Raspberry

(notes to the classic of Materia Medica)

[synonyms] bramble (bielu), Ribes (compendium), small tray (manual of traditional Chinese Medicine), Ribes (Jiangxi traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the immature fruit of Rubus palmatum, chatianpao and other Rosaceae plants.

[plant morphology] 1

Deciduous shrub, 2-3m high. The young branches are green with white powder, with sparse, slightly curved prickles, 4-5 mm long. The leaves are solitary or tufted, 3-5 cm long, 7 cm long, palmately 5-lobed, rarely 3-lobed, with a large central piece, long ovate or oblong, apex acuminate, often caudate, small lobes on both sides, often unequal, lobes with double serrated edges; the main veins are 5-branched, pilose on the upper and pilose on the lower veins; petioles are thin, 3-4.5 cm long, with tiny spines; stipules are 2, linear It is lanceolate. Flowers solitary at the top of branchlets, pedicel thin, 2-3 cm long; calyx 5, persistent, ovoid oblong, hairy on both sides; petals 5, ovoid; stamens numerous, anthers T-shaped, 2-locular; pistils numerous, inserted on protruding receptacle. Aggregate fruit subglobose. The flowering period is April. The fruit period is from June to August.

It grows on the side of stream or hillside forest. Distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places.

② Cut the field to soak, see "inverted rooting" for details.

The roots (raspberry roots) and stems and leaves (raspberry leaves) of the above plants are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] after the beginning of summer, when the fruit is full and still green, pick it, remove the stems and leaves, soak it in boiling water for 1-2 minutes, and then dry it in the hot sun.

[medicinal materials] the dried aggregate fruit is composed of many small fruits, all of which are conical, oblate or spherical, 4-9 mm in diameter and 5-12 mm in height. The surface is grayish green with grayish white Tricholoma. The upper part is blunt and round, the bottom is flat, with brown involucre, 5-lobed. The involucre has brown hairs, and the lower part often has fruit stalk, which is brittle and easy to fall off. The small fruit is easy to peel off, each small fruit has a half moon shape, the back is densely covered with gray white Tricholoma, there are obvious reticular lines on both sides, containing a brown seed. It's fragrant, sweet and slightly sour. It's better to be big, plump, full grain, solid, gray green and without leafstalks.

Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei and other places.

Raspberry is mainly the fruit of Rubus palmatum. The fruit of chatianpao is used in Shaanxi, Sichuan and other places, such as the picture of raspberry in the book of names and facts of plants.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also a variety of fruits of the same genus used as raspberries, such as Rubus (see "Rubus" strip) used in Jiangsu Province; Rubus griseus (see "hard branch black lock plum" strip) used in Yunnan Province; Rubus pseudoraspberry used in Tibet, etc.

[chemical constituents] Rubus palmatum contains organic acids, sugars and a small amount of vitamin C.

[pharmacological action] the vaginal smears and endometrial sections of rats and rabbits were used as the observation indexes. It seems that raspberry has estrogen like effect.

[processing] sift off the dust, pick up the impurities and remove the handle.

① "Lei Gong Paozhi Lun": "for raspberries, steam them with wine for one night, wash them with water twice, and dry them in the sun. "

② "Compendium" and "picking raspberries, pounding them into pancakes, drying them in the sun and storing them closely, and steaming them with wine temporarily. "

[nature and taste] sweet and sour, flat.

① Bielu: "it tastes sweet, flat and nontoxic. "

② Qianjin Shizhi: "it tastes sweet and pungent, but it is flat. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "slight heat, sweet and pungent taste. "

④ Meng Shen: "it tastes sour. "

[Guijing] materia medica of Southern Yunnan: "entering liver and kidney channels. "

Functions and indications: tonifying liver and kidney, reducing defecation, helping Yang, strengthening essence and improving eyesight. Treatment of impotence, spermatorrhea, febrile number, drowning, fatigue, dark eyes.

① "Bielu": "the main Yiqi light body, make hair not white. "

② According to the theory of medicinal properties, "if a man's kidney essence is deficient and exhausted, a woman's food has a son. Main Yin flaccidity. "

③ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "it can help the five internal organs, improve the color, nourish the essence, grow the hair and strengthen the ambition. Treatment of stroke, body heat and shock. "

④ Kaibao materia medica: "tonifying deficiency, strengthening Yin and building Yang, moistening skin, harmonizing viscera, warming and tonifying, treating strain and wind deficiency, tonifying liver and improving eyesight. "

⑤ Ben Cao Yan Yi: "it can benefit kidney and reduce stool. "

⑥ "Treating kidney injury, exhausting essence and smoothing essence" is the key point of "treating kidney injury, exhausting essence and smoothing essence". "

⑦ "Ben Cao Shu": "it is used to treat fatigue, asthenia, liver and kidney qi deficiency, aversion to cold, kidney qi deficiency, cough, flaccidity, Xiaohuang, diarrhea, red and white turbidity, Hexi wind, blood syndrome and eye diseases. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1.5 ~ 2 yuan: soak wine, boil cream or put into pill or powder.

[should avoid] those with kidney deficiency and fire, short and astringent urine should be taken with caution.

① According to the classic of Materia Medica, it is forbidden to strengthen the Yang if it does not fall. "

② "Ben Cao Hui Yan": "kidney heat and yin deficiency, blood dryness and less blood should be avoided. "

③ "From the new materia medica:" do not take those who have a bad urination. "

[prescription selection] 1. The treatment of Yang can't start: raspberry, soaked in wine, baked and grinded at the end, three yuan for each wine. (Linhu jijianfang)

② Add essence and nourish marrow, dredge kidney qi, regardless of the deficiency and excess cold and heat of the lower Jiao, take it to calm the secret: eight Liang, < U > Zi < / u > eight Liang (steamed with wine, mashed cake), two Liang (crushed), raspberry four Liang (washed with wine, removed eyes). Two Liang (Yang Jing), medicine, both select the essence of the new, baking and drying, a total of fine powder, refining honey pills, Zi Da. For each serving, 90 hollow pills, 50 pills when going to bed, baifei soup or salt soup, and warm wine in winter. (Wuzi yanzongwan in the wonderful prescription for taking care of life)

③ Treatment of lung deficiency cold: raspberry, juice for fried fruit, still less honey, or boil for thin, point service. (Ben Cao Yan Yi)

[discussion by famous experts] ① in the compendium of Chinese medicine: "raspberry and Penghu have similar functions. Although they are two things, they are actually one kind and two kinds. One early maturing, one late maturing, no harm to both. Its tonic effect is the same as its contribution. If the raspberry is not mixed, also. "

② "The classic of materia medica:" raspberry, its main Yiqi, speech Yijing Qi also. The kidney stores essence and accepts Qi. If the essence and Qi are sufficient, the body is light and the hair is not white. Su Gong is the master of tonifying deficiency, strengthening Yin and Yang, moistening skin and harmonizing viscera. Zhen Quan, the main man kidney essence exhausted, Yin flaccid, women have children to eat. Daming is the master of five zang organs, benefiting color, nourishing essence, long hair and strong ambition. All take its benefit kidney add essence, sweet acid astringent meaning ear. "

③ "Raspberry is no doubt to cure kidney dryness and dampness. "

④ According to the book of Materia Medica, "raspberry is used to treat fatigue and asthenia. It can either tonify the kidney and Yuanyang, or benefit the kidney and Yinqi, or nourish the essence and blood. It can help each other as it is appropriate. "

⑤ According to Ben Cao Zheng Yi, "covering basin is a kind of medicine to nourish the true Yin. It tastes slightly acidic and can absorb the dissipated Yin Qi and produce semen. Therefore, Kou Zong Xun said that it is beneficial to the kidney and can reduce urine. It is reasonable to take it to cover the drowning vessel. In this classic, the five zang organs are tranquilized, and the Zang organs are yin. Every son is solid, and most of them can tonify the middle. If they have the power of sour collection, they can tonify the Yin of the five zang organs and benefit the essence and Qi. Every son is heavy, and most of them can benefit the kidney, which is specially involved in the kidney yin. It can strengthen the kidney qi, strengthen the will, and have a son. All of them can benefit the kidney yin. "Bielu" replenishes Qi and lightens the body, making the hair not white, which is still the meaning of "Ben Jing". But this is not to help Yang, but to nourish yin. The book of classical Chinese medicine and bielu do not say that it is warm. Those who think that it is slightly warm and slightly hot are all conjectures of later generations. It is like that all those who tonify the kidney belong to warm medicine. They do not know that the kidney yin and the kidney yang have their own special principles. Those who nourish the true Yin must not be warm medicine. "

Chinese PinYin : Fu Pen Zi