Corn

Corn

(bielu)

[synonyms] bailiangsu, juomi (Tao Hongjing), sugu (QiminYaoshu), Xiaomi (materia medica Mengluo), qiansusu (Introduction to medicine), xiansusu (compendium of Medicine), millet and hansu (textual research on the name and reality of plants), huangsusu (Luchuan materia medica), hulizi (collated edition of Diannan materia medica).

[source] it is the kernel of millet. It's stored for a long time.

[plant morphology] millet (Book of History)

Annual herb, 60-150 cm high. Culms erect and stout. The leaf blade is lanceolate or linear lanceolate, about 25-60 cm long and 2-3 cm wide. The apex is long, the base is nearly round, the lower part is bald, and the upper part is rough. The leaf sheath is glabrous, and there are villi at the sheath mouth. The ligule is 1.5-5 mm long and ciliate. Terminal panicle spicate, usually pendulous, about 20-30 cm long, 2-5 cm in diameter, rachis densely covered with fine hairs; spikelet elliptic, about 3 mm long, with 1-3 setae at the base, setae usually brown or light purple, rare green, about 2-3 times as long as spikelet; first ovate, about 1 / 3 of spikelet, 3-veined; second glume elliptic, as long as lemma of sterile floret, 5-7-veined Lemma of sterile floret elliptic, lemma of fruiting floret flat convex elliptic, 2.5 mm long, 3-veined, surface rugose, margin involute, enclosing palea. The grain is as long as the first lemma, ovoid or globose, with fine punctate wrinkles, partially detached from other spikelets at maturity. The flowering period is summer and autumn.

It is widely cultivated in the north of China.

The germinated fruit (corn bud) and the processed seed (corn sugar) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

Sorghum is the same species as millet. Li Shizhen said: "Liang is millet, big and hairy, long for Liang, thin and short for millet.". "See" Qingliang rice "," Huangbo rice "and" Bailiang rice ".

[chemical composition] the contents of fat, total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, ash, starch and reducing sugar in the dry products of shelled and shelled seeds were 1.41% and 1.68%, 2.48% and 2.79%, 2.41% and 2.72%, 3.15% and 1.85%, 63.27% and 77.58% respectively. In addition, the oil content of seeds was 3%, unsaponifiable matter 2.39%, solid fatty acid 15.05% and liquid fatty acid 70.03%. Proteins include glutenin, gliadin, globulin and so on. The seed protein contains a lot of glutamic acid, proline, alanine and methionine.

In addition, the fresh plants contain β - alanine and γ - butyric acid, a small amount of β - carotene and lutein. The stem contains Daphne glycosides, which are poisonous.

[pharmacological action] for the action of daphnetin, please refer to "Daphne flower". Its aglycone has antibacterial effect, 1:10000 can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus (penicillin resistant strain), 1:5000 can inhibit Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli, 1:2000 can inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but it has no effect on Bacillus subtilis.

[flavor] sweet and salty, cool. Chen Sumi: bitter, cold.

① Bielu: "it tastes salty, slightly cold and nontoxic. Chen millet: it tastes bitter. "

② "Chen Sumi: cold nature. "

③ The Compendium: "salty. "

④ "Preparation of Materia Medica": sweet and salty, slightly cold. "

⑤ Lu Chuan's materia medica: "Gan, Ping. "

[Guijing] 1. In Ben Cao Qiu Zhen, it goes into kidney, spleen and stomach. "

② Summary of materia medica: "enter the Taiyin and Shaoyin meridians of hands and feet. "

[function indications] Hezhong, Yishen, chure, Jiedu. Treatment of spleen and stomach deficiency heat, nausea and vomiting, thirst, diarrhea. Chen Sumi: stop dysentery and relieve boredom.

① Bielu: "it can nourish kidney qi, remove heat in stomach and spleen, and replenish qi. Chen Sumi: stomach heat, thirst, diuresis. "

② Tao Hongjing: "Chen Sumi: make powder to relieve boredom. "

③ Meng Shen: "Chen Sumi: stop dysentery. "

④ According to the collection of Materia Medica, "corn powder can relieve all kinds of poisons and take them with water; it also can treat abdominal pain, epistaxis and boiled with water. "

⑤ Daily use materia medica: "it is better to treat diabetes, urinate and relieve dysentery. "

⑥ "Diannan Materia Medica": "it can nourish yin, kidney qi, spleen and stomach, and warm the heart. Treatment of nausea, infantile liver worms, or cholera diarrhea, abdominal pain, dysentery, diarrhea more than. "

⑦ "Compendium": "cooking porridge can benefit Dantian, tonify deficiency and damage, and open the intestines and stomach. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang; or porridge. External use: grind powder, sprinkle or boil juice.

[taboo] daily use materia medica: "eating with almonds makes people vomit. "

[prescription selection] 1. It is used to treat weak spleen and stomach qi, indigestion, nausea and regurgitation, and can't drink soup: half a liter of corn, pestle like powder, water and pills like Wuzi, cook until cooked, add a little salt, hollow and juice to swallow. (heart mirror of food medicine)

② Treat thirst and dry mouth: corn cooking, good food. (heart mirror of food medicine)

③ Red pill for children: apply it with corn. (hand collection of Ministry of war)

④ Treat soup fire burn: stir fry corn, pour water, clear juice, fry thick as sugar, spread it frequently. It can relieve pain and eliminate scar. One side half fried half raw, research end, wine tune Fu. (Cui Shi Bian Yao Fang)

(1) in the supplement to the meaning of Materia Medica, it is difficult for the old to change the millet. According to Yan Yi, it is difficult for the living to change, but it is difficult for the mature to stagnate Qi, and insects can be produced by eating. The so-called tonifying kidney is also due to its salty taste. "

② "Compendium": "millet taste salty, cold gas infiltration, kidney valley also. Kidney disease should be eaten, deficiency heat, thirst and dysentery, all kidney disease also, infiltration diuresis, so Xie kidney evil also. It can reduce stomach fire, so it is suitable to eat for spleen and stomach diseases. "According to Luo Tianyi's Baojian, japonica millet porridge is thin in Qi and weak in taste, and Yin in Yang is also weak, so it is conducive to urination. Han Yi Tong says: if one person is suffering from gonorrhea, he does not take any medicine. He is taught to eat millet porridge to eliminate other tastes. After ten days of treatment, he will recover after a month. This is the principle of treating diseases with five grains. "

Chinese PinYin : Su Mi