and zongkaba There are more than ten gold-plated bronze statues of zongkaba, jiacaoxingjie and kezhujie, and embroidered thangkas for 16 statues. There are teeth and relic of zongkaba, natural Bodhisattva Shi Wenshu and the main master of zongkaba, the big white umbrella cover Buddha mother zhaoka, and the hand-made clay statue of zongkaba. In addition, there are also Ivory Buddha statues that are said to have been carved by Sakyamuni himself, ivory Buddha statues that are made by Longshu in the sand of Ganges River, Buddha statues that are made by Longshu in the sand of Ganges River, and zongba statues that are stored in the hair of zongkaba.

Two big warehouses

There are two ZHACANG in Gandan temple, xiazizhacang and jiangzizhacang. Jiangzizacang (meaning "Beiding monastery") is the bedroom of the second Gandan chibak master, and also his daily retreat

Chinese PinYin : Gan Dan Si