Hualien port

Hualien port, located in Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan, is one of the main ports in Taiwan. Facing the Pacific Ocean in the East and the central mountains in the west, it is an artificial harbor formed by the closure of East and West breakwaters. Now it's the first place to go out to see whales.

Hualien port

Hualien port, located in Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan Province, is one of the main ports in Taiwan Province. Facing the Pacific Ocean in the East and the central mountains in the west, it is an artificial harbor formed by the closure of East and West breakwaters. On September 1, 1963 (1963), it was opened as an international commercial port and the Hualien Port Authority was established. At present, there are 25 wharves with an annual handling capacity of 34 million tons. In addition, there are 6 warehouses with 15 rooms, 38 storage yards, 1 temporary container terminal, 4 port service tugs and 1 traffic boat. The port facilities are very complete, which can undertake the industrial development and port transportation functions in the eastern region. The main source of goods in the port is bulk goods with regional characteristics, such as sand, cement and clinker.

General situation

Hualien port is located in the east of Taiwan Province, facing the Pacific Ocean and the central mountains in the West. It is the only international port in the East. The latitude and longitude of the port are (23 degrees 59 minutes north latitude, 121 degrees 37 minutes east longitude). From June to September, typhoons often occur in different seasons. The tidal range of spring tide is 2m, and that of neap tide is 0.6m. The port can access 60000 DWT ships. Hualian port was built from 1931 to 1939. At that time, it could berth three ships of 3000 tons, with an annual throughput of 300000 tons. The construction of a 12-16.5m deep-water wharf is expected to increase the annual throughput to 30 million tons.

Hualian port is located in the northeast corner of Hualian City, formerly known as Huilan port. Hualian river flows into the Pacific Ocean here. It was originally a coastal swamp. After artificial excavation and development, it has become one of the four major international ports in the province. Its breakwater is rare in the world.

The construction of Hualien port began in the 19th year of the Republic of China. Up to now, it has been built by the Japanese and expanded four times by the government after the restoration of Taiwan. However, Hualien port is not covered by natural headland bay or bay Bay because of the artificial harbor built by the East-West breakwaters, and because of the canyon, steep terrain and the wave effect of summer typhoon in the open sea of Eastern Taiwan, Hualien port is faced with the problem of harbor oscillation.

In 2001, it became a sister port with Ishigaki port in Japan.

The origin of the name

Hualian port is the homonym of "Huilan port". In the 17th year of Jiaqing (1812 AD), some Han people began to move from Ilan to reclaim land. When they saw the river running day and night, it was always in a lingering state with the impact of the waves, so they called it "Huilan port".

The homonym of "Huilan port" is "Hualian port", which was found in 1874, when Shen Baozhen invited Houshan road to open and set up Fuken committee members: "divide Dongtai into three roads, run by general Wu Guangliang. The south is Beinan, the middle is pushige, and the north is Hualian port. " "Papaya is the most powerful. It comes from poverty. Xuanwu forces are divided into Dongao, danan'ao, dachuoshui, deqili, Xincheng, jialiwan, hualiangang, wuquancheng, etc. in case of danger." Hence the name of Hualien port.

Historical evolution

During the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, the road between Suao town and Hualien port was completed in 1931 (now Suhua highway is a section of line 9 of Taiwan), which made the land connection between Hualien port and Northern Taiwan smooth. However, the transportation of goods was not convenient. The governor's office of Taiwan thinks that this problem has not been solved, the transportation facilities in Eastern Taiwan are still not perfect, and there are still great obstacles to local development.

Therefore, the construction of the commercial port of hualiangang Street (Milun, now known as hualianmeilun) started with a total expenditure of 7.42 million yen in eight years since the same year. In 1939, three wharves were completed, which could berth 3000 DWT cargo ships. In 1940, the hydropower project in eastern China was completed. It was planned to set up a large number of port industries such as aluminum, electricity, nitrogen, metal refining, etc. to expand the port, the second phase of the port construction project was started with 5 million yen, which was scheduled to be completed in 1944. However, due to the Pacific War, the project virtually stopped.

The existence of Hualien port plays an important role in Hualien economy. Many large enterprises in Hualien are located here because of the existence of Hualien port,

Hualien port was devastated in the early postwar period. Its annual handling capacity was only a few hundred thousand tons, and there were only a few hundred ships entering the port. Until 2000, its annual handling capacity was more than 17 million tons, and there were more than two thousand ships entering the port. From loss to surplus, it achieved the task of driving the economy of Eastern Taiwan, and became an internationally famous commercial port, which can be said to be a steady progress. In line with the government's policy of "transporting sand from the east to the West (North)" to relieve the shortage of sand and gravel in the northern region, the traffic volume of Hualien port began to decline slightly as the nearby Heping cement special port in Heping Village, Xiulin Township began to operate.

In 2001, it became a sister port with Ishigaki port in Japan.

Port configuration

In 1931, the Japanese government started the construction of Hualien port, which was completed and put into use in 1939. In 1963, Hualien port was upgraded to an international port. The land area of the port area is 93.8 hectares, and that of the outer port is 104.2 hectares. The waterway water of the port area is 9.7-17.5 meters, which can accommodate 15000 DWT ships. The water depth of each main waterway in the port area is 10 meters. The Berthing Energy of ships in the port area is 16 ships in the inner port and 6 ships in the outer port, with a total of 22 ships. The anchorage area is 7200 square meters. By the early 1990s, the port had 22 operating wharves, with a total length of 4025 meters, 4 cranes, 25 stackers and 4 tugs. In addition, there are also one shallow water wharf, one boat canal, one ship repair slide and one caisson canal. The island's internal routes are connected with su'ao, Keelung in the north, Lanyu, green island, Kaohsiung and Penghu in the south, and international routes are all over the United States, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Australia and Southeast Asia.

Hualien port is mainly used for general bulk cargo transportation. The outward cargo is mainly non-metallic mineral products and mineral products, paper and paper products and processed food, etc.; the inward cargo is mainly forest products, energy mineral products and non-metallic mineral products, etc. In 2002, there were 2336 ships entering the port, with a gross tonnage of 15.55 million tons; 2337 ships leaving the port, with a gross tonnage of 15.56 million tons, with a total of 4673 ships entering and leaving the port; the gross tonnage of 31.11 million tons; the cargo throughput was 20.33 million tons, with a cargo handling capacity of 17.16 million tons. Since 1996, Hualien port began to transport import and export containers, but the volume was extremely unstable, and then stopped container transportation.

development

Initial stage of construction

During the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, the director of Hualien Department tried his best to build the port facilities of Hualien port. Finally, under the consideration of the Japanese government's eagerness to transport the rice, sugar and aluminum materials produced in Hualien port back to Japan, the construction of Hualien port was started in October of the Republic of China. In total, it took nine years to complete three Docks (410 meters in total length) with a depth of 7.5 meters, 70 meters for the channel, 1330 meters for the East dike, 200 meters for the T-shaped West dike and nine warehouses. This is the earliest rudiment of Hualien port construction, which can accommodate three 3000 DWT ships with an annual throughput of 200000 tons. The initial port shape is shown in Figure 2-1, which is the offshore part of the constricted channel.

Phase IV expansion

After Taiwan's recovery, the government implemented the economic construction plan, and the economy developed by leaps and bounds. As a result, the material circulation of Hualien port increased. The material transportation task of Hualien port in the eastern region could not be carried by the port equipment at that time. From 1959 to 1980, the government gradually expanded the port facilities of Hualien port. During this period, four phases of expansion projects were drawn up. Due to the shortcomings of the port facilities caused by the natural environment, the port facilities were gradually expanded and improved. (1) Phase I extension project:

The expansion project of this phase has been completed in total: the water depth is 8.5 meters, which can be used for berthing 10000 DWT cargo ships. There are two docks with a total length of 320 meters; the shallow water wharf is 200 meters; the revetment is 335 meters, and the channel is maintained at 70 meters. After the completion of this project (the construction period is from April 1959 to October 51), the water area of Hualien port will increase by 96000 square meters, and the annual throughput will increase to 500000 tons. The port shape of phase I project is shown in the purple part of Figure 1-1, and the land survey part of inner port.

(2) Phase II and III expansion project

Due to the increasing number of industries in Huadong area, especially the supply and demand of pulp, cement, stone and other products and raw materials, the transportation of these bulk goods depends on the handling of Hualien port, so the construction of Hualien port is becoming more and more difficult. Both the length of the wharf and the width of the channel need to be expanded and dredged.

During the period from September 1969 to September 67, i.e. the second and third expansion projects, the port facilities of Hualian port were expanded as follows: the construction of B jetty, the construction of 11 wharves with a water depth of 6.5 m to 10.5 m to accommodate 15000 class large ships; the widening of the channel to 100 m and the improvement of the channel to 1024 m; the construction of B small ship channel; and the construction of B wharf warehouse. The water area of Hong Kong has expanded to 356000 square meters and the annual throughput has increased to 232 tons. The port shape of phase II and phase III is shown in the green and pink parts of Figure 2-1 respectively, that is, the inner port area.

(3) Phase IV expansion project

From July to August 1978

Chinese PinYin : Hua Lian Gang