Jujube

Jujube

(Ben Jing)

[alias] Ganzao, meizao, liangzao (bielu), Hongzao (Introduction to medicine).

[source] it is the mature fruit of Zizyphus jujuba.

[plant morphology] jujube (the book of songs), also known as spiny jujube.

Deciduous shrubs or small trees, up to 10 meters high. Branches smooth and glabrous, with paired needling, straight or hooked, young branches slender and clustered, rather like pinnate compound leaves. Zigzag. Single leaf alternate; ovate to ovate lanceolate, rarely ovate, 2-6 cm long, apex short pointed and obtuse, base askew, margin serrate, 3 main veins from base, lateral veins distinct. The flowers are small in shape, forming short cymes, clustered in leaf axils, yellow green; the calyx is 5-lobed, the upper part is petal shaped, and the lower part is connected into tube shaped, green; the petal is 5; the stamen is 5, opposite to the petal; the ovary is 2-locular, the style protrudes from the center of the disc, the apex is 2-lobed, the drupe is ovate to oblong, 1.5-5 cm long, dark red when ripe, the flesh is sweet, and the two ends of the nucleus are sharp. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruit period is from July to September.

Most of them are cultivated. It is distributed all over the country.

The root (root), bark (bark), leaf (leaf) and fruit core (seed) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] harvest in autumn when the fruit is ripe. Clean the impurities and dry them in the sun. Or bake until the skin is soft, then dry in the sun. Or first boil with water, so that the flesh is soft and the skin is not wrinkled when picked up, dried.

[herb] the fruit is slightly oval or oval, about 2-3.5 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter. The surface is dark red, glossy, with irregular wrinkles. The fruit has a deep pit at one end, a short and beautiful petiole in the middle, and a small protrusion at the other end. Exocarp thin, mesocarp fleshy, spongy, yellowish brown. The fruit core is spindle shaped, hard, sharp at both ends and dark red on the surface. The air is weak and the taste is sweet. It is better to have red color, thick meat, plump, small kernel and sweet taste.

It is mainly produced in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.

Jujube can be divided into red jujube and black jujube because of different processing. Jujube is generally used as medicine.

[chemical constituents] Ziziphus saponin I, II, III, Jujuboside B, stephanine, glucose, fructose, sucrose, camp, cGMP, etc.

Sweet and warm.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes sweet and flat. "

② Qianjin Shizhi: "it tastes sweet and spicy, hot and non-toxic. "

③ Meng Shen: "Wen. "

[channel tropism] entering spleen and stomach channels.

① "Compendium": "spleen meridian blood points. "

② In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "when you enter the Taiyin, you will enter the Yangming Sutra. "

Functions and indications: tonifying spleen and stomach, tonifying qi and promoting fluid, regulating Ying and Wei, and detoxifying drugs. It can treat deficiency of stomach, less food, weak spleen, loose stool, insufficient blood and body fluid, discord between Ying and Wei, palpitation and palpitation. The woman is impetuous.

① Ben Jing: "it governs the evil Qi in the heart, calms the middle and nourishes the spleen, and helps the twelve meridians. It calms stomach qi, dredges nine orifices, replenishes little Qi and body fluid, makes the body insufficient, makes the body shocked, makes the limbs heavy, and uses hundreds of medicines. "

② "Evil Aconitum poison" in the collection and annotation of the classic of Materia Medica. "

③ Bielu: "Buzhong Yiqi, powerful, in addition to boredom, treatment of heart suspension, bowel seclusion?"?. "

④ "Yaodui": "kill aconite, Tianxiong poison. "

⑤ Meng Shen: "it is mainly used to replenish body fluid, wash the evil Qi in the heart and abdomen, and use all kinds of drugs and poisons, dredge the nine orifices, replenish the insufficient Qi, cook food to nourish the intestines and stomach, and replenish qi in the fat. Children suffering from autumn dysentery are good when they eat with insects and dates. "

⑥ Rihuazi materia medica: "moisten the heart and lungs, stop coughing. Tonifying the five zang organs, treating deficiency and strain, and eliminating tinea of intestines and stomach. "

⑦ "Pearl bag": warming the stomach. "

⑧ Li Gao said: "warming to invigorate the spleen meridians is insufficient, sweet to slow Yin blood, and Yin and Yang, regulating Ying Wei, fluid. "

⑨ "Medicine Huayi": nourishing blood and tonifying liver. "

⑩ "Bencao Zaixin": "Buzhong Yiqi, Zishen Wenwei, treatment of yin deficiency. "

(11) Chinese medicine and plant Atlas: "treatment of allergic purpura, anemia and hypertension. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-6 yuan; or mash for pills. External use: decocting and washing or burning and storing, grinding and dressing.

[should avoid] it is not suitable for patients with damp phlegm, stagnation, tooth disease and insect disease.

① "Introduction to medicine": "the heart under the ruffian, in the full vomit taboo. Eat more wind, spleen disease. "

② According to the book of Materia Medica, it is not suitable to eat for infantile malnutrition and for those suffering from phlegm heat. "

③ In the book of "stagnating stomach qi is the root of stomach pain". "

④ "Sui Xi Ju diet spectrum": "eating too much is not good for people. Jaundice and swelling should be avoided in children, postpartum period and before and after warm heat and heat dampness. "

[prescription selection] 1. For the treatment of spleen and stomach dampness and cold, the diet is reduced, the diarrhea is long, and the valley is not changed: four liang of Atractylodes macrocephala and two liang of dried ginger. Two taels of chicken, half a jin of cooked jujube. The four herbs, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and chicken Nuojin, are used by raw people. Each flavor is refined and roasted separately. Then the dried ginger is refined and the Gonghe jujube meat is mashed together to make a small cake. When it is hollow, it is used as a snack. (Yipi cake in Zhongshen Xilu of Medicine)

② Treatment of nausea and vomiting: a jujube (to nuclear), a cantharis (to head wing) into the heat, to cantharis, hollow food, white soup. (compendium)

③ Invigorating Qi: ten big south jujubes, steamed soft to core, with ginseng a money, cloth bag, Tibetan rice pot steamed rotten, rammed into balls, such as marble big, storage use. (Zaoshen pill in xingyuanlu)

④ Treatment of stroke, panic, palpitation, heavy limbs: seven jujubes (to nuclear), green sorghum corn two. For the first two flavors, use three and a half liters of water. First, boil the jujube, take one and a half liters, remove the dross, and pour rice to make porridge. (supplement jujube porridge in Shengji Zonglu)

⑤ Treatment of women's visceral irritability, like sadness, want to cry, a few stretch: jujube 10, licorice 32, wheat 1 liter. On the three flavors, six liters of water, boil three liters, temperature points three service. (Ganmai Dazao Decoction in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑥ Cough treatment: 120 almonds (peeled and boiled), 100 black beans (boiled and dried), 40 dried jujubes (seeded). On the three flavor table pounding such as mud, pills such as apricot kernel, containing pharyngeal order to do. On the seventh and eighth degrees of the day, it's the end of the day. (Yu Shen's Bi Xiao Fang)

⑦ Zhixuanyin: Yuanhua (boil), kansui, Euphorbia, etc. The first three ingredients are pounded and sieved. The first is to boil ten big jujubes with one liter of water and five combinations of water. Take eight combinations, remove the dregs, and take the medicine powder. The strong take one money dagger, the weak take half money dagger, and the weak take half money dagger. After getting quick profits, MI congee feeds itself. (Shizao Decoction in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑧ Treatment of fatigue, depression and sleeplessness: 20 jujubes, seven green stems. On the two flavors, three liters of water, boil a liter, to the dross meal service. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑨ Treatment of lung gangrene and hematemesis: jujube (and nuclear burning), baiyaojian (calcined) each equal. For the end of the fine, each serving two money, rice soup tune down. (ER Hui San in San Yin Fang)

⑩ Treatment of acute pain: one plum, two dates, seven almonds. A pound, men's wine, women's Vinegar sent down. (maritime side)

(11) treatment of non thrombocytopenic purpura: red dates, eat three times a day, 10 each time, until all purpura subsided. Generally, one to two Jin of jujube is needed per person. (Shanghai Traditional Chinese medicine (4): 221962)

(12) treatment of zouma chancre: jujube (de nucleation, baoxinshi, Shao), Phellodendron amurense. The same as the end, cloth the affected area. (maritime side)

Treatment of various sores: three liters of jujube ointment, three douches of water, one and a half douches of boiling water, and several times of washing. (Qian Jin Fang)

(14) treatment of wind along rotten eyes: twenty big black dates (remove the core), five fractions of alum powder, and jujube meat mashed into paste, wet paper package, simmer in the fire for two minutes, take out, remove the paper, water two bowls, decoct the jujube paste soup, remove the residue, wash the soup eyes. (ophthalmology prescription of Ben Cao Hui Yan)

To prevent transfusion reaction

Take red jujube soup 15-30 minutes before blood transfusion (20 red jujubes, Fructus Kochiae, fried Schizonepeta tenuifolia, 3 yuan each). According to the observation of 46 person times, about 2 / 3 of the patients had no reaction, and there were few Ⅲ ° reactions. However, it seems that Hongzao decoction has no effect on the cases of hormone failure.

② To reduce the level of serum alanine aminotransferase, for patients with acute, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis with high activity of serum aminotransferase, take one dose of jujube peanut soup (red jujube, peanut, rock sugar, fried peanut first, then add red jujube rock sugar) every night before going to bed, 30 days as a course of treatment, 12 cases were observed to be effective. But for the patients with biliary tract infection, rheumatic activity and myocarditis, the drugs of clearing away heat and cholangitis or expelling wind and dampness should be used.

Chinese PinYin : Da Zao