Hemerocallis root

Hemerocallis root

(notes on materia medica)

[synonym] Loulu fruit, Loulu root fruit (Diannan materia medica), rehmannia root (classified herbal medicine), cauliflower root (Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the root of Hemerocallis fulva, Hemerocallis fulva or Hemerocallis fulva.

[plant morphology] 1. Hemerocallis fulva, also known as Breakwater (the book of songs), Yi Nan (local records of ZhouChu), Lu Cong (Southern vegetation like), Wangyou Cao, Danji (notes on ancient and modern times by Cui Bao), Lou Lu, Lu Cong (materia medica of Southern Yunnan), Jiuyou (compendium), Yi Nan Cao (materia medica primitive), daylily, daylily.

Herbaceous perennial, 30-90 cm high. The rhizome is very short, clumped, with many fleshy fibrous roots and expanded spindle tuberous roots. Leaves basal, linear, 60-100 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, apex acuminate, base amplexicaul, entire, main veins prominent on the back. The stem is columnar, drawn out from the leaf cluster, higher than the leaf surface; there are more than 6-10 flowers, integrated into corymb, bifid; bracts are short ovate triangle; pedicel is about 2 cm long; flowers are large, orange or yellow red, no fragrance, 7-12 cm long; perianth is tubular in the lower part, about 2.5 cm long, campanulate in the upper part, 6-lobed, lobes are long oval, arranged in 2 rings, outer ring 3 pieces, 1.2-1.8 cm wide, inner ring 3 pieces 2 pieces, 2.5 cm wide, margin slightly undulate, veins branched or joined; stamens 6, protruding from perianth, filaments linear, anthers somewhat T-shaped; ovary oblong, 3-locular. Capsule oblong, 5-10 cm long, obtuse, dehiscent at maturity. The seeds are angular, black and shiny. The flowering period is from June to July.

It is distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, etc. It is cultivated all over China.

② Hemerocallis fulva

Perennial herbs, 70-100 cm high. The roots are 25-30 cm long, with enlarged massive parts, cylindrical or spindle shaped, and linear leaves, 40-60 cm long and 12-18 mm wide. The flowers are bright yellow, tubular in the lower part, about 5 cm long, campanulate in the upper part, 6-lobed, lobes about 8 cm long, 3 inner whorls, slightly wider than 3 outer whorls, less than 1.8 cm wide, veins not branching or joining. The capsule is 2-4 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter. The flowering period is from June to August.

Born on hillside and grassland. It is distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan, Gansu, Sichuan, Xinjiang, etc. It is also cultivated in various places,

③ Hemerocallis fulva

Perennial herbs, 35-60 cm high. The roots are tufted, slender and cylindrical, without swelling. Leaves linear, ca. 45 cm long, 5-10 mm wide. In the upper part, the flower ring is slightly yellow, with 5 to 6 petals in the outer ring. The capsule is 3-4.5 cm long. The flowering period is from June to August.

Born in swamps, wetlands, shady side. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places. It is also cultivated in various places.

The tender seedlings (Hemerocallis fulva) and flower buds (Bidens campestris) of the above three plants are also used for medicine.

In addition, Hemerocallis fulva (northeast), Hemerocallis shexiangxuan (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui) and Hemerocallis aureus (Jiangsu) are also used as medicine.

[collection] collect and dig in autumn, remove the stems, seedlings and fine roots, wash the soil and dry in the sun.

(1) Hemerocallis root

It is the dry root of Hemerocallis fulva or Hemerocallis fulva. It is cylindrical, slightly curved, 4-6 cm in length and 4 mm in diameter; the expanded massive part is spindle shaped, 3-5 cm in length and 6-8 mm in diameter. The surface is grayish yellow or earthy yellow, with a few horizontal lines and most longitudinal wrinkles. Loose and light, easy to break, uneven section, white, sometimes brown yellow, loose skin tissue, large cracks, small wood, not obvious, pulp is usually empty. It is slightly fragrant, slightly sweet and slightly mucinous.

② Xiaoxuan grass root

It is the dry root of Hemerocallis fulva. The rhizome is cylindrical, 1-1.5 cm in diameter. The root is slender, tufted on the rhizome, 8-10 cm long, 2-3 mm in diameter. The surface is grayish yellow, a few reddish brown, with fine horizontal lines. It is light and tough, others are similar to the former. It is better to have thick root, full quality, no residual stem and impurities.

It is produced in most parts of the country.

The root of Hemerocallis fulva is similar to that of Hemerocallis fulva; the root of Hemerocallis fulva and Hemerocallis fulva are similar to that of Hemerocallis fulva.

[chemical constituents] Hemerocallis fulva contains γ - hydroxyglutamic acid, lysine, succinic acid and β - sitosterol. Hemerocallis fulva is rich in vitamin A in flowers and vitamin C in leaves_ 5 mg%. Mimosa flowers contain vitamin A, B, C, protein and fat, and roots contain asparagine and colchicine. The pollen contains trehalase. The root of Hemerocallis fulva contains γ - hydroxyglutamic acid, aspartic acid, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, succinic acid, lactic acid, terpenoids, β - sitosterol glucoside and ethyl benzoate. The root and rhizome of huangjinxuan and shexiangxuan contain chrysophanol, rhein, Semen Cassiae and Semen Cassiae methyl ether. The root of musk Hemerocallis contains hemerocallin, asparagin and colchicine.

[pharmacological action] 1. Treatment of schistosomiasis

The efficacy of Hemerocallis fulva root (Hemerocallis fulva root) on experimental treatment of schistosomiasis japonica has been reported in different literatures. Some people think that the worm reduction rate is more than 80%, some think that the worm reduction rate is not high, and some think that the number of worms does not decrease. It has been further studied that Hemerocallis fulva root has no preventive effect on mice infected with cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum, and it has no effect on mice combined with guangmuxiang, areca catechu, Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and pumpkin seed paste powder When combined with antimony potassium tartrate, it also showed no synergism. The effect of Hemerocallis fulva root (including Hemerocallis fulva from Zhenjiang) on adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum is mainly manifested as body atrophy and degeneration of reproductive organs, but these changes are reversible, and recover rapidly after drug withdrawal. After treatment, the fecal hatching of dogs can turn negative, or the number of miracidia is reduced, and it can still turn positive after a certain period of time. Because Hemerocallis fulva root has strong toxicity to the host and low safety, it can't kill the host when the host is dead, so its clinical value is low. It is attempted to separate the active ingredient and toxic ingredient by chemical method, but it seems that they are probably the same substance.

② Anti tuberculosis effect

In the treatment of schistosomiasis, the effective part and toxic part of Hemerocallis fulva root are not easy to separate. After heating, the toxicity can be significantly reduced, but the therapeutic effect on schistosomiasis is also lost, while the inhibitory effect on tuberculosis remains unchanged. It is not only effective in test tube experiment, but also effective on experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs, and has certain clinical effect. Further separation of various components from the roots of Dong Cao, Hemerocallis fulva ether extract on guinea pigs experimental tuberculosis, Hemerocallis fulva III on mice experimental tuberculosis, although the effect is not significant, but also no animal optic atrophy and other serious toxic reactions.

In addition, the root of Hemerocallis fulva and Aconitum carmichaeli can kill snails.

[toxicity] Hemerocallis fulva root has a strong toxicity to the host. The pathological changes caused by Hemerocallis fulva root in mice are as follows: the white matter of brain and spinal cord and optic nerve fibers are generally softened and myelin sheath is lost; the lesions in gray matter are generally mild; in addition, the liver and kidney cells have different degrees of turbid swelling, and the lungs have blood stasis or patchy hemorrhage; the poisoning symptoms of rabbits and dogs are mydriasis *, the death of the light reflex disappeared, blindness, hind limb paralysis and bladder retention urine. The rabbits presented with urine protein but no bilirubin and serum transaminase were also normal when they were poisoned by Hemerocallis root, which indicated that the injured person was mainly kidney but did not hurt the liver, and glucose metabolism was abnormal from the decrease of urine glucose and glucose tolerance. The toxicity of Hemerocallis fulva is mainly concentrated in the root, and its toxicity varies greatly from place to place. Heating above 60 ℃ can weaken the toxicity, or even completely destroy it. The root of Hemerocallis fulva has a great accumulation effect in the body. The tolerance of infected animals to Hemerocallis fulva is lower than that of uninfected animals. Soaking with rice swill can not reduce the toxicity of the drug. Coptis chinensis and Phellodendron amurense can partially relieve its toxicity.

[processing] remove the residual stems and impurities, wash and take them out, slightly moisten them, cut them into sections and dry them in the sun.

Sweet and cool.

① Materia medica: cool, nontoxic. "

② Ben Cao Tu Jing: "it tastes sweet and nontoxic. "

③ "Diannan Materia Medica": "cold nature, sweet taste, flat. "

[meridian tropism] 1. In the explanation of Lei Gong's processed medicinal properties, it goes into the spleen and lung meridians. "

② "Seeking truth from Materia Medica": entering the heart and spleen. "

[function indications] benefit water and cool blood. Treatment of edema, adverse urination, drenching, leucorrhea, jaundice, bleeding, bloody stool, metrorrhagia, mastitis.

① "Materia medica collection": "for the treatment of sand drenching, water and gas, the main wine is yellow, and the whole body is covered with mashed juice. "

② "Ben Cao Yan Yi": "grind one cup of juice, ginger juice half cup, and drink it carefully from time to time, to cure severe heat and bleeding. "

③ "Diannan Materia Medica": "it is used to treat redness, swelling, hard pain, milk obstruction, breast carbuncle, milk rock, attack carbuncle and sore. It is produced in Hanzhong. Its nature is to replenish Yin and blood, stop backache, treat metrorrhagia, stop blood under large intestine. "

④ "Herbal Mengluo": "Zui he Jiu Jian is an important medicine for breaking brain cold. "

⑤ Bencaozheng: "treating turbid belt. "

⑥ "Materia Medica from the new": "the urine is blocked, the boiling water is good, and the edema all over the body is also effective. "

⑦ Classified herbal medicine: "Nourishing Yin, invigorating vital energy, promoting women's blood gas, reducing swelling, and treating children's cough. "

⑧ "Tianbao Materia Medica": "for the treatment of bladder hernia, dysphagia. "

⑨ According to the collection of Guizhou folk prescriptions, "Tongjing is used to treat irregular menstruation, red collapse and leucorrhea in women. It can also strengthen the stomach and spleen. "

[usage and dosage]

Chinese PinYin : Xuan Cao Gen