windflower

Chinese name (Ben Jing)

Root class

[synonym] ye zhangren, the messenger of King Hu ("Ben Jing"), Bai tougong ("Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu").

[source] it is the root of Pulsatilla chinensis.

[plant morphology] Pulsatilla, also known as Naihe grass (Wupu materia medica), fenrushao, fencao, Pulsatilla (Lvyan materia medica), laoheshangtou, laoguanhua, laogucao, haobi flower, mouse tail flower, cat claw flower, chrysanthemum seedling, laowenhua, mountain.

Perennial herb, 10-40 cm high, densely covered with white villous. The taproot is larger. The leaves are small in Florescence and enlarged after fruiting; the petioles are long and the base is wide or sheathed; the leaflets are divided again in 3 compound leaves; the lobes are obovate or oblong, with 1-3 irregular lobes at the apex, green on the top, light green on the bottom and white villous on the bottom. The flower is open, single, terminal; the stem is rooted, more than 10 cm high; the involucre is composed of 3 bracts, the bracts are usually 3-cleft, the base is healed and embracing the stem; the diameter of the flower is 3-4 cm, the perianth is 6, arranged in 2 inner and outer rings, purple, petal, ovate oblong or round, 3-3.5 cm long, 1.2-1.5 cm wide, covered with white pubescence; the stamens are many, about 1 / 2 of the perianth length, the flower is smooth Anthers basifixed, yellow; pistils numerous, style filiform, densely covered with long white hairs. Achenes numerous, densely capitate, style persistent, long feathery. The flowering period is from March to May. The fruit period is from May to June.

Born in the mountains, slopes and fields. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu and other places.

The stem and leaf (stem and leaf) and flower (flower) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

In addition, the following plants of the same genus also have the same medicinal effect:

① Pulsatilla chinensis

The root leaves are pinnately divided 2 times, and the final lobes are linear lanceolate, 4-10 mm wide, apex acute, with 1-several coarse sharp serrations above; the flowers are light blue purple, perianth oblong, 2-2.8 cm long.

It is distributed in Northeast China.

② Korean Pulsatilla

Two pairs of lateral complete lobes are sessile, one of them is broad rhombic and 2-3-cleft; flowers are bright red or purplish red.

It is distributed in Northeast China.

③ Anemone cyanophylla

Root leaves 3 times pinnate division, the final lobes narrow linear, 1-2.5 mm wide; flowers large, blue purple, perianth segments not reflexed, outside is covered with hairs.

Distribution of northeast and Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other places.

④ Mongolian Pulsatilla

Basal leaves 2-3-lobed, final lobes 0.8-1.5 mm wide, lateral lobes sessile, subpinnately lobed, glabrous above and villous below; flowers purple, perianth densely villous outside.

It is distributed in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang.

[collection] dig before flowering in spring, remove the aboveground stems, keep the white hairs on the head of the roots, remove the soil and dry them.

[medicinal material] the dried roots are cylindrical to conical, slightly twisted or with broken skin, 6-15 cm long and 0.5-1.7 cm in diameter. The outer skin is yellowish brown or grayish brown, most of which have fallen off, and the residue is easy to peel off. Those without outer skin are grayish yellow or light yellowish brown, with longitudinal wrinkles and mottled root scars, and there are reticular cracks or fissures at the broken skin. At the top of the root head, there are many white trichomes and the traces of stems and leaves are removed. It's hard and brittle. The cross section is flat, yellow white or light yellow brown on the outside and light yellow on the core. It is better to have long, neat, grayish yellow appearance and white Tricholoma on the head of root.

It is mainly produced in Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and Hebei. In addition, it is also produced in Henan, Shandong, Jilin, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Heilongjiang and other places.

The varieties of commercial Pulsatilla used in different places are quite different, and the main ones are: the roots of Rosaceae plants or the roots with aboveground parts (see "Potentilla" strip), which are used in Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places; the roots or the whole grass with roots (see "Potentilla" strip), which are used in Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangsu and other places In western, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places, the roots of Ranunculaceae plant Gossypium hirsutum (see "wild cotton roots") are used in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu and other places, the roots of powanhuahua (see "powanhuahua") are used in Gansu and other places, and the roots of Dahurian wildgrass (see "dahurian wildgrass roots") are used in Sichuan, Gansu and other places.

[chemical constituents] the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis, Pulsatilla dahurica, Pulsatilla koreana and Pulsatilla tenuifolia contain about 9% saponins. After hydrolysis, triterpenoid aglycone, glucose, rhamnose and an unknown sugar are produced. It also contains anemone (also known as anemone), which is a strong cardiotoxin. However, the whole herb with roots removed has cardiotonic effect. Its cardiotonic components are Wengling and wengyin

[processing] clean the impurities, wash them, moisten them thoroughly, and then slice and dry them in the sun.

Bitter, cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter, warm and nontoxic. "

② Bielu: "poisonous. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "it tastes sweet and bitter, and has little poison. "

④ Li Gao: "bitter taste, cold nature. "

[channel tropism] into the large intestine, liver and stomach channels.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the heart and kidney meridians. "

② According to the book of Materia Medica, the blood points of the Foot Yangming Meridian are as follows. "

③ "Changsha medicine solution" said: "into the foot Shaoyang gallbladder, foot Jueyin liver meridian. "

Functions and indications: clearing heat, cooling blood and detoxifying. Treatment of heat toxin, blood dysentery, warm malaria, cold and heat, epistaxis, hemorrhoids.

① Ben Jing: "it is mainly febrile and febrile. It is easy to get cold and heat. It accumulates all kinds of galls and galls. It can expel blood and relieve pain. It can also cause golden sores. "

② "BIE Lu": "(Zhu) Bi Yu. "

③ Tao Hongjing: "cure toxic dysentery. "

④ "Theory of medicinal properties": "it can stop abdominal pain and red poison dysentery, treat toothache, and mainly treat tumors under the neck. "It's a pain of bones. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "it can cure all social customs, warm waist and knees, improve eyesight and eliminate redundant. The function is the same as above. "

⑥ "Shanghanyunyao": "heat toxin, dysentery, purple blood is appropriate. "

⑦ "Materia medica Huiyan": "cool blood, remove blood stasis, remove dampness and toxin. "

⑧ "Materia medica preparation": it can treat alopecia, scrofula, hernia scrofula, blood hemorrhoids, partial falling, improve eyesight and eliminate warts. "

⑨ "Gangmu Shiyi": "remove intestinal dirt, eliminate accumulation stagnation. "

⑩ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "treating pharyngeal swelling. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-5 yuan (fresh 0.5-1 Liang); or into the pill, powder. External use: tamping.

[taboo] it is forbidden to take the medicine for deficiency cold and diarrhea.

① "On medicinal properties": "the dolphin is a real envoy. "

② Rihuazi materia medica: "good wine. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, "it is forbidden to stagnate the stomach and not think about food, and not to melt the grain after Liwan. Diarrhea is due to deficiency of cold and dampness, but not due to dampness and toxin. "

④ "Materia Medica from the new": blood without heat is taboo. "

[formula selection] ① treatment of heat dysentery: 2 liang of Pulsatilla, 3 liang of Pulsatilla and 3 liang of Pulsatilla. For the four flavors, take seven liters of water, boil two liters and remove the dross. The more you warm up, the better. (Baitouweng Decoction in the Golden Chamber)

② Cure rest dysentery, day and night, abdominal cold pain: one or two Pulsatillae, two or two Huangdan (and Pulsatillae into the iron bottle to make red), one or two (crack, file), half liter scopoletin (with water to float, boil to bud, dry, fry to yellow black), two or two (burn to make juice). On a piece of medicine, mash for the end, to boil batter and pills, such as Zida. Before each meal, drink ten pills with porridge. (shenghuifang Pulsatilla pill)

③ For the treatment of dysentery caused by cold labor and postpartum delivery of women: half Liang and two liang of Pulsatilla (to remove the head of reed). The first two flavors are the end. Use one liter of rice vinegar and half of the medicine. First boil it into decoction, add the remaining medicine powder, and take 30 pills of Hewan pill each time. Before eating hollow food, drink rice. (Baitouweng pill in Shengji Zonglu)

④ For the treatment of postpartum deficiency, the following ingredients are used: Radix Pulsatillae, Rhizoma Aconiti, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri, Cortex Phellodendri, etc. Take it at three different temperatures. (Baitouweng and Gancao Ejiao Decoction in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑤ Treatment of infantile heat toxin diarrhea, such as fish brain: Pulsatilla half, Coptis two half (to beard, micro fry), acid one or two (micro fry, file). On the piece of medicine, pound rent Luo for powder, each take a money, with water a small cup, fry to five minutes, to dross. Regardless of the time, the amount of children, plus or minus the service. (shenghuifang Baitouweng powder)

⑥ Treatment of warm malaria attack, coma like death: Pulsatilla one or two, each two money, licorice seven points. Take it in water. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑦ Treatment of external hemorrhoids swelling and pain: anemone root tamping smear. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

⑧ For the treatment of the disease, the body is cold and hot: two liang of Pulsatilla, one or two of tail, tree and Pinellia. Stir fry for the end, each serve three money, white soup transfer. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑨ Treatment of small Yin Decadence: the root of Anemone, do not ask how much, pound it, with the disease to apply, a night as a sore, 20 days. (xiaopinfang)

[clinical application] 1

Adults take 15-30g of Pulsatilla rhizome every day, decocted in water, 3 times, 7 days as a course of treatment. According to the observation of 23 cases, the frequency of defecation and red and white mucus were significantly reduced after administration. The average time of negative conversion of amoeba by stool microscopy was 1.4 days. The ulcer healed rapidly and all cases were cured in an average of 7 days. Another report

Chinese PinYin : Bai Tou Weng