a hippocampus

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Shui MA (baopuzi), Gu (Introduction to Hainan), long Luozi and Ma touyu (zoology Dictionary).

[source] all the viscera removed hippocampus of family animals, such as klipper's hippocampus, spiny hippocampus, macrohippocampus, macular hippocampus or Japanese hippocampus.

[animal morphology] 1

It is the largest one in the hippocampus, with a flat body, slightly protruding abdomen, a heptagonal trunk and a quadrangular tail. The body length is 30-33 cm. The crown is short, with 5 short spines at the tip, slightly curved to the rear. The snout is long and tubular. The eye is larger, lateral and higher. The interocular space is smaller than the diameter of the eye, and it is slightly raised. The nostrils are very small, 2 on each side, very close to each other and close to the front of the eye. Small mouth, end position, edentulous. The gill cap is protruding without radial stria. The branchial foramen are small and close to the lateral dorsal side. The anus is located below the ventral side of the 11th segment of the trunk. The body is not scaly, completely covered by the bone ring, with 11 body parts and 39-40 tail parts. The dorsal fin is long, 18-19, well-developed, and lies in the dorsal side of the last two body rings of the trunk and the first two body rings of the tail. Gluteal fin 4, short and small, pectoral fin 18, short and wide, slightly fan-shaped. There was no pelvic fin or caudal fin. Each fin has no spines and its rays are unbranched. The end curls. All of them are pale yellow with white linear spots on the side of the body.

Most of them live in the place where the deep class is luxuriant. When perched, it often clings to the stem and branch of seaweed with its tail. The food is mainly small crustaceans. It is distributed along the coast of Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan.

② Spiny Seahorse

The body length is 20-24 cm, the crown of the head is not high, and the tip has 4-5 thin and sharp spines. The snout is slender and tubular. The length of the snout is greater than or equal to the length of the head behind the orbit. There are 11 bony rings in the body and 35-36 in the tail. The small spines at the junction of bony rings in the body and at the head are especially developed, which is different from other species. Long dorsal fin, 18. Gluteal fin 4, very small, pectoral fin 18, short and wide. The body is light yellowish brown, with a longitudinal spot near the tip of dorsal fin, light color of buttock and pectoral fin, and black tip of small spine on the body.

It is distributed in Guangdong and Fujian coastal areas.

③ Big Seahorse

The body length is 20-24 cm. The crown is low, with 5 short obtuse thick spines at the top. The length of the snout is equal to the length of the head behind the orbit. There are 11 bony rings in the body and 35-36 in the tail, and the small spines on the head, body ring and tail ring are not obvious. Dorsal fin 17, gluteal fin 4, pectoral fin 16. The body is dark brown. There are small dark black spots on the head and side of the body, and there are small silver white spots. There are black longitudinal stripes on the dorsal fin, and light colors on the buttocks and pectoral fins.

It is distributed along the coast of Guangdong and Hainan Island.

④ Hippocampus macularis

The body length is 10-18 cm. The crown of the head is short, with 5 spinules at the top. The snout tube is shorter than 1 / 2 of the head length. The dorsal junction of somite 1,4,7,11 and caudal 1,5,9,13,17 showed a ridge like ridge, and the dorsal spine was larger than other species. Dorsal fin 20-21, gluteal fin 4, pectoral fin 17-18. The body is yellowish brown or even dark brown, with radial brown markings on the eyes, and a large black spot on the base of the 1st, 4th and 7th small spines on the dorsal side of the body, which is different from other species of hippocampus.

It is distributed in Fujian and Guangdong coastal areas.

⑤ Japanese Seahorse

Body length 76-100 mm. The crown is low and small, with 5 short obtuse spines. Snout shorter, about 1 / 3 of head length. The side of the body is flat and the abdomen is protruding. The tail is quadrangular, then tapering and curling. The first, fourth, seventh and eleventh body of trunk and the fifth, ninth, tenth and twelfth body of tail are well developed. Dorsal fin 16-17, gluteal fin 4, pectoral fin 13. The body is grayish brown with irregular markings on the head, snout and cheek. There are also irregular markings on the side of the body. The abdominal margin is dark brown.

It is distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and Guangdong coastal areas.

[collection] it can be captured all year round, but the maximum yield is from August to September. After that, remove the internal organs and dry them in the sun; or after removing the gray and black skin film and internal organs, roll up the tail plate and dry it in the sun, and select those of similar size and wrap them in pairs with red thread. Commodities are divided into seahorse and thorn seahorse. There is another kind of dried product called larva, which is called sea maggot.

(1) hippocampus

It is the dried whole body of hippocampus krylovii, hippocampus macrocephala, hippocampus macularis and hippocampus japonicus. The body is long strip, slightly curved or curled, 10-25 cm long, thick and flat square in the upper part, about 2-3 cm in diameter, thin and square in the lower part, about 1 cm in diameter, and slightly pointed and curved at the end. The head looks like a horse's head, with a long tubular mouth and a pair of deep set eyes. The surface is yellowish white or grayish brown, with slight luster. The upper part has 6 edges, and the lower part has 4 edges. The horizontal lines of dense protuberance, the edge has teeth, and the back has fins. The bone is hard and hard to break. The gas is slightly fishy and the taste is slightly salty. It is better to be big and white.

It is mainly produced in Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan. Guangdong has the largest output.

② Spiny Seahorse

It is the dry body of the thorn seahorse. It is similar to the hippocampus in shape, but smaller, about 20 cm long, with hard spines 2-4 mm long. The other characters are the same as above.

Mainly produced in Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

③ Sea maggot

Also known as: foal, seahorse. It is the larva of hippocampus. Its shape is similar to that of hippocampus but smaller.

The origin is the same as seahorse.

[pharmacological action] the ethanol extract of K's hippocampus can prolong the estrous period of normal female mice, but it can appear the estrous period of castrated mice, and increase the weight of uterus and ovary (normal mice). Taking the weight of prostate, seminal vesicle and levator ani muscle of mice as the index, the extract of hippocampus (species not indicated) showed androgen like effect, and its effect was weak, but stronger.

[processing] seahorse: brush with water, cut into pieces or smash. Fried seahorse with wine: wet the seahorse with yellow rice wine, bake it with low heat until it is crisp and yellow.

Sweet and warm.

① "Materia medica collection": "gentle, non-toxic. "

② "Pinhuijingyao": "it tastes salty, gentle and nontoxic. "

③ "Gangmu": "Gan, Wenping, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① New edition of materia medica: "entering the kidney meridian, the gate of life.". "

② Summary of materia medica: "entering the foot Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, regulating qi and activating blood circulation. Treatment of impotence, enuresis, asthma, dystocia, Baiji, sore swelling poison.

① Materia medica: housewives have dystocia. "

② According to the book of materia medica: "when a woman is about to give birth, she will burn the powder and drink. "The picture of a different fish" says that dystocia and blood gas pain are the main causes. "

③ Pinhuijingyao: "it means Qi and blood. "

④ Compendium: "warm water storage, invigorating yang way, Xiaohuang block, treatment of sore swelling poison. "

⑤ According to Fengyuan of Ben Jing, "Yang deficiency can be used to replace gecko. "

⑥ The introduction to Hainan: "the main night legacy.". "

⑦ "Medicine science": "Wentong renmai, used for wheezing and long-term wheezing. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-3 Qian; or powder, 0.3-1 Qian. External use: grind and sprinkle.

[should not] pregnant women and those with Yin deficiency and excessive fire should not take it.

[prescription selection] 1. To treat the accumulation of excess and deficiency in Yuannian: one or two pieces, a pair of sea horses (yellow for female, blue for male), two pieces of green orange peel (soaked in soup, removed white, baked), two pieces of white morning glory (fried) and 49 pieces of white morning glory (fried). For the first six flavors, soak the green tangerine peel in the kid's urine to soften it, wrap it with croton, fix it with thread, and then soak it in the urine for another seven days. Then, stir fry it with bran and remove the Croton. Only the green tangerine peel and the remaining medicine are mashed and sieved. Take two daggers and one cup of water each time. Boil it three or five times. Remove the dross and take warm clothes before sleep. (Muxiang soup in Shengji Zonglu)

② For the treatment of back sores, and for the treatment of sores: a pair of seahorses (fried), (fried),, each two money, three money, one money, brain, each a little. In addition to mercury, each research for the end of harmony, into mercury and then research to no star. The needle breaks the sore, the point medicine enters, one point a day. Haima Badu powder

[discussion by famous experts] 1. The Compendium: "seahorses, male and female in pairs, have warm sex, so they are often used for dystocia and yang deficiency, such as gecko and Lang Junzi. "

② New edition of materia medica: "seahorse is also a kind of shrimp. It enters the kidney meridian and is good at invigorating yang. Its function is no less than that of seal. It is better at abortion, so it can give birth to babies. The function of the seahorse is not inferior to that of the navel, but it is not inferior to that of the seahorse. No matter male or female, seahorse can prosper in Yang. If you want to use the navel, you must use the male to get the effect. If you buy it at a high price, it's still a fake. How can you use seahorse. "

Chinese PinYin : Hai Ma