Phytolacca acinosa

Shanglu (Ben Jing)

Root class

[synonyms] danggen, YeHu (Ben Jing), danglu (Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu), Baichang (Kai Bao Ben Cao), zhangliugen (Ben Cao Tu Jing), jianzhongxiao, shanrou (classified herbal medicine), shuirou (Chinese medicine Zhi), baihen, changbulao (Nanjing folk medicine), wet radish (Guizhou folk medicine Collection), goutousanqi (collection of medicinal materials) They are Xiaozhong, niurou and chunniutou (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine records), xiashanhu and niudahuang (Hunan traditional Chinese medicine records), and wild radish (Chinese herbal medicine communication (1): 131973).

[source] it is the root of Phytolacca acinosa.

[plant morphology] Phytolacca americana, also known as amaranth (the book of changes), horsetail (Erya), Polygonum (Guangya),?, Zhanglu, zhangliu (Yupian), amaranth, wet amaranth, shanbaogu, jinqiniang, red amaranth, jinjimu, zhumuer, amaranth, feizhucai.

Perennial herbs, 70-100cm high, glabrous, stout roots, fleshy, conical, pale yellow skin. Stem erect, much branched, green or purplish red, with longitudinal furrow. Leaves alternate, elliptic or ovate elliptic, 12-25 cm long, 5-10 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate and downward, entire, lateral veins pinnate, main veins stout; petiole 1.5-3 cm long, with groove above, semicircular below. Raceme terminal or lateral, 10-15 cm long; flowers bisexual, about 8 mm in diameter, peduncle with bracts 1 and bracteoles 2 at the base of peduncle; calyx usually 5, occasionally 4, ovate or oblong elliptic, first white, then pale red; apetalous: stamens 8, anthers pale pink; carpels 8-10, free. Berries oblate, ca. 7 mm in diameter, usually composed of 8 separate fruits, purple black when ripe. Seed kidney round, flat, black. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from August to October.

Most of them live in wet places such as under sparse forest, forest edge, roadside and gully. It is distributed in most areas of China.

The flower of this plant (Shanglu flower) is also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] it can be harvested in autumn, winter or spring. After digging, remove the stems, leaves, fibrous roots and soil, wash them, cut them into pieces horizontally or vertically, and dry them in the sun or in the shade.

[medicinal material] the dried roots were cut into irregular pieces with different sizes. The transverse section is crooked and uneven, the edge is wrinkled, the diameter is about 2.5-6 cm, the thickness is about 4-9 mm, the outer skin is grayish yellow or grayish brown; the section is white or yellowish white, rough, with many concentric ring protrusions. The length of the longitudinal section is about 4.5-10 cm and the width is about 1.5-3 cm. The surface is uneven. The xylem has many protruding longitudinal stripes. It is hard to break. The taste is slightly sweet and slightly bitter after chewing for a long time. It is better to have large white color, powdery and obvious ring pattern on both sides.

It is mainly produced in Henan, Anhui, Hubei and other places.

In Guangdong Province, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale was used as Phytolacca acinosa. See "zhangliutou".

[chemical constituents] it contains phytolaccoline, potassium nitrate and saponin.

(1) expectorant effect

The effect of decoction was the strongest, tincture was the second, and water extract was the weakest. Chloroform extract and sapogenin also had significant effect, but crude alkaloid and sapogenin had no significant effect.

② Antitussive effect

Mice with oral infusion, tincture and decoction had no cough effect (ammonia water spray cough method), but tincture and decoction subcutaneous injection had mild antitussive effect. Crude alkaloids had obvious antitussive effect, and the effect of chloroform extract and saponins was not significant.

③ Antiasthmatic effect

Guinea pigs subcutaneous injection of tincture and tincture, without asthma, can only prolong the incubation period (histamine spray induced asthma).

④ Antibacterial and antiviral effects

In vitro, the decoction and tincture of wild radish had certain antibacterial effect on some strains of influenza and pneumococcus, and the effect of decoction was better than tincture. Phytolacca acinosa juice contains an anti TMV component, which is a glycoprotein.

⑤ Other functions

When the extract of Phytolacca acinosa root was infused into toad kidney, the urine flow increased significantly. When it was directly dropped into frog kidney or web, the capillary dilation and blood flow increased. The effect of potassium salt or ash of Phytolacca acinosa root was different from this. Therefore, the diuretic effect of Phytolacca acinosa root was not due to the potassium salt contained in it, but potassium salt also played some additional roles. Intravenous injection of pokeweed extract in anesthetized dogs showed obvious diuretic effect and had no significant effect on blood pressure. The results showed that 5% Phytolacca acinosa extract could kill Culex pipiens pallens larvae within 48 hours.

[toxicity] the median lethal dose of Phytolacca acinosa in mice was as follows (g / kg): 26 (water extract), 28 (decoction), 46.5 (tincture), all of which were taken orally; 1.05 (water extract), 1.3 (decoction), 5.3 (tincture), all of which were injected intraperitoneally.

There are red radish and white radish. According to the lethal reaction to mice, the toxicity of red radish is about twice that of white radish. After boiling for 2 hours, the toxicity of red radish and white radish is significantly reduced.

After oral administration of dried radish powder (5-10 g / kg), rabbits showed no obvious toxic symptoms except decreased activity. The higher the dose, the more serious the vomiting reaction. The second day in the 10 g / kg group, there was still vomiting. Two of the four cats in this group died within two days. After oral administration of 1 g / kg, the dog also developed vomiting and had no other reaction except less activity. The rats were orally given the decoction 5 g / kg every day for 3 weeks without obvious abnormality.

[processing] Phytolacca acinosa: wash, soak, moisten and slice. Dry in the sun. Vinegar Phytolacca acinosa: take the pure Phytolacca acinosa slices, add rice vinegar in the pot and cook until the vinegar is absorbed, then stir fry until slightly dry. (each piece of Phytolacca acinosa is 100kg, vinegar 30kg)

"Lei Gong Paozhi Lun:" in every practice of Shanglu, first scrape the thick skin with a copper knife, cut it thinly, soak it in water for two nights, then percolate it out and steam it in a steamer, and then steam it with the same weight of bean leaves and Shanglu. From noon to Hai, remove the bean leaves, dry them and file them. If there is no bean leaf, only use bean instead. "

Bitter, cold and poisonous.

① Ben Jing: "the taste is pungent and the taste is flat. "

② Bielu: "acid, poisonous. "

③ "Compendium": "bitter, cold. "

[channel tropism] entering spleen and bladder channels.

"Lei Gong processed medicine solution": into the spleen, bladder, small intestine three channels. "

[function and indications] it can relieve constipation, relieve water and disperse knots. Treatment of edema, fullness, beriberi, laryngeal obstruction, carbuncle, sore.

① "Ben Jing": "main water distension, hernia, arthralgia; ironing out carbuncle. "

② Bielu: "it can cure the evil Qi in the chest, edema, flaccidity, abdominal fullness and straightness, dredge the five zang organs and disperse the water Qi. "

③ According to the theory of medicinal properties, "it can reduce ten kinds of water diseases; the obstruction of the larynx, thin cut vinegar boil, and the swelling of the larynx. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "Tongda small intestine, Xie Gu toxin, abortion, swelling toxin, application of sores. "

⑤ Yilin zuanyao: "grinding and smearing tinea, killing insects. "

⑥ "Treating jaundice" in Guizhou folk medicine collection. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or powder. External use: tamping.

[should avoid] spleen deficiency edema and pregnant women should not take.

① "Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu" says, "don't eat dog meat when you are in land. "

② Rihuazi materia medica: "get garlic good. "

③ "Pinhuijingyao": "pregnancy is not acceptable. "

④ "Compendium": "not for those with weak stomach qi. "

⑤ "Materia medica Huiyan": "it can't be used lightly if it's not qi stagnation and water stagnation or acute distension. "

[formula selection] 1. To cure dampness: raw Phytolacca acinosa (cut like beans), red adzuki bean and three crucian carp (remove intestines and store scales). For the first three flavors, put the two flavors in the belly of the real fish and bind them with soft water. For three liters of water, slowly cook the beans to rot and remove the fish. Only take the two flavors, eat them on an empty stomach and send them down with fish juice. For the worse, after two days, it's only three doses. (Shanglu Doufang, Shengji Zonglu)

② Cure ten kinds of water, water: Shanglu root (take a natural juice), kansui at the end of a money. On a dog with a fine research, the same tune on medicine, only for - clothing, hollow clothing, afternoon underwater. Avoid salt for 100 days and licorice for three days. (Shanglu powder in Yang's family's collection)

③ Those who can not take hot medicine are Alisma orientalis, Phytolacca acinosa, adzuki bean (fried), notopterygium Notopterygii (desquamated), Pericarpium macrobelli, JiaoMu, Mutong, Gentiana macrophylla (desquamated), Poria cocos and betel nut. Divide it equally, cut it carefully, take 4 yuan each, 1.5 cup of water, 5 pieces of ginger, fry it for 7 minutes, remove the dross and warm it up at any time. (jishengfang shuzaoyinzi)

④ To cure sudden death: smash the root of Phytolacca acinosa, steam it, place it on the abdomen with new cloth, spread it with medicine, and cover it with clothes. Use it for several days, and do not rest overnight. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑤ For the treatment of hypochondriasis, the pain under the flank is as hard as stone: a liter of raw Phytolacca root juice, one or two almonds (soaked in the soup to remove the skin tip). Grind the kernel to make it rotten, mix the root juice of Phytolacca acinosa, grind and filter the juice, and fry it in the fire. Each service, take jujube Xu big, empty stomach to hot wine, gradually add, in order to benefit evil things for degree. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑥ When treating postpartum blood clot, the pain is intolerable: Shanglu (dry), Danggui (cut, fried) each one point, bigemina, Puhuang each one or two. On the four flavor pound Luo for powder, empty stomach warm wine tune down two money dagger. (Shanglu San, Shengji Zonglu)

⑦ Treatment of lymph node tuberculosis: Shanglu three money, brown sugar as a guide, decoction. (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine)

⑧ Treat stone carbuncle as hard as stone, do not make pus: raw pokeweed root tamping, dry that is easy, take soft for degree. He also treated carbuncle and furuncle caused by dampness leakage.

⑨ Treatment of all swelling and poisons: Shanglu root and a little salt, tamping, day again easy.

⑩ Treatment of sore and water poison: poke the root of Phytolacca acinosa, wrap it with cloth and iron it. It's easy when it's cold. (less than 8 square meters)

Chinese PinYin : Shang Lu