Black leaf

(Guangzhou Air Force Manual of common Chinese herbal medicine)

[synonym], goujiaoli (preparation of raw herbal medicine), zhongjingshu (Miscellaneous records of Lingnan), yelan (Cantonese), shanyelan (seeking the source of Materia Medica), tanzhongkui (record of collecting herbs in Lingnan), siyanye (medical records of Nanning), yelan tea (medical records of Lingnan), Tiejia general and Laoya writing, temple Doll (Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine II), qingfanmu and siyancao (Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine II) Chinese herbal medicine), chicken kidney leaf (Guangzhou Air Force Manual of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine).

[source] it is the tender branch and leaf of black face leaf.

Black leaf

Erect shrub, 2-3m high. The bark is grayish brown, the branches are cylindrical, forked and curved, and there are small white pores on the surface. Single leaf alternate; short petiole; ovate or ovate lanceolate, 3-5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, apex obtuse or short pointed, base cuneate, entire, veins small, raised below, leathery, dark green above, gray green below, black after drying. Flowers very small, 2-4 axillary, unisexual, monoecious; no petals and disk; male calyx is gyroscopic or semicircular, truncate, very thick margin, sometimes split; stamens 3, filaments forming a column; degenerate ovary is absent; female calyx is slightly larger, base is gyroscopic, upper part is expanded, when bearing, it expands into disk or cup; degenerate stamens are absent; ovary is spherical, style 3, 2-lobed. Drupe globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., on persistent calyx. The flowering period is from April to September.

Born in shrubbery. It is distributed in the south of China, Yunnan, Guizhou, Zhejiang and Fujian.

The root of this plant (black leaf root) is also used for medicine. See special section for details.

[collection] all year round.

[medicinal material] the fresh branches and leaves are dark green and black after drying. The branches are oblate, with ridges and grooves on the surface, and small white lenticels, hard and brittle, gray brown in cross section, and medullary cavity in the middle. The leaf surface is black and shiny, and the back is gray black with red. It's brittle.

Produced in Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

[chemical constituents] tannins were found in the bark of branches, leaves and stems, and the content of tannins in the bark was 12.02%. The leaves contain phenols and triterpenes. Seeds contain fatty oil.

[pharmacological action] antibacterial action. 1: 1200 black noodle shenliu extract diluted and concentrated in test tube has strong antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus A, which may be related to the tannins contained in it.

[toxicity] mice were intraperitoneally injected with 5% heimianshen injection (detanning) 0.4ml/mouse, and there was no death after 2 weeks of observation. 40 ml of the above preparation was injected intravenously, and then 20 ml was injected 4 times a day for 10 days. No obvious changes were found in the general condition and liver and kidney function. After 15 days, no changes were found in all organs.

Bitter, cold and poisonous.

① "Raw herbal medicine nature preparation": it tastes sweet and has a cold nature. "

② "Ben Cao Qiu yuan": "bitter and sweet, slightly cold. "

③ "Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "taste bitter and astringent, slightly sweet, cold. "

[function indications] clearing dampness and heat, removing blood stasis. It is used to treat abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, toxin, sores, eczema, dermatitis, lacquer sores, crane knee wind, tumefaction and pain.

① "Preparation of raw herbal medicine nature": "disperse sore and disinfect. Wash rotten meat, lacquer sores, detoxify cattle. When you see all kinds of poisons, you will feel sweet when you eat them. "

② "Miscellaneous records of Lingnan" says: "to cure all the diseases of wind and cold, take the leaves and fry them in soup, and then spit and salivate in a short time. If you are in danger, pick a few leaves and chew them. If you spit or don't spit, you will soon recover. "

③ Lu Chuan materia medica: "clearing away heat and toxin, stopping diarrhea, breaking accumulation. Treatment of damp heat, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hexifeng, tumefaction and pain. "

④ In the annals of Lingnan herbal medicine: "Jiere Sandu, Huayu Huazhi. "

⑤ "Guangdong traditional Chinese medicine" II: "external treatment of wound bleeding, boiling water to wash frostbite. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang. External use: decoct, wash, tamp or sprinkle.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

[prescription selection] 1. Treatment of sores: the black face leaves are mashed and applied to the affected area. (Lingnan herbal medicine)

② Treatment of milk tube and milk less: black leaves mashed, and wine trough, honey service. (collection of herbs in Lingnan)

③ Treatment of eczema, allergic dermatitis. Skin itching: black leaves, branches and leaves fried, washed or fresh leaves mashed juice coated. (Guangzhou Air Force Manual of common Chinese herbal medicine)

④ Cure rotten sores: green wood leaf one or two, five money, black ink grass two money. Mash and apply. (Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Treatment of sores and boils, bite, knife wound bleeding: qingfan wood leaf mashed compress. (Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine)

[clinical application] treatment of chronic tracheitis

Black noodle (fresh) 1 liang, 5 yuan, 5 yuan, brown sugar 3 yuan, fried twice a day, 10 days as a course of treatment. 872 cases were treated, 271 cases were controlled, 294 cases were markedly effective, 234 cases were improved, the total effective rate was 91.63%, 73 cases were ineffective. After taking the medicine, some patients had side effects such as dizziness, weakness and stomach discomfort.

[toxicity] it has been reported that 4 patients with toxic hepatitis caused by taking 1-3 Liang (decoction) of heimianshenxian. The clinical manifestations were dizziness, headache, epigastric discomfort, frequent vomiting, decreased appetite, jaundice, and even deep coma, hepatomegaly, tenderness, and obvious liver function damage. 3 cases were cured and 1 case died of hepatic coma. Some people think that the root epidermis should be scraped off and taken with honey to reduce the toxicity, and the dosage should not exceed 0.5-1 Liang.

Chinese PinYin : Hei Mian Ye