Grape

Grape

(Ben Jing)

[synonym] caolongzhu (compendium) and shanhulu (Chinese tree taxonomy).

[source] it is the fruit of Vitis vinifera.

[plant morphology] grape

Tall twining vines, young stems glabrous or slightly woolly. The leaves are papery, alternate, round or ovate, 10-20 cm wide, often 3-5-lobed, heart-shaped at the base, with thick and slightly sharp teeth at the edge, and often densely covered with arachnoid hairs below; the petiole is 4-8 cm long. The flower is heterozygous, allotype, panicle large and long, opposite to leaf; peduncle without tendril; calyx very small, cup-shaped, entire or indistinct 5-toothed; petal 5, yellow green, apex adherent, base separated, cap shaped, whole piece falling off at flowering; stamen 5; disk raised, composed of 5 glands, base connate with ovary; ovary 2-locular, ovule 2 in each locule, style short, panicle Shape. Berries oval to oval oblong, juicy, ripe purple black or red with cyan, covered with wax powder. The flowering period is June. The fruit period is from September to October.

It is cultivated in the north of the Yangtze River Valley, mainly in Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places. There are many varieties of grapes, among which suozuo grape (also known as sosuo grape and Douli grape) cultivated in Xinjiang is recorded in compendium of Materia Medica. It is generally believed that this kind of grape is the best one for medicinal use.

The root (grape root) and vine leaf (grape vine leaf) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] the fruits were harvested in late summer and early autumn and dried in the shade. Most are made into raisins.

[herbal medicine] suozuo grape: the dry fruit has reddish brown skin, small particles, wrinkled skin and sweet taste. It is better to have red and brown color, regular grain and no impurity, and it is better to have thin and ragged grain. It is produced in Xinjiang.

[chemical composition] grape contains glucose, fructose, a small amount of sucrose, xylose, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid. It also contains monoglucosides and diglucosides of various anthocyanins. It contains 0.2 g protein, 4 mg calcium, 15 mg phosphorus, 0.6 mg iron, 0.04 mg carotene, 0.04 mg thiamine, 0.01 mg riboflavin, 0.1 mg nicotinic acid and 4 mg vitamin C per 100 g.

Grape skin contains cyanidin, paeoniflorin, delphinidin, petuniacin, malvacanin and malvacanin-3 - β - glucoside.

The seed oil content was 9.58%. It also contains pyrocatechol, gallic catechin, gallate and so on.

[pharmacological action] in the aspect of action, grape has some activity of vitamin P. 15 g seed oil can reduce gastric acidity, 12 g choleretic (no effect in case of colic) and 40-50 g diarrhea. The leaves and stems had astringent effect, but had no antibacterial effect.

[nature and taste] sweet and sour, flat.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes sweet and flat. "

② Meng Shen: "sweet and sour, warm. "

③ "Gangmu": "sweet and astringent, flat, non-toxic. "

[channel tropism] entering lung, spleen and kidney channels.

① "To match the materia medica": "start with the taiyangjing. "

② Ben Cao Qiu Zhen: "into the kidney. "

③ In Bencao Zaixin: "entering the spleen and lung meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying qi and blood, strengthening muscles and bones, and promoting urination. Treatment of Qi and blood weakness, lung deficiency cough, palpitations, night sweats, rheumatic arthralgia, gonorrhea, edema.

① Ben Jing: "it can control dampness of muscles and bones, replenish qi and strength, strengthen ambition, make people fat and healthy, endure hunger and wind cold. It can be used as wine. "

② Bielu: "to drive water, to facilitate urination. "

③ "Theory of medicinal properties": "in addition to the water between the intestines, regulate the treatment of drenching, pass urine. "

④ "The book of materia medica:" when treating qi, if the rash does not come out, drink wine. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica": "greatly invigorate Qi and blood, relax muscles and activate collaterals, and take it with wine. It is also used to treat night sweat deficiency syndrome. Juice, cough. "

⑥ "The picture of Materia Medica in the south of Yunnan Province" says: "in the treatment of pox, the fetal Qi is flushed up, and the decoction is drunk immediately. "

⑦ "Herbal mirror": "treatment of dampness and pain of muscles and bones. It is very effective in removing edema all over the body. "

⑧ Ben Er Zai Xin: "warming stomach and strengthening spleen, treating lung deficiency and cold cough, breaking blood and accumulating gangrene.". "

⑨ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "Invigorating Qi, nourishing kidney fluid, benefiting liver yin, strengthening muscles and bones, relieving thirst, stabilizing fetus. "

⑩ "Xinjiang herbal medicine": detoxification, dispersing. "

(11) Luchuan materia medica: "nourish and strengthen, replenish blood, strengthen heart and diuresis. For lumbago, stomachache, mental fatigue, blood deficiency and heartbeat. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, mash juice or soak wine.

[taboo] 1. Meng Shen: "it's too much to eat. It's boring and dark. "

② In the book of Ben Jing Feng Yuan: "eating too much makes people diarrhea. "

③ Yilin zuanyao: "more food produces internal heat. "

[formula selection] 1. Strengthen kidney: a small amount of grape and ginseng. If you rub the waist and spine when you lie down, it can help the kidney to be strong. It is especially effective to take it. (Ben Jing Feng Yuan)

② Treatment of heat drenching, less astringent urination, poor pain and bleeding: grape juice, lotus juice, Rehmannia Juice and honey. On the phase and, fried for thin, each in the food before taking two. (Shenghui recipe fried with grapes)

③ Except vexation and quench thirst: mash and filter the juice of raw grape, thicken it with earthenware, add a little honey, and drink with soup. (the complete collection of necessary usage rate at home)

④ Rule blow milk: a grape, in the lamp flame over the Liao, research fine, hot wine tune service. (St. Francis's general record)

⑤ Treatment of gingival swelling and pain, potential to carbuncle: raisin to nuclear, filled with fireworks calcined. Flame over, take the ground into charcoal, grinding the end of rub, saliva out, any spit from the Huang. (medical grade gluconide powder)

Chinese PinYin : Pu Tao