elder

elder

(Tang materia medica)

In addition, it is also known as traditional Chinese medicine (herbal medicine), herbal medicine (herbal medicine), herbal medicine (herbal medicine), and traditional Chinese medicine (herbal medicine) .

[source] it is the stem and branch of Sambucus williamsii.

[plant morphology] Sambucus williamsii, also known as poke tree, capsule tree, fair old tree, big leaf Sambucus williamsii, big leaf capsule, Shujin tree, camphor tree.

Deciduous shrubs or trees, 4-8 m high. Stem ungulate, much branched; branches grayish brown, glabrous. It has 7 leaflets, sometimes 9-11 leaflets, long ovate or elliptic to ovate lanceolate, 4-12 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, apex acuminate, base oblique, broadly cuneate, margin serrate, glabrous on both sides. Inflorescence terminal ovate to oblong ovate, 6-9 cm in diameter; flowers white to yellowish; calyx campanulate, lobes 5, ligulate; corolla valvate, lobes 5, obovate; stamens 5, inserted on corolla, alternate with lobes, shorter than corolla. Berry shaped drupe subglobose, black purple or red, with 3-5 nuclei. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruit period is from July to September.

It grows on sunny hillside or in garden. Distribution in Northeast, north, central and East China, West to Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places.

The root, root bark (Sambucus williamsii root), leaf (Sambucus williamsii leaf) and flower (Sambucus williamsii flower) of this plant are all used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] all year round.

[medicinal materials] the dried stems and branches are mostly processed into oblique transverse slices, which are long elliptic, 2-6cm long and 3mm thick. The skin is intact or peeled off, and the appearance is green brown, with longitudinal stripes and brown black punctate protrusions. The wood is yellowish white, ring-shaped, very obvious, and has fine white pith lines, which shoot out outwards, with fine texture. The pith is usually brown, intact or withered It is hollow, spongy and easy to crack. Light in weight and weak in odor. It is better that the tablets are complete, yellow white and free of impurities.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu Province. In addition, it is also produced in Fujian, Sichuan, Guangxi, Zhejiang and other places.

Sambucus pubescens and Sambucus sessiliflorus are also used as medicine in a few areas.

[pharmacological action] jiegumu Decoction (20 g / kg) has analgesic effect on mice (hot plate method), and its action intensity is inferior to that of morphine and better than that of analgin. The water or alcohol extract of Sambucus sessiliflorus has diuretic effect on mice, which is not caused by the inorganic salt contained in it; diuresis often leads to diarrhea in mice at the same time.

[taste] sweet and bitter, flat.

① Tang materia medica: "sweet and bitter, flat, non-toxic. "

② "There is a little poison in the collection of Materia Medica. "

③ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "bitter, cold. "

Functions and indications: dispelling wind, removing dampness, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. It is used to treat rheumatism, lumbago, edema, wind itching, addiction rash, postpartum hematuria, traumatic swelling, fracture and bleeding.

① "Tang Materia Medica": "it is mainly used for breaking injuries, extending muscles and bones, eliminating wind itching and dental caries. Can be bath soup. "

② "Qianjinyifang" says: "if the wound blood and maternal evil blood are attacked, all the blood will not work or will not stop, and the blood should be boiled and taken. "

③ According to Wang Lianshi's book of collecting herbs, it is said that "blood is used to detoxify, and all sores and scabies are washed away. "

④ "Baicaojing": it can cure carbuncle and swelling. "

⑤ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "it's analgesic. Treatment of hand and foot wind and rheumatism, low back pain, bone pain, limb cold pain, swelling of the foot. Also falls bone pain, rubella, perspiration and so on for bath soup. "

[usage and dosage] for internal use: decoct Soup for 3-5 yuan; or put it into pill or powder; for external use: tamping or fumigation with decocted water.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

"Pinhui essence": "taking more makes people vomit. "

[prescription selection] ① treatment of damaged bone graft: half liang of elderberry, half Qian of good frankincense, one or two of red peony, Sichuan angelica, chuanxiong and natural copper. On for the end, with four pairs of yellow wax into the front of the drug powder, stir well, wait for soft, many hand pills such as longan. If you hurt your muscles and bones, you can't bear the pain. Take one pill and soak it in a glass of Haojiu wuhui. When the medicine stains are broken, you can drink it when it's hot and the pain stops. (continued parties)

② Treatment of nephritis edema: elderberry three to five money, decoction. (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai)

③ Treatment of traumatic bleeding: elderberry powder, external application. (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai)

④ Treatment of lacquer sores: four pairs of Sambucus williamsii stems and leaves, fried soup to cool wash the affected area. (Shanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Postpartum hemorrhage. With a piece of elderberry, add water to a liter, boil half a liter, take it in batches.

New edition of materia medica: "elderberry, into the joints of bones, special bone, broken wine swallow, wind itch soup bath. It can be used only to connect the bone joints, but among the blood generating and blood activating drugs, it is especially suitable for living. When it comes to dry wood, its power is reduced by half, and its frying power is also reduced by half. "

[appendix] Sambucus williamsii is named after functional bone grafting, but it is still used to treat acute and chronic nephritis, edema, adverse urination, rubella and pruritus.

Chinese PinYin : Jie Gu Mu