Guan Mutong

Guanmutong (Note: the production of drugs containing Guanmutong is prohibited, and the pharmaceutical standard of Guanmutong is cancelled by the State Food and Drug Administration)

Guan Mutong

(Chinese Pharmacopoeia)

[synonym] Ma Mutong (northeast plant medicine atlas) and Ku Mutong (discussion on varieties of Chinese medicinal materials).

[source] it is the woody stem of Aristolochiaceae.

[plant morphology] Aristolochia manshuriensis

Twining vines. Stem with gray cork, longitudinally rugose. Leaves alternate; petiole 10-13 cm long; leaf blade 12-20 cm long, 15-23 cm wide, apex obtuse or pointed, base heart-shaped, entire or microwave-shaped, with sparse short hairs below, 5 basal veins. Flowers axillary, pedicel base with 1-2 pale brown scales, and dense hairy; perianth tube 5-6 cm long, horseshoe shaped curved, the upper part expanded, outside light green, inside the stamen column hairy, tube brown or yellowish green, 3-lobed, lobes broadly triangular; stamens 6, attached to the outside of the stigma in pairs; stamen column triangular, stigma 3-lobed; ovary cylindrical. Capsule hexahedral cylindrical, 9-11 cm long, 3-4 cm in diameter, yellowish green, then dark brown, split into 6 petals from the apical space. Seeds heart-shaped triangular, grayish brown. The flowering period is May. The fruit period is from August to September.

It is common in wet places and shady places near rivers. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Gansu, Shaanxi and other places.

[collection] harvest from September to march of the next year, cut the stem, cut the section, remove the outer husk, dry in the sun or bake, straighten and bundle.

[medicinal material] the dried stem is cylindrical, 30-60 cm long, 1.2-2.5 cm in diameter, with grayish yellow or brown surface and slightly thick nodes. Solid quality, not easy to break. The skin of the section is yellowish white and soft, the wood is yellow, full of small holes, alternating with yellow lines, like a wheel. It's very bitter.

Produced in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and other places.

[chemical constituents] it contains aristolochic acid, oleanolic acid and ivy sapogenin.

[pharmacological action] ① effects on cardiovascular system

It has been reported that the effect of Decoction on isolated heart of toad and guinea pig is very similar to digitalis. But later studies have proved that its effect on the heart is caused by the calcium and tannic acid contained in it. Akebia itself does not have the effect of digitalis like cardiac glycoside. After intravenous injection of 0.5-2 g / kg of the decoction into anesthetized rabbits and dogs, the blood pressure increased immediately and then decreased, with a long-lasting secondary decrease in blood pressure. In some rabbits, the blood pressure did not increase but decreased.

② Other functions

The decoction has an excitatory effect on the small intestine of mice in vitro and an inhibitory effect on the uterus of mice in vitro. In anesthetized dogs and rabbits, the volume of urine decreased in a short time, and there was no diuretic effect. However, the urine output of the normal group was increased, but the chloride excretion was less than that of the control group.

In addition, the effects of aristolochic acid from the same genus aristolochic are as follows

① Antitumor effect

Multiple intraperitoneal injection can inhibit the growth of ascitic hepatoma in rats, but it has no effect on sarcoma-180 in mice, sarcoma-45 in rats, sarcoma-m-1 in rats and tumor-rs-1 in rats. It also has some inhibitory effects on the growth of sarcoma-37 and sarcoma AK in mice.

② General function

0.1-1% aristolochic acid was injected into conjunctival sac or subcutaneously in rabbits. In anesthetized cats, intravenous injection of 1-10 mg / kg can raise the blood pressure, but the heart rate does not change; in anesthetized cats, intravenous injection of 40 mg / kg can cause death, and the heart rate stops first and then the breath stops. It can contract the blood vessels of isolated rabbit ear and kidney, and excite the isolated rabbit intestine, in situ rabbit intestine and in situ cat uterus. Intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of 30-50 mg / kg could reduce rectal temperature by 2-2.5 ℃ for 24 hours.

[nature and taste] Chinese Pharmacopoeia: "bitter, cold. "

Functions and indications: clearing heart and fire, promoting urination, dredging menstruation and lowering milk. It is used for sore mouth and tongue, red urine, edema, heat drenching and astringent pain, leucorrhea, amenorrhea and hypogalactia, dampness heat arthralgia.

Chinese Pharmacopoeia: "diarrhea, fire.". The treatment of mouth and tongue sores, urine is also astringent. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1.5 yuan.

[abnormal treatment] overdose of Aristolochia Aristolochia can cause acute renal failure. According to the report, a case of maternal in order to pass milk, from the purchase of Aristolochia Aristolochia Aristolochia about 2.2 Liang with red bean soup to drink, after taking that feeling abdominal discomfort, followed by vomiting, headache, chest tightness, abdominal distension, dull pain, diarrhea, 7-8 times a day; half a month after the beginning of edema, frequent urination, urgency, night urine 7-8 times, daily urine volume is not much, no fever, gradually swollen body, can not lie flat, delirium, half faint It's a state of confusion. Laboratory examination: non protein nitrogen 51-112 mg%, carbon dioxide binding force 22.4 volume%, phenol red excretion test 2 times were "0". The same thing happened to the old woman who ate the red beans cooked in tongmutong. After admission, all patients were treated as acute renal failure and uremia, and discharged automatically after symptoms improved.

Chinese PinYin : Guan Mu Tong