Dendrobium

Dendrobium

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Lin Lan, Jin Sheng (Ben Jing), Du Lan, Shi Yu (BIE Lu), Jin Chai Hua, Millennium run (compendium), Huang Cao (identification of drug production), Diaolan (Chinese medicinal plant records).

[source] it is the stem of Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae) or other plants of the same genus.

[plant morphology] 1. Dendrobium nobile

Perennial epiphytic herbs, 30-50 cm high. Stems tufted, erect, 1-1.3 cm in diameter, yellowish green, many nodes, internodes 2.5-3.5 cm long. The leaf blade is oblong or oblong lanceolate, 6-12 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, apex obtuse, with oblique concave, veins parallel, usually 9, sheaths tightly clasped between nodes, 1.5-2.7 cm long. Raceme from stem node, usually with 2-3 flowers; bracts membranous, small, ovate; flowers very large, drooping, 6-8 cm in diameter; calyx and petals white, terminal light red; sepals 3, middle sepals free, both sides of sepals oblique on pistil column foot, several equal, oblong, 3.5-4.5 cm long, 1.2-1.5 cm wide, apex acute or obtuse; petals ovate oblong or obtuse 1-2.5 cm wide, labellum in front of pistil column foot, suborbicular ovate, 4-4.5 cm long, 3-3.5 cm wide, apex rounded, base with short claws, lower part rolled up to encircle pistil column, both sides fluffy, there is a dark purple spot near the center of base; pistil column 6-7 mm high, foot length about 12 mm; stamens conical, Anthers 2-locular, ca. 3 mm, pollens 4, waxy. Capsule. The flowering period is from May to June.

Epiphytic to the trunks of high mountain rocks or forests. It is distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, Guangxi and Taiwan. In addition, it is also cultivated in various places.

② Dendrobium unguiculatum

Similar to the above species, the main difference is that the internodes of the stem of this species are geniculate or obviously thickened, so the whole form is slightly Beaded; the flowers are lavender.

Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan and other places.

③ Dendrobium officinale, also known as Dendrobium huoshanense.

Stem tufted, erect, 5-30 cm high, about 5 mm in diameter, cylindrical, base slightly thin, green and purplish; many nodes, internodes 1-2 cm long. The leaf blade is nearly ovate, ovate oblong or nearly oblong, 5-7 cm in length and 1.5-2 cm in width, with sharp apex and oblique concave, leathery; the leaf sheath is membranous, clinging to internodes, gray, unclean, dark gray after drying. Raceme on the upper node of leafless stem, 6 cm long, 2-5 flowers; bracts subulate, about 5 mm long; flowers yellowish green, grass yellow or light yellow, 3.5-4 cm in diameter; sepals 3, about 19 mm long, central sepals oblong lanceolate, both sides of sepals oblong triangular, base slightly forward and pistil foot connected to form a very short pistil heel; lateral petals oblong , as long as sepals, labellum oblong ovate, 15 mm long, 9 mm wide, apex acute, with many purple or maroon spots in the center, both sides rolled around the stamen column; stamen 3-3.5 mm high, about 10 mm long; stamen ovate, white, tetragonal, pollen 4, slightly yellow. Capsule oblong, ca. 2. 5 cm long, trigonous.

It is distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, etc.

④ Fine stem Dendrobium, also known as: Copper Dendrobium, fine yellow grass.

It is very similar to Dendrobium officinale. The stem is 10-20 cm high. Leaves oblong lanceolate, 2.5-4 cm long, 7-10 mm wide, apex obtuse; leaf sheaths not gray unclean. Raceme with 2-4 flowers; flowers pale yellow green, about 2 cm in diameter; central sepal linear lanceolate, sepals slightly falcate on both sides; lip yellowish green, with 1 brown spot in the center.

It is distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangxi and Yunnan;

⑤ Dendrobium bicolor

Stem erect, 25-50 cm high. The internodes are 2.5-3.5 cm long, and the leaf sheaths cling to the internodes, almost as long as the internodes. The raceme has 1-3 drooping flowers; the flowers are light purple and pansy, 2-3cm in diameter; the sepals are nearly ovate, a pair of lateral ones are slightly narrower than the central one, and are slightly sickle shaped; the petals are oblong, and the lip is shorter than the two petals, sinking into a short navicular shape, with pilose inside and a protruding tip at the apex; the syncytial column is very short, pilose in front; the anthers are dark purple.

It is distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

⑥ Dendrobium uncinate

Stem erect, slender, up to 60 cm. Leaves alternate; sessile; linear lanceolate to lanceolate, 7-8 cm long, 15-20 mm wide, apex acuminate. The inflorescence is short, with 1-6 flowers; the flowers are white, 2.5-3 cm in diameter; the central sepal is ovate, 20 mm long, 6 mm wide, apex acute, a pair of lateral slightly skewed, pistil style with short saccate; the petals are oblong, 18 mm long, apex acute, lip broadly ovate, 12 mm long, 3-lobed, acute and apex concave; the front of syncytial style is hairy; the filaments are thin, and the anthers have papillae I'm sorry.

Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

⑦ Guangdong Dendrobium, also known as: Copper orchid.

Stem erect, cylindrical, thin, 15-30 cm high. Leaves linear oblong, 3-5 cm long, 8-12 mm wide, apex obtuse or acute, with oblique concave. The flowers are white, yellow after opening, fragrant, about 7 cm in diameter, usually 1-2 in the upper part of the stem; the central sepal is oblong lanceolate, and the lateral sepal is a pair of lanceolate; the petals are elliptic oblong, the lip is narrow ovate, and there are bright green spots at the base; the syncytial column is short; the stamens are nearly round, with papillae.

It is distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

⑧ Dendrobium tenuifolium

Stem erect, thin, 15-30 cm high, 3-6 mm in diameter, internodes about 2.5 cm long, some nodes with small branches. Petiole: linear, 4-8 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, apex obtuse, with oblique retuse. Raceme axillary, 1-2 flowers; yellow drooping flowers; bracts ovate; total pedicel 8-12 mm long; sepals and petals almost isomorphic, oblong; labellum 3-lobed, base with 1 short broad claw; syncytial column 4-4.5 mm high. The flowering period is July.

Born in high mountains. It is distributed in Guangxi, Yunnan and Sichuan.

⑨ Luohe Dendrobium, also known as: xiaohuangcao.

Stem erect, cylindrical, thin skinned, 25-27 cm high, internodes 1.3-2.3 cm long. Leaf sheath membranous, tubular, amplexicaul; leaves oblong, 3.5-6 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, both ends pointed. Flowers yellow, several single in the upper part of leafless stem; central sepal elliptic, both sides sepal oblique elliptic; petals elliptic, labial obovate, spreading 2 cm long, 1.7 cm wide, with fleshy mastoid protuberance, leading edge irregular serration; syncytial column 3.5 mm high, pistil column 7 mm long. The flowering period is June.

Attached to the rocks of the valley. It is distributed in Guangxi.

⑩ Dendrobium morifolium

Stem cylindrical, 10-15 cm high, 5-7 mm in diameter, base slightly thin. Leaves sessile, oblong lanceolate, 4-6 cm long and 1.2-1.8 cm wide. Flowers solitary; pale pink; bracts small; central sepal oblong lanceolate, sepals subtubular on both sides, stigma with saccate; petals elliptic, labellum 3-lobed, apex concave or suborbicular, margin fimbriate, center hairy; syncytial column very short.

Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places.

(11) Dendrobium Xiaomei, also known as Dendrobium dwarf and Herba nigellae.

The stem is pseudobulbous, fusiform, 4-7.5 cm high, about 1.5 cm in diameter, usually 3-node, covered with black long bristles. Leaves 2-4, oblong or elliptic, sub oblong, 2-5 cm long, 1-1.8 cm wide, apex acute, with oblique concave head. Raceme on leafy stem; white flowers, 1-3, total pedicel 1.8-2 cm long; central sepal elliptic oblong, both sides sepals nearly triangular, pistil column with wide saccate; petal oval oblong, lip 3-lobed, central lobe obcordate, both sides lobes nearly circular; syncytial column 5-6 mm high.

It is distributed in Yunnan.

[collection] it can be excavated all year round, but the quality is good after autumn. If it is stored fresh after harvest, it should be cultivated in fine sand and stone in spring and autumn, placed in a shady and wet place, and watered frequently to keep the root moist. In winter, it should be placed in bamboo basket and covered with pubao, but attention should be paid to air circulation. Dry Dendrobium is usually cut the fibrous roots of fresh Dendrobium, washed, dried or dried; in Guangxi area, it is first scalded with boiling water, and then rubbed and dried (or dried) until it is completely dry. Earring Dendrobium: when processing, pick up fresh Dendrobium with a length of about 4cm, remove part of its fibrous roots, wash and dry it in the air, then put it into an iron pot, stir fry it evenly until it is soft, rub off the film-shaped leaf sheath while it is hot, place it in a slightly ventilated place, put it in a lead skin plate with fine eyes two days later, heat it slightly at a place about one foot away from the plate, bend it into a spiral or spring shape by hand, and then air it Dry, repeat 2-3 times until dry.

[medicinal material] due to different varieties and processing methods, the product is usually divided into Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium chrysogenum, Dendrobium xiaohuangcao, Dendrobium earrings and fresh Dendrobium.

① Dendrobium nobile

It is a product of Dendrobium nobile. The dry stem is about 20-45 cm long and 1-1.5 cm in diameter. The base is cylindrical, the middle and upper parts are flat cylindrical. The stem nodes bend slightly to the left and right, the surface is golden yellow and slightly green, glossy, with longitudinal grooves, the nodes are obvious and brown, sometimes the nodes are slightly expanded, and the internodes are about 2.5-3 cm long

Chinese PinYin : Shi Hu