Sumu

Sumu

(Qiyuan of Medicine)

[synonyms] Su Fang (Southern vegetative), Su Fang (behind elbow), Su Fang Mu (Tang materia medica), Zhu Fan Zhi (Zhufan Zhi), palm mu (Leguminosae), Chi mu (veterinary traditional Chinese medicine and prescription), Hong chai (Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the dried heartwood of the leguminous plant sappan.

[plant morphology] sappan

Small evergreen trees, up to 5-10 meters high. The trunk has small spines, the branchlets are grayish green, with round protruding lenticels, the new branches are puberulent, and then fall off. The leaves are double pinnate compound, all 30 cm long or longer; pinnae opposite, 9-13 pairs, 6-15 cm long, rachis pilose; leaflets 9-16 pairs, oblong, 14 mm long, 6 mm wide, apex obtuse, slightly concave, entire, green glabrous above, subtly punctate below, sessile; stipules coniform. Panicle, terminal, wide, many flowers, as long as leaves, pubescent; yellow flowers, 10-15 mm in diameter; calyx base connate, upper 5-lobed, lobes slightly irregular; petals 5, 4 of which are round, equal in size, the lowest one smaller, upper oblong obovate, base about 1 / 2 narrowed into claws; stamens 10, lower part of filaments covered with cotton hairs; ovary superior, 1-locular. The pods are oblong, oblique, flat, thick leathery, without spines and setae, with a sharp beak on one side of the top, about 7.5 cm long and 3.5 cm in diameter. After ripening, they are dark red, short hairy, unbroken, and contain 4-5 seeds. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruit period is from September to October.

Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places.

[collection] all year round. Remove bark and sapwood, take heartwood and dry in the sun.

[medicinal materials] the dried heartwood is cylindrical in shape, some of which are connected with the root, and are irregular slightly curved long strips, 8-100 cm long and 3-10 cm in diameter. The surface is dark brown or yellowish brown, with red and yellow longitudinal stripes, knife cuts and small concave oil holes. There are obvious rings in the cross section, sometimes yellow white pith in the center, with punctate flash. Dense, hard and heavy, odorless, slightly astringent taste. Put the product into hot water, the water will be dyed bright pink, vinegar will turn yellow, and alkali will turn red. It is better to be thick, solid, red and yellow.

The plane of sappan wood is irregular long strip shape, about 0.5 mm thick, different width, usually about 1 cm wide, all red yellow or yellow brown, a few with yellow white sapwood; the surface has longitudinal lines. It is brittle and easy to break.

Produced in Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan, Guangdong (Hainan Island), Sichuan and other places.

[chemical constituents] the xylem contains about 2% of the colorless prochrome Brazilian hematoxylin. Brazilian hematoxylin is oxidized to Brazilian hematoxylin when it meets air. In addition, it contains hematoxylin, which can be used as organic reagent to detect aluminum ion. The main components of the oil are phellandrene and ocimene. It also contains tannins.

[pharmacological action] 1. Effects on cardiovascular system

During the perfusion of Toad's lower limbs, sappan water could make the blood vessels contract slightly, and sodium nitrite could not make the blood vessels dilate later. If sodium nitrite is used first, then sappan can't make blood vessel constrict. In the isolated frog heart specimens, moderate amount of Sappan water can enhance the contractile force and recover the contractile force weakened by the decoction of Fructus aurantii. It can also relieve the toxicity of chloral hydrate, quinine, pilocarpine, physostigmine and nicotin to isolated frog heart.

② Central inhibition

Appropriate amount of Sappan water, with different administration methods, has hypnotic effect on mice, rabbits and guinea pigs, and a large amount of Sappan water has anesthetic effect, even death. It can antagonize the central excitatory effect of strychnine and cocaine. But not against the excitability of morphine.

③ Antibacterial action

The effect of Sappan Wood Decoction (10%) on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi was strong, and the potency was 1:1600 (paper plate method and test tube method). The extracts and decoctions have significant effects on diphtheria, influenza, paratyphoid C, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococcus, and also have effects on pertussis, typhoid, paratyphoid A, B and pneumonia (test tube method and plate method).

④ Other functions

The effect of Sappan Wood Decoction must be more than 10% to the liver leech in vitro, but the effect of Sappan Wood Decoction on the liver leech in cattle is not sure. Intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection of appropriate amount of Sappan water can cause vomiting and diarrhea in dogs. There was no antihistamine and alleviated local irritation. It has a slight inhibition on the isolated uterus, and the effect is obvious when combined with adrenaline. There was no antipyretic effect.

The ethanol extract from the nucleolus of the same plant, Pteris falcata, has antihypertensive effect on anesthetized animals and can inhibit frog heart. The bitter resin has central inhibition, antipyretic effect, antispasmodic effect on isolated intestine, and obvious insecticidal effect (earthworm method). It also has some inhibitory effects on various bacteria, water alcohol extract and resin part

[processing] Leigong's treatise on Processing: "all envoys (Sumu), remove the thick skin and save File it carefully, pound it again, mix it with Prunus twigs, steam it from Si to Shen, go out and dry it in the shade. "

[flavor] sweet and salty, flat.

① Tang materia medica: "sweet and salty, flat, non-toxic. "

② Materia medica: cold. "

③ According to the secret of indications, it is cool in nature and pungent in taste. "

④ "Tang Ye Ben Cao": "sweet and sour, flat nature. "

⑤ Huiyue medical mirror: "it tastes sweet, salty and slightly warm. "

[Guijing] into the heart and liver channels.

① "Three yin meridians and blood points" in the compendium. "

② In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "entering the foot Jueyin, hand Shaoyin and foot yangmingjing. "

③ "Drug Huayi": entering the liver, stomach and large intestine. "

Functions and indications: promoting blood circulation, breaking blood stasis, detumescence and relieving pain. It is used to treat women's blood gas, heart and abdominal pain, amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, dyspnea, dysentery, tetanus, carbuncle swelling, bruise, stasis and pain.

① "Tang Materia Medica": "the main blood breaking, postpartum blood distension and suffocation to the dead. "

② "Materia medica collection": "it is mainly used for cholera vomiting and people often vomit, and it should be decocted with water. Wine is the best way to break blood. "

③ "Haiyao Materia Medica": "the main deficiency and blood stasis; postpartum lochia, abdominal pain; and meridian obstruction, male and female stroke, mouth silence. It's better to study the nipple fragrance, the small powder, the square inch dagger, and decoct the Su prescription with wine to remove the dross and adjust the service, so as to spit out the evil things. "

④ "Rihuazi materia medica:" it can cure women's blood gas, heart and abdominal pain, and the month and hou can't adjust and produce labor. Discharge pus and relieve pain, eliminate carbuncle swelling and blood stasis, female aphasia, blood stasis, red and white dysentery and acute pain. "

⑤ Qiyuan of Medicine: "the secret of indications spreads the atmosphere of exterior and interior. "The blood is broken. "

⑥ Li Gao: "if you have a sore and die of blood, you will suffer from postpartum septicemia. "

⑦ Yi Lin Zhuan Yao: "tonifying the heart, dispersing blood stasis, eliminating the wind heat of blood separation.". "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1-3 yuan; grind powder or boil cream. External use: grind and sprinkle.

[should avoid] blood deficiency without blood stasis is not suitable, pregnant women should not take.

① "The compendium of works": "avoid iron. "

② "Materia medica classic:" postpartum evil thunder has been net, from blood deficiency abdominal pain is not suitable for use. "

③ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan" says: "it is forbidden to use false stool. "

[prescription selection] ① for women with moon water obstruction, fever and pain: two liang of Su Fangmu (file), half liang of Naosha (Research), one or two of chuandahuang (end). To apply the medicine, first use three large cups of water, fry the sappan wood to one and a half cups, remove the dross, add the Naosha and rhubarb powder, and boil them into ointment. Empty every day, half a teaspoon with warm wine. (Sheng Hui Fang Su Fang Mu Jian)

② Treatment of postpartum gas stagnation for asthma: sappan, ginseng, Ophiopogon japonicus, decoction. (Su Mu Tang in gynecology jade ruler)

③ Treatment of postpartum blood supply, abdominal tightness, asthma, eager to die: Su Fangmu (end) two liang, lotus leaf (fried) one, peony in half, GUI (to rough skin) one or two, turtle shell (to skirt service, vinegar fried) one or two half. On the five flavors, file as big as beans, to water five, lotus juice together. Decoct two of them together, remove the dross, put in red snow for one or two minutes, and take them separately. Before eating porridge, take them three or five miles. (Su Fang drink in Shengji Zonglu)

④ Cure hematic halo: Su Mu five money, decoct water, add a cup of children's stool, meal take. (Lu Chuan Ben Cao)

⑤ Treatment was injured, due to sore stroke: Su mu (mallet rotten, research) two Liang. Use two liters of wine and fry one liter. Divided into three clothes, hollow, noon, night lying each one. (Sumu liquor from Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Treatment of tetanus: Su Fangmu no matter how many, pound Luo for fine powder. Take three daggers each time, and mix them with wine. (Dusheng San in Shengji Zonglu)

⑦ It can also be used to treat other skin knife and arrow injuries: the real heavy sappan wood is fine powder, which is applied between the broken fingers and wrapped with cocoon. (continued from the wonderful prescription for life)

⑧ Treat partial fall swelling and pain: use two pairs of Sappan Wood and a pot of good wine. Cook and drink frequently. (Linhu jijianfang)

Chinese PinYin : Su Mu