Ligusticum

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Gaolong (Shanhaijing), Guiqing, Dixin (Benjing), shanpeng, Weixiang (Guangya), Weigan (bielu), Gaoban (Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] rhizomes and roots of Ligusticum, Ligusticum liaoense and Ligusticum huoense.

[plant morphology] 1. Ligusticum, also known as Shanyuan coriander.

Perennial herbs. The stem is erect, hollow, with vertical grooves on the surface. The leaves are alternate; the basal leaves are triangular, 8-15 cm long, 2-pinnatifid, 3-4 pairs of final lobes, ovate, with papillary processes on the upper veins, irregular pinnatifid margin, apex acuminate; the petiole is 9-20 cm long; the leaves on the upper part of the stem have expanded leaf sheaths. Compound umbel, terminal or axillary; involucre pinnately cleft, much shorter than pedicel; pedicel 16-20 or more; umbel with many flowers, pedicel slender, not more than 1 cm long; involucre linear or narrowly lanceolate, smaller pedicel short; flowers small, no calyx; petals 5, white, elliptic to obovate, with short pointed protuberance in the center, folded inward; stamen 5, flowers Anthers elliptic, 2-locular, longitudinally lobed; style 2, soft and reflexed, ovary ovate, inferior, 2-locular. The double suspensory fruit is broadly ovate, glabrous, with 5 fruit ridges, 3 oil tubes in each groove and 5 oil tubes on the commissural surface. The flowering period is from July to August and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Wild in sunny hillside grass or wet beach edge. It is distributed in Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Shandong, Yunnan and other places.

② Liao Ligusticum, also known as: Home Ligusticum, water Ligusticum.

Perennial herbs, 15-60 cm high. The rhizome is short. Stem erect, usually single, hollow, surface longitudinally ribbed, often purplish. The basal leaves are carved off at the flowering stage; the stem leaves are alternate, with long stalks at the lower and middle parts; the leaves are broadly triangular in shape, usually three times and three pinnately divided, and the final lobes are ovate or broadly ovate, the apex is short acuminate, the base is wedge-shaped, or nearly round, with a few notched teeth at the edge, green on the top, slight papillae along the veins, and gray green below; the leaves at the upper part of the stem are smaller Petiole sheathlike, 2-3-pinnate. Compound umbel terminal; few involucral bracts, falling early; 6-19 pedicels; small involucral bracts conical, 10 or so, pedicel 20 or so; calyx teeth not obvious; petals 5, white, oval; stamens 5, longer than petals, anthers black purple; ovary lower, style flattened conical. The fruit is oval in shape, with five fruit ridges and narrow wings. There is one oil tube in the dorsal groove, one to two oil tubes in the lateral groove and two to four oil tubes on the commissural surface. The flowering period is from July to September. The fruit period is from September to October.

It grows on the edge of mountain forest and under the forest of stony hillside. Distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi and other places.

③ Ligusticum sinense

The shape is similar to Ligusticum liaoense, but the root is thick. The leaves are 3-4-fold, 3-pinnate and linear. No involucre or 1-2 involucres, white, lanceolate, shorter than pedicel, anthers crimson. There is one fruit tube on the dorsal edge, two on the lateral edge and two on the joint surface.

It is distributed in Northeast China.

[collection] in spring and autumn, the rhizomes and roots were dug, the stems, leaves and soil were removed, and then dried or dried.

(1) Ligusticum sinense

Also known as xixiong Ligusticum. It is the dry rhizome and root of Ligusticum. The rhizome is irregular nodular cylindrical, branched, slightly curved, mostly growing transversely, 3-8 cm long and 0.7-3 cm in diameter. The outer skin is brown or brownish black, wrinkled and grooved. On the upper side, there are several long stem base residues, hollow stem base with holes and vertical grooves on the surface. Most of the branching roots and fibrous roots (most of the commodities have been removed) grow on the lower side. The diameter of the branching roots is about 1-5 mm. There are longitudinal grooves and dotted fibrous roots on the branching roots. The outer skin is easy to peel off. It is hard and easy to break, with light yellow or yellow white section. It is fragrant, bitter and pungent. It is better to be dry, neat and fragrant.

It is mainly produced in Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan. In addition, it is also produced in Shaanxi, Shandong and other places.

② Ligusticum sinense

It is the dry rhizome and root of Ligusticum liaoense and Ligusticum huoense. The rhizome is irregular columnar or round, often divergent, growing both longitudinally and transversely, about 1.5-6 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter; there is residual stem base at the top, sometimes sinking into a cavity; the surface is gray brown to dark brown, rough, dense, slender, curved roots, protuberant nodes and root marks. It is light and easy to be broken. The cross section is slightly fibrous, yellowish white to light brown, with scattered Brown secretory cavity and medulla in the center. The root is about 1-5-10 cm long and 2-5 mm in diameter. There are longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lines on the surface, and fibrous root marks. The outer skin is easy to peel off, and it is difficult to break. There is no pulp in the center of the section. The gas is special and fragrant, and the taste is bitter and pungent. It is better to be healthy, neat and fragrant.

It is mainly produced in Hebei and Liaoning. Jilin, Inner Mongolia and other places also produce.

In some areas, there are the following kinds of Ligusticum as medicine: Ligusticum flavum from Yunnan is the root of Ligusticum yunnanense. Ligusticum sinense from Xinjiang is the root of Umbelliferae plant Ligusticum sinense. Ligusticum davidii (also known as Ligusticum davidii) from Jiangsu Province is a plant of Umbelliferae, which is the whole grass of Eupatorium or bone margin.

[chemical constituents] Ligusticum has volatile oil, the main components of which are 3-butylphthalide and serpentine. The root of Ligusticum liaoense contains 1.5% volatile oil. The content of volatile oil in fresh grass was 0.4%.

[pharmacological action] in vitro, 15-30% Ligusticum decoction has inhibitory effect on a variety of common pathogenic skin fungi.

[processing] remove the residual stems, pick up the impurities, wash them, moisten them thoroughly, and then slice and dry them in the sun.

[flavor] pungent, warm.

① Ben Jing: "Xin, Wen. "

② "On medicinal properties": "mild temperature. "

③ Bencaozheng: "it tastes sweet and pungent, and its nature is warm. "

[Guijing] entering bladder meridian.

① Capsule: "foot Taiyang bladder, hand Taiyang small intestine meridian. "

② Ben Cao Qiu Zhen: "entering the bladder, entering the strange governor at the same time. "

[function indications] dispel pathogenic wind, cold and dampness. Treatment of cold, headache, top pain, cold and damp abdominal pain, diarrhea, hernia, scabies.

① "Ben Jing" says: "the master woman has hernia, cold in Yin, swelling and pain, acute abdomen, and headache in addition to wind. "

② "BIE Lu" says: "Dispelling fog and moistening dew, treating wind and evil, and treating golden sores. "

③ "Theory of medicinal properties": "it can cure the evil wind flowing into the waist, relieve the pain and cold, relieve the urination, dredge the blood, remove the head wind and snore blisters. "

④ "Rihuazi materia medica:" it can cure diseases and skin defects, wine stains and acne. "

⑤ "Medical Qiyuan": "treat headache, chest pain, toothache. "

⑥ Li Gao: "it can cure rheumatism of the head, face and skin all over the body. "

⑦ Wang Haogu: "the treatment of governor vessel disease, strong spine and syncope. "

⑧ "Gangmu": "treatment of carbuncle, discharge of pus, internal obstruction. "

⑨ "Materia medica is": "treatment of rheumatic diarrhea, wind epilepsy, fog dew miasma epidemic. "

⑩ "Bencao Zaixin": "it can cure rheumatism, itching, head swelling, diarrhea, malaria and dysentery. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-3 yuan. External use: decocting, washing or grinding.

[should avoid] blood deficiency headache should not be taken.

① Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "evil Lu Ru. "

② "On medicinal properties": "fear. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, it is not suitable to take warm disease, headache, fever, thirst or bone pain, typhoid fever in spring and summer, headache of Yang Syndrome, headache of postpartum blood deficiency and fire inflammation. "

[selected prescriptions] 1. It is used to treat foot Taiyang meridian, headache and pain on the top: Ligusticum, rhizome, onion. Take it by frying. (Guangji Fang)

② It can cure all kinds of rheumatism, headache, stuffy nose, typhoid fever and head wind, sore and tinea all over the body, stubborn numbness of hands and feet: Ligusticum chuanxiong, asarum, Ligusticum, etc. At the end of each, he made eight Jin of pills for each. Take one pill each time and chew the tea after eating. (Bailong pill in Puji recipe)

③ Stomach spasm, abdominal pain: Ligusticum five money, three money, decoction. (Xinjiang Chinese herbal medicine manual)

④ Treatment of scabies: Ligusticum Decoction bath, and with Huanyi. (general discussion on pediatric health)

⑤ Dry cleaning dandruff: Ligusticum, angelica, etc. For the end, night mixed hair, tomorrow morning comb, dirt from go. (the compilation of convenient pictures)

⑥ Treatment of upper red nose: grind the Ligusticum into fine powder, wipe the red part with Gleditsia water, wipe it dry, apply it with cold water or honey water, and then dry it. (gaoben powder in Jifeng Puji Fang)

[clinical application] in the treatment of neurodermatitis, 50% Ligusticum injection was injected subcutaneously into the lesion. Generally, each lesion is injected twice a week, 5-10 ml each time; if there are many lesions or the scope is large, it can be injected in turn every day, so that each lesion can be injected twice a week. At night after each injection, local hot compress can be used to avoid induration. 139 cases were treated and observed for 1-4 months. 46 cases were cured, 44 cases were markedly effective, 47 cases were effective and 2 cases were ineffective. The effective rate was 98.5% (6 cases were treated with 0.5% hydrocortisone emulsion). Generally, after 2-4 injections, the itching decreased and gradually improved; the patients with smaller lesions could be cured after 8-10 injections, up to 20 injections. In the course of treatment, there are generally no obvious side effects, individual allergic phenomenon, or urticaria like rash; some injection site swelling pain, can be symptomatic treatment. Patients with allergies should stop taking drugs.

Zhang Yuanyuan

Chinese PinYin : Gao Ben