Radix Isatidis

Radix Isatidis

(compendium)

[synonym] indigo root (Ben Cao Bian Du), indigo root (classified herbal medicine), indigo root (empirical identification of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the root of Songlan and caodaqing in Cruciferae, or the rhizome and root of Malan in Acanthaceae.

[plant morphology] 1. Isatis indigotica (Tang materia medica), also known as big blue (salvaging materia medica).

Herbs Biennial. The taproot is long, 5-8 mm in diameter, and the outer skin is grayish yellow. Stem erect, 40-90 cm high. Leaves alternate; basal leaves larger, petiolate, leaves oblong elliptic; cauline leaves oblong to oblong oblanceolate, lower leaves larger, gradually smaller, 3.5-11 cm long, 0.5-3 cm wide, apex obtuse, base sagittate, semiamplexicaul, entire or inconspicuous serrate. Broad raceme: flowers small, 3-4 mm in diameter, without bract, pedicel slender; calyx 4, green; petals 4, yellow, obovate; stamens 6, 4 strong; pistil 1, oblong. Long horned fruit oblong, flat winged, with middle rib. 1 seed. The flowering period is May. The fruit period is June.

Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Guizhou and other places, often cultivated.

② The leaf base of this species is round, and the top of the fruit is obtuse, round and concave. The flowering period is May. The fruit period is June.

It is distributed in the Yangtze River Valley and cultivated in Jiangsu, Gansu and other places.

③ Malan (the book of Materia Medica), also known as "Erya", Daye Donglan (Erya, Guo Pu's note), Dalan (Liu Yuxi's chuanxinfang), Qinglan (Lvyan's materia medica), Banlan (compendium), Shanlan.

Herbs perennial, shrubby. The stem is erect, up to 1 meter high, the stem node is obvious, with blunt edges. Leaves opposite; petiole 1-2 cm long; leaf obovate oblong to ovate oblong, or elliptic lanceolate, 5-16 cm long, 2.5-6 cm wide, apex acuminate, base narrower, margin shallowly serrate. Inflorescence terminal; bracts leaflike, 1-2 cm long, falling early; calyx 5-lobed, 4-lobed linear, the other one larger; corolla funnel-shaped, lavender, 5-lobed, lobes short and broad; stamens 4,2-strong, inserted above corolla tube; ovary superior, style slender. Capsule, containing 4 seeds.

It is found in the humid area of mountain forest margin. Wild or cultivated. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei and other places.

The leaves of the above plants or leaves with young branches (Folium Isatidis) and their processed products (indigo naturalis and indigo indigo) are also used for medicinal purposes. Please refer to the special provisions for details.

[collection] collect in early winter, remove stems and leaves, wash and dry.

Radix Isatidis

Also known as big blue root. It is the dry root of Isatis indigotica or Isatis indigotica. It is a slender cylinder, about 10-20-30 cm long and 3-8 mm in diameter. The surface is light grayish yellow, rough, with longitudinal wrinkles and transverse markings, and branch root marks. The head of the root is slightly expanded, and there is a pit at the top. There are dark green petiole residues around. The thicker root has dense verrucous protuberances and gray brown petiole marks arranged in wheel. It is solid and brittle, with yellowish white to light brown skin and yellow xylem. The air is weak and the taste is sweet. The root is straight, strong, solid and powdery.

Mainly produced in Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places.

② Ma Langen

Also known as: Blue Dragon root, Earth Dragon root. It is the dry rhizome and root of Malan, with a total length of 10-30 cm and grayish brown. The rhizome is cylindrical, about 2-6 mm in diameter, with short aerial stem on the upper part. The aerial stem has opposite branches, and the rhizome has expanded nodes. On the nodes, there are slightly thick rhizomes and slender fibrous roots. The root is slender and slightly curved with fine wrinkles on the surface. The rhizome and aboveground stem are brittle and easy to break, the section is not flat, slightly fibrous, with large pith in the center; the rhizome is flexible. There is no breath, and the taste is light. It is better to have uniform length and thickness.

Mainly produced in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

[chemical constituents] the root of Isatis indigotica contains isatin, β - sitosterol, isatin, isatis root crystal B, isatis root crystal C and isatis root crystal D. It also contains plant protein, resin, sugar and so on. The amino acids in roots were arginine, proline, glutamic acid, tyrosine, gamma aminobutyric acid, valine and leucine. It also contains glucosinolate. It also contains antibacterial substances and motilin against gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

There are anthraquinones and β - sitosterol in Malan root.

[pharmacological action] ① antibacterial and antiviral action

Isatis indigotica root has effect on many kinds of bacteria. The water extract has inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, octococcus, Escherichia coli, typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid A, Shigella, Freund's bacillus, Enterobacter enteritidis, etc.; the acetone extract also has similar effect, and has effect on hemolytic streptococcus (all by agar plate method). The antibacterial activity against meningococcus a was similar to that of garlic and honeysuckle. Some people think that isatidin is the effective component of Radix Isatidis and Folium Isatidis. The results show that indioside has no antibacterial effect in vivo and in vitro, and its antiviral effect in vitro is not prominent, and its excretion in vivo is fast, so it is considered that it has no obvious physiological and antibacterial activity. The effective components of the drug need to be studied.

② Anti leptospiral effect

1: More than 100 roots or leaves of Isatis indigotica can kill Leptospira in vitro.

③ Detoxification

It is reported that taking Isatis indigotica and Coptis chinensis powder together with Veratrum (2.0 g / kg each) for dogs can detoxify Veratrum and reduce the mortality. If it is used again after Veratrum poisoning, it is ineffective. If Isatis indigotica powder or Coptis chinensis powder is used separately, the effect is not good.

[processing] clean impurities, wash, moisten, slice and dry.

Bitter, cold.

① "Materia medica:" bitter, cold, non-toxic. "

② Classification of herbal medicine: cool. "

[Guijing] "Ben Cao Bian Du": "into the liver, stomach blood points. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, detoxifying and cooling blood. It can cure influenza, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, encephalitis B, pneumonia, erysipelas, heat toxin, spots, dizziness, vomiting, sore throat, mumps, burning eye, sore rash, dark purple tongue, throat obstruction, rotten throat, Dan Sha, big head plague, carbuncle; it can prevent and treat epidemic encephalitis B, acute and chronic hepatitis, epidemic mumps, and bone marrow inflammation.

① "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "to cure Tianxing heat toxin. "

② "Ben Cao Shu": "treating Tianxing big head heat poison. "

③ "Ben Cao Bian Du": "clearing away heat and toxin, eliminating epidemic disease and killing insects. "

④ "Classified herbal medicine nature": it can relieve all kinds of poisons and sores, disperse poisons and remove fire, mash juice or take it or apply it. "

⑤ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "malangen is a cool, antipyretic and antidote for erysipelas and puerperal fever. "

⑥ "Clearing fire and detoxifying, cooling blood and hemostasis" is one of the most important contents in the history of traditional Chinese medicine. Treatment of fever, erysipelas, sore throat, big head plague, and hematemesis, bleeding and other diseases. "

⑦ "Liaoning commonly used Chinese herbal medicine manual": "treat hepatitis, mumps. "

⑧ "Common Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai": treating cold and fever. "

⑨ "Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine": "treatment of encephalitis B, influenza, meningitis, pharyngitis, stomatitis, tonsillitis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang.

[should avoid] people who are deficient in body but have no real heat poison should not take it.

[selection] 1. Treatment of influenza: Radix Isatidis and Radix Notopterygii. Decoction, twice a day, two to three days. (selected prescriptions and herbs of Jiangsu Province)

② For the first time, I feel sick of cold and weight. For the second time, my head and face are swollen. I can't open my eyes. My throat is not good. I'm thirsty and my tongue is dry. I have five cents for Scutellaria baicalensis (fried with wine) and Coptis chinensis (fried with wine), two cents for tangerine peel (peeled with white), licorice , Scrophularia Scrophularia, one cent for Forsythia suspensa, isatis root, Mabo, rat mucus, mint, seven cents for Bombyx Batryticatus and Cimicifuga, two cents for Bupleurum and Platycodon grandiflorum. For the end of the soup, take it from time to time, or honey mixed for pills, hold. (Li Gao, Puji Xiaodu drink)

③ Prevention of mumps: Banlangen, shancigu each one or two, forsythia eight money, licorice six money, indigo one money (Chongfu). Soak it in water for half an hour, put it into a large sand pot, add 800-1000 ml water, fry it into 500 ml, divide it into 10 parts, and put it into a small bottle. Children over 4 years old should take 15ml once a day; children 1-3 years old should take 10ml once a day, warm. (selected works of the whole exhibition: Patriotic Health)

④ Treatment of hepatitis: Banlangen one or two. Take it in water. (Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in Liaoning)

⑤ Treatment of liver cirrhosis: Banlangen one or two, Yinchen four money, Yujin two money, Yimi three money. Take it in water. (Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in Liaoning)

⑥ Cure pox rash not fast: Banlangen one or two, licorice three (file, fried). On the same as the fine powder, each serving half money or a money, take the cock crown blood three or two points, with a little wine, after eating, with the next. (on Yan's prescriptions for children)

[clinical application] ① prevention and treatment of Japanese encephalitis

Take 3 Qian Decoction of Radix Isatidis for prevention, one dose a day for 5 days. Treatment with 50% or 200% Banlangen injection 2 ml intramuscular injection each time, 2 ~ 3 times a day. They can also be taken twice a day or twice a day for adults under the age of 13 years, and once or twice a day for 2 to 4 weeks. In the course of treatment, it is necessary to cooperate with acupuncture, western medicine and other symptomatic treatment and support therapy. According to clinical observation, Radix Isatidis has the effect of clearing away heat and toxin, eliminating early inflammatory changes, and making pathogenic heat reach the outside. Early application, combined with symptomatic treatment, can greatly improve the therapeutic effect. According to the observation of 190 cases, the cure rate is more than 90%. Most diseases

Chinese PinYin : Ban Lan Gen