Callicarpa

Callicarpa

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Bauhinia (a collection of Materia Medica), coarse chaff and crow magpie board (taxonomy of Chinese trees), hemostatic herb (Fujian folk herbal medicine), crabs and Yamu herb (Southern Fujian folk herbal medicine), white firewood and white snow grass (Eastern Fujian herbal medicine).

[source] it is the leaf of the Verbenaceae.

[plant morphology] duhonghua

Deciduous shrub, up to 3 m tall, branchlets covered with yellowish brown stellate hairs. Leaves opposite; ovate elliptic or elliptic, 7-15 cm long, 3.5-8 cm high, base obtuse round or broadly cuneate, with fine coarse hairs on the top, yellowish brown stellate hairs on the bottom, 8-12 pairs of lateral veins, with teeth and fine serrations on the edge; petiole 8-15 mm long, densely covered with yellowish brown stellate hairs. Compound cyme axillary, about 3-4 cm in diameter, peduncle about 1.5-2.5 cm long; petiole about 1.5 mm long; calyx short campanulate, 4-lobed, lobes obtuse triangular, calyx and petiole are stellate hairs; corolla short tubular, 4-lobed, purple, about 2 mm long, glabrous; stamen 4, twice longer than corolla; pistil 1, ovary 4-locular, style slender, higher than stamen, stigma single. Drupe small, purplish red, ca. 2 mm in diam. The flowering period is between summer and autumn.

Born in mountains and forests. It is distributed in the south of China.

Huazizhu produced in Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Guangxi is also used as medicine.

[collection] harvest from July to August and dry in the sun.

[chemical composition] it contains flavonoids and condensed tannins. It also contains neutral resins, sugars, hydroxyl compounds, magnesium, calcium and iron salts.

(1) hemostasis

Zizhucao injection can increase platelet count, shorten bleeding time, clot contraction time and thrombin time. The vasoconstriction of frog mesentery was observed. Dropping zizhucao solution on the intestinal wall of rabbits could cause strong spasm and contraction of intestinal canal, and the serosa turned from pink to white. The bleeding time of rabbits could be shortened. No. 35 hemostatic powder, which is mainly composed of zizhucao extract, has hemostatic effect on dog liver, spleen and gunshot wounds.

② Antibacterial action

It has inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus.

Bitter and smooth.

① "Materia medica: bitter, cold, non-toxic. "

② Fujian folk herbal medicine: "sweet, flat, non-toxic. "

③ "Mindong Materia Medica": "the nature is flat, the taste is slightly astringent. "

Functions and indications: promoting blood circulation, hemostasis, removing heat and detoxification. It is used to treat hematemesis, hemoptysis, haemorrhagia, hematochezia, metrorrhagia, traumatic bleeding, carbuncle, swelling and toxin, and laryngopathy.

① According to Materia Medica, it can relieve all kinds of poisons, such as carbuncle, sore throat, swelling, flaccidity, snake sting, rabies poison, and take it with boiling juice. It can also wash sore swelling, remove blood and grow skin. "

② Fujian folk herbal medicine: "activating blood stasis, hemostasis, anti inflammation, relieving depression. "

③ "Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine resource list": "treat spleen deficiency, reduce fever. It can also kill insects. "

④ "It has good effect on esophageal venous bleeding, gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding, epistaxis, trauma bleeding, pulmonary bleeding and tooth extraction bleeding. "

⑤ "Mindong herbal medicine": "it can cure metrorrhagia and metrorrhagia, and it can cause fever and aversion to cold. "

The dosage of the decoction is 1-5. External use: tamping or grinding powder scattering,

[selection] 1. For gastrointestinal bleeding: three to five points at the end of dried Zizhu leaf. Take cold boiled water every four hours, and then use Zizhu powder to fry and drink instead of tea.

② Treatment of hemoptysis: five to seven points at the end of dried Purple Pearl leaf. Mix egg white, take it every four hours; then use dried Purple Pearl leaf powder, fried in water, drink instead of tea.

③ Treatment of bleeding: dried zizhuye Erqian. Add egg white and sterilized cotton for external use.

④ Treatment of traumatic bleeding: fresh leaves of Zizhu, washed with cold water, tamped evenly and then applied to the wound; or dry leaves of Zizhu, ground and applied to infiltrate, externally wrapped with sterile gauze. (1) Fujian folk herbal medicine

⑤ Treatment of traumatic internal injury bleeding: fresh Purple Pearl leaf and solid two liang, rock sugar one or two. Stew in boiling water and serve twice. (Mindong materia medica)

⑥ Cure all sore throat: take one or two fresh leaves of Zizhu. Wash, water two bowls, fry a bowl of clothes, or fry tea often serve. (Eastern Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑦ Treatment of bleeding after tooth extraction: use sterilized cotton dipped in Purple Pearl leaf end plug it. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑧ Treatment of red eye: take one or two fresh Herba callicarpae, wash and cut into two bowls of water, fry a bowl of clothes. (Minnan folk herbal medicine)

[clinical application] 1

The following dosage forms were used for oral, injection and topical use: one powder - 1-2g per time, three times per day; or 1-5g per time, 6-10g per day. It can also be used topically to treat epistaxis, traumatic bleeding and bleeding after tooth extraction. Two solutions - use the dried extract of Callicarpa officinalis to make 10% solution, and then make hemostatic gauze for various operations. Three injections - made from the leaves of Callicarpa purpurea by ethanol extraction, every 2 ml is equivalent to 2 g of crude drug. Intramuscular injection 2 ml each time, twice a day. In addition, it can be made into decoction and tablet. The above preparations have hemostatic effect in clinical application of hemoptysis, hematemesis, bleeding, gingival bleeding, hematuria, hematochezia, functional uterine bleeding, traumatic bleeding, and bleeding from various surgical wounds caused by various diseases. According to the observation of 80 cases of active bleeding below moderate degree, the total effective rate of oral powder and injection was 95%. Especially for gastrointestinal and respiratory tract bleeding. For gastrointestinal bleeding, oral administration is more effective than injection; the medication time is generally 2-8 days, which is faster than the clinical commonly used hemostatic drugs, and the course of treatment is short. For massive bleeding, the curative effect is not good, and other hemostatic drugs should be used. However, powder and decoctions can also be taken orally to treat massive bleeding caused by esophageal variceal rupture and quickly obtain hemostatic effect. In the treatment of traumatic bleeding, powder spreading or fresh grass tamping, or sterile gauze soaked in zizhucao solution pressing the bleeding site can quickly achieve the purpose of hemostasis. According to the observation of 469 cases of bleeding after tooth extraction, most of them can stop bleeding immediately after treatment, which is faster than the general alveolar compression hemostasis. It was used for 164 cases of bleeding in various operations. Except for 12 cases, the bleeding point of incision and bleeding of wound surface could be stopped in 1-3 minutes without using hemostatic forceps, ligation or suture. In addition, there was no case of rebleeding on the operating table or secondary bleeding after operation in the effective cases, so the operation time could be shortened. At the same time, Zizhu liquid has the function of preventing and reducing wound infection, and no infection occurred in the use cases. However, ligation is still needed to stop bleeding when the small artery in the incision is jet bleeding. The hemostatic effect of zizhucao seems to be to contract blood vessels, facilitate platelet aggregation and hemostasis, and reduce the permeability of blood vessels; it can also stabilize blood pressure in patients with mild shock. Through animal experiments, it is considered that Callicarpa officinalis can promote blood coagulation, directly contract intestinal blood vessels and indirectly stop bleeding by compressing blood vessels through intestinal contracture.

② Treating burns

Sanhuang powder (rhubarb, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phellodendron amurense, etc.) was mixed with 1:1 zizhucao liquid and coated on the wound surface (not too thick). After drying, thin scab was formed. If the scab has cracks, shedding, or secretions, it should be removed in time and re applied. Usually, the scab does not need to be removed, but can fall off after wound healing. According to the observation of 11 cases, it can control wound infection, reduce exudation and promote healing.

③ Treatment of hemorrhoids

576 cases of internal hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids and circular hemorrhoids were treated by injection. Results 561 cases (97.3%) were cured and 15 cases (2.7%) were improved. Mixed hemorrhoids and circular hemorrhoids need to be treated by stages because of their complicated condition. During the injection, a thin needle is used to puncture the hemorrhoids above the dentate line directly. When a certain "floating feeling" is felt (in order to prevent injection into the muscle layer), the hemorrhoids can be pumped back slightly. If there is no blood return, the liquid medicine can be injected. 0.3-1 ml can be injected into each hemorrhoid according to its size. If several hemorrhoids, according to the patient's situation can be injected once or staged injection. After injection, hemorrhoids withered and contracted in about 1-3 days, forming dark blue and smooth fusiform induration and healed; a few cases were cured within 1 week. After injection of mixed hemorrhoids, sometimes the solution diffuses subcutaneously, causing inflammation and edema of external hemorrhoids, and then the inflammation and edema subsides, and the hemorrhoids wither and subside and are cured; this local change mainly occurs in severe cases, and the cure time is slightly longer than that of patients without inflammatory reaction. The local changes of circular hemorrhoids after injection are basically the same as those of mixed hemorrhoids, but the cure time is longer because of the severe condition and reaction. After injection, some patients had chills * for 10~30 minutes, two cases had urinary retention, and two cases were caused by deep injection and injection into the dentate line, causing sciatic fossa inflammation and local infection.

Chinese PinYin : Zi Zhu