figwort

Chinese name (Ben Jing)

Root class

[synonyms] Chongtai (Ben Jing), Guizang, zhengma, Luchang, Duan, xuantai (Wu Pu Ben Cao), Xian (BIE Lu), Zhuma (on medicinal properties), fucao (Kaibao Ben Cao), heishen (Sun Tianren Ji Xiao Fang), yezhima (compendium), Yuanshen (Ben Cao Tong Xuan).

[source] it is the root of Scrophulariaceae.

[plant morphology] Scrophularia ningpoensis

Perennial herbs, 60-120 cm high. The root is cylindrical, 5-12 cm long, 1.5-3 cm in diameter, the lower part is often forked, and the outer skin is grayish yellow brown. Stem erect, 4-branched, smooth or glandular pilose. Leaves opposite; petiole 0.5-2 cm long; leaf blade ovate or ovate elliptic, 7-20 cm long, 3.5-12 cm wide, apex acuminate, base rounded or nearly truncate, margin obtuse serrate, with sparse scattered hairs below. The cyme is spreading and panicle shaped; the peduncle is 1-3 box meters, the inflorescence and peduncle have obvious glandular hairs; sepals are 5-lobed, ovoid, apex obtuse, glandular hairs on the outside; corolla is dark purple, the tube is oblique pot shaped, about 8 mm long, with 5 lobes, 2 lobes on the top are longer and larger, 2 lobes on the side are second, and the lower lobes are smallest; stamens are 4, 2-strong, and 1 degenerated stamen is scaly The ovary is superior, 2-locular, and the style is slender. Capsule ovoid, apex mucronate, dark green or dark green, ca. 8 mm, calyx persistent. The flowering period is from July to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

It grows under the hillside forest. It is distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Shaanxi and other places. It is widely cultivated in Zhejiang and other places.

[collection] before and after the beginning of winter, the stems, leaves and fibrous roots should be removed, the sediment should be brushed, exposed to the sun for 5-6 days, and often turned over. Every night, straw should be covered to prevent freezing (if it is frozen, it will be hollow). When it is half dry, it should be piled up for 2-3 days to make the interior black, and then it should be piled up and dried repeatedly until it is completely dry. Drying method can be adopted in rainy days. This product is easy to anti moisture, should be stored in a ventilated and dry place, to prevent mildew and moth.

[medicinal material] the dry root is cylindrical, some of which are curved like sheep's horn. The middle part is plump and the two ends are slightly thin. It is about 10-20 cm long and 1.5-3 cm in diameter. The surface is grayish yellow or brown, with parallel lines and gullies, with transverse cracks (lenticels) and fibrous root marks. There are reed heads on the top, which have been trimmed, and the bottom is blunt. Solid quality, not easy to break. The cross section is black, slightly glossy and without cracks. Odorless or slightly burnt gas, taste sweet, slightly bitter and salty, chew soft. It is better to have large branches, thin skin, firm quality, clean reed head and dark meat. Those with small branches, rough skin and reed head are inferior in quality.

It is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Sichuan and Hubei. In addition, it is also produced in Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi and other places. Zhejiang has a large output and good quality.

In addition, there are roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis in northern China, which are often used as Scrophularia ningpoensis. The difference is that the inflorescence is compact into spikes, the Corolla is yellow green, and the leaves are narrow. They like to grow in moist soil. Distribution of northeast, North China, northwest and other places.

[chemical constituents] it contains alkaloids, sugars, sterols, amino acids, fatty acids, trace volatile oil, carotene, etc.

[pharmacological action] pharmacological action of Radix Scrophulariae

① Antihypertensive effect

The blood pressure of anesthetized rabbits was slightly increased at first and then decreased after a small amount of fluid extract was injected intravenously, but only decreased when a large amount of fluid extract was injected intravenously. Water extract, ethanol water extract and decoction have significant antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, cats and rabbits; healthy dogs and "kidney type high blood ratio" dogs, oral Decoction 2G / kg, twice a day, all show antihypertensive effect, the effect on the latter is more significant than the former, when the dose is reduced, the effect is just delayed. In the heart perfusion of toad, the small amount of flow extract can strengthen the heart, while the large amount of flow extract can lead to poisoning, which can dilate the lower limb blood vessels of toad.

② Other functions

The blood sugar of normal rabbits was slightly decreased by subcutaneous injection of liquid extract (5g / kg). P-mcthoxycinnamic proposed from its root_ Acid has antipyretic effect on rabbits with fever caused by typhoid vaccine. The extract has antifungal effect in vitro. Because it contains saponins, it has significant hemolytic effect and can cause local irritation.

In addition, the total flavonoid aglycones in S. grosslwimi have the effects of reducing blood pressure, capillary permeability and cholangiolysis. S. Nodosa has sedative, hypotensive, cardiotonic, Vasodilative and anticonvulsant effects.

[processing] clean the impurities, remove the reed head, wash and moisten, slice and dry. Or wash a little bubble, put in the cage drawer steaming, take out the air 6 ~ 70% dry. Simmer until black inside and outside, slice and dry.

"Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun" says: "after collecting the Scrophularia, you must use the cattail grass to separate them. After steaming in the steamer for two days, you can come out, dry them in the sun, and then pick up the cattail grass for use. "

[flavor] bitter, salty and cool.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and slightly cold. "

② Wupu materia medica: "Shennong, Tongjun, Leigong, bianque: bitter, non-toxic. Qibo: salty. Li: cold. "

③ "Medicine Hua Yi" says: "it tastes slightly bitter, slightly salty, slightly sweet, and has a cool nature. "

[channel tropism] entering lung and kidney channels.

① "Medicine FA Xiang": the kidney meridian of foot Shaoyin. "

② "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the heart, lung and kidney. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "entering the spleen, kidney and stomach. "

Functions and indications: Nourishing Yin, reducing fire, eliminating trouble and detoxifying. It is used to treat febrile diseases, Yin injury, tongue effusion, thirst, freckles, bone steaming, fatigue heat, restless sleep at night, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, body fluid injury, constipation, hematemesis, bleeding, sore throat, carbuncle, rash, mild toxicity, freckles, red eyes, diphtheria, sore poison.

① Ben Jing: "the accumulation of cold and heat in the abdomen, women's milk disease, kidney qi, eye-catching. "

② Bielu: "it is mainly characterized by sudden stroke, typhoid fever, body heat, full of crazy evil, sudden ignorance of people, warm malaria, blood stasis, lower cold blood, in addition to chest Qi, lower water, relieving thirst, dispersing lower cervical nucleus, carbuncle, heartache and abdominal pain, strengthening hundred, and fixing five Zang. "

③ "Theory of medicinal properties": "it can treat sudden heat, main hot wind, headache, typhoid fever, fatigue, scattered gall. "

④ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can cure head wind, heat and poison, swim wind, tonify deficiency and strain, make the heart frightened and irritable, lack of bone steaming, spread evil Qi of corpse, stop forgetfulness and eliminate swelling and poison. "

⑤ "Qi Yuan of medicine" says: "the treatment of heart chagrin? Vexed and can not sleep, heart and mind reversed, desire to die, blood stagnation and urination are not conducive. "

⑥ The essence of pinhui: "eliminate the swelling of the throat and eliminate the fire without roots. "

⑦ Compendium: "nourishing yin and reducing fire, relieving spot poison, benefiting throat, relieving urination and blood stagnation. "

⑧ "Materia medica justice": "it can treat the heat evil of chest and diaphragm, heart and lung, and clear the heat knot of bladder, liver and kidney. It can treat sore throat caused by wind heat, clear eyes caused by liver Yang, stop spontaneous sweating and night sweating, and treat hematemesis and bleeding. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-5 Qian; or into the pill, powder. External use: tamping or grinding.

[should avoid] those with spleen and stomach dampness and loose stool due to spleen deficiency should not take it.

① "Lei Gong Paozhi Lun": "when using, don't make copper. The bait will choke people's throat and lose people's eyes. "

② "Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu": "evil Huangqi", "Huo Zao". It's against the Lilu. "

③ "The classic of Materia Medica" says: "it's not suitable to take it because of lack of blood, dizziness of eyes, stopping drinking cold and heat, fullness of branches, abdominal pain due to blood deficiency and diarrhea due to bi deficiency. "

④ In Yilin zuanyao: "deficiency cold is taboo. "

[prescription selection] 1. After sweating and vomiting of typhoid fever, the poisonous gas does not disperse, the exterior is deficient and the interior is solid, and the heat is emitted from the exterior. Therefore, the body spots are like brocade, and even irritable and delirious. It also treats the swelling and pain of the closed throat: Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae) and (fried) in half. The file is as big as beans. Take five daggers each time. Fry one and a half cups of water until seven minutes. Remove the dross. (Xuanshen Shengma Decoction in Lei Zheng huoren Shu)

② Treatment of Sanjiao accumulated heat: Xuanshen, Xuanshen, and Liangyou. At the end of the day, the honey pill is big. Take 30 or 40 pills each time, and put them in white soup. Xiaoer Wan is big. (Danxi Xinfa)

③ For the treatment of Yang Ming's warm disease, there is no upper Jiao syndrome, and there is no defecation for several days. At present, if the person's Yin is deficient, it is not feasible to inherit Qi: Xuanshen one or two (Lianxin) eight coins. Eight cups of water, boil three cups, dry mouth and drink. If it's inconvenient, I'll take it again. (Zengye Decoction in differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases)

④ Treatment of Shangjiao deficiency of typhoid fever, blockage of toxic gas heat, swelling and pain of throat and tongue: Xuanshen, Huangyao, one or two each. Apply the medicine, pound and sift it as the end. Take five yuan each time. Take a large cup of water and fry it until five minutes. Remove the dross and take it gently at any time. (shenghuifang Xuanshen powder)

⑤ Treat acute laryngopharyngitis wind, regardless of adults and children: Scrophularia, rat sticky son (half fried) each one or two. At the end of the day, take a new cup of water. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑥ At the beginning of the treatment, Yuanshen (steamed), oyster (calcined, researched) and Quxin (steamed) were four Liang each. Total for the end, refining honey for the pill. Three yuan per serving, boiled underwater, two servings per day. (Xiaohuang pill in medical mind)

⑦ Solution of heat, eliminate sore poison: Scrophularia, yellow each one or two, rhubarb five money (simmer). On the end, refining honey balls, wick, < U > < U > soup, or add a little sugar. (on Buyao pocket formula for children)

⑧ Treatment of red pulse through pupil: Scrophularia at the end, cooked with rice swill, dip in food every day. (Ji Ji Xian Fang)

Chinese PinYin : Xuan Can