Diaphorus purpureus

Diaphorus purpureus

(a textual research on the names and facts of plants)

[synonym] Medicago sativa, Ru pinchuanensis, and radish Ru (Leguminosae), tiebroom (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals), sanxuecao (Shaanxi botanical investigation), shengtoucao, yechangguo, jitoucao (Shanghai common Chinese herbal medicine), jilouzicao (Sichuan common Chinese herbal medicine), Melilotus flavescens (Jilin traditional Chinese herbal medicine), clover, baidu Cao (Shaanxi traditional Chinese herbal medicine) This paper introduces the characteristics of Chinese medicinal herbs, xiangmaliao (identification of main wild medicinal plants in Heilongjiang Province and new preparation of Chinese medicinal herbs), zhendongchali (Dynasty name).

[source] it is the whole plant of Melilotus.

[plant morphology] Melilotus

Herbs biennial or annual, 60-120 cm high. Stem erect, much branched. Leaflets elliptic or oblanceolate, 10-15 mm long, 5 mm wide, base cuneate, apex obtuse, margin sparsely dentate from base above; total leaf axis 1-2 cm long; stipules linear, 5 mm long. Raceme axillary or terminal, long and slender, with many flowers; flowers small, 3-4 mm long, bracts and short stalks: calyx campanulate, 5-lobed; corolla butterfly shaped, yellow, flag petal long elliptic, longer than wing petal, wing petal obtuse; stamens 10,9 united; caryopsis 1. Pods obovate, pendulous, reticulate, glabrous. The seed is single. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruit period is from August to September.

Born in sand mound, hillside, grassland and seaside. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia and other places.

This article is also for Medicago sativa.

The plants of the same genus, rhinoceros indicus (also known as "snake slough grass") and rhinoceros albopictus (also known as "white flower grass" rhinoceros) are also used in Guizhou, Shaanxi and other places. The height of the plant is 10-50 cm, the leaves are finely toothed above the middle, and the flowers are 2-3 mm long. It is distributed in southwest and East China. The plant is 1-4 meters high and the Corolla is white. It is distributed in northwest, northeast and Guizhou.

[collection] the whole grass should be harvested and dried in the shade.

[chemical constituents] Melilotus officinalis contains volatile oil, coumarin, 3.5-6.3% fatty oil, 7.1% pectin and 3.16% lignin. The oil content of stem is 2-3%.

The content of protein, ether extract, crude fiber, N-free extract, carbon hydrate, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and ash in Indian Melilotus hay was 17.70%, 2.63%, 34.14%, 35.03%, 69.17%, 0.82%, 0.29%, 0.38% and 10.50%, respectively. Coumarin, β - sitosterol and various sugars such as glucose, fructose, sorbose, raffinose and cellobiose were also isolated from fresh grass.

Luteolin contains o-hydroxycinnamic acid, namely kummaric acid, trans-o-hydroxycinnamic acid, namely o-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, namely p-coumaric acid, umbelliferide, scopoletin, luteolin, namely o-coumaric acid glucoside, kummaric acid glucoside, luteolin glucoside, namely o-hydroxyoxycinnamic acid glucoside, and glycine, serine, alanine, valine Leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, cystine, cysteine, methionine, arginine, histidine, lysine, glutamic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, aspartic acid and tyrosine. The rotten plant contains alfalfa phenol. The root and stem contain p-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. The leaves and shoots contain luteolin, namely o-hydroxycinnamic acid, glucoside of luteolin, glucoside of o-coumaric acid, glucoside of luteolin and chestnut bark. Stems and leaves also contain C16 to C30 acid and C20, C24, C28 alcohol wax. Fresh Yunhua contains Robinia glycosides and other flavonoid glycosides. The seeds contain luteolin and four terpene glycosides.

[pharmacological action] Melilotus has antimalarial effect

It can reduce the number of red blood cells infected by Plasmodium in chicken malaria. With proper medication, the blood test can become negative, and it can destroy the morphology of Plasmodium, but its destruction mode is different from that of Changshan, beet, quinine, etc. A small amount of coumarin is not toxic. A large amount of coumarin can cause nausea, vomiting, vertigo, cardiac depression and cold limbs. Horses, sheep and other livestock eating too much grass can cause paralysis. It can prolong the time of hemagglutination. The extracts from leaves, stems and roots can inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The root contains saponins and has hemolytic effect (when pH is 5.6).

The plant of the same genus, rhinoceros lutea, also known as Huangling Lingxiang. It has antibacterial activity (Bacillus larva). The flavonoids contained in it have low toxicity to mice, and can prolong the coagulation time without affecting the bleeding and thrombin time. It can antagonize the vasoconstriction of pyogenin on isolated rabbit ear. Local application can inhibit the increase of capillary permeability of rabbit back skin caused by formaldehyde and propylene glycol, but the effect is not constant for histamine and egg white. These effects are similar to those of coumarin or hesperidin.

It's hard work and cool.

① Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "bitter, light, cool, non-toxic. "

② Common Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai: "Xin, Ping. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, detoxifying, removing dampness and killing insects. Treatment of summer heat, chest tightness, malaria, dysentery, gonorrhea, skin sores.

① Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "clearing away heat, detoxifying, killing insects, promoting urination. Treatment of skin sores, wind Dan, red white dysentery, gonorrhea. "

② "Shanghai commonly used Chinese herbal medicine": "harmonizing, invigorating the stomach, removing dampness. Treatment of heat dampness, chest tightness, greasy mouth, halitosis, head distension. Headache. "

③ Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine: "clearing away heat, daring to poison, stopping dysentery, stopping malaria, strengthening stomach and removing dampness. Cure dysentery, malaria, bad breath, headache. "

[usage and dosage] oral: decoction, 3-5 yuan. External use: smoke.

[selection] 1. To treat malaria: one or two herbs. Fried soup. Take it an hour before the onset of malaria. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of chancre, sit board sores, pustules: bihancao, phellodendron, Angelica dahurica, realgar, red arsenic, borneol, wormwood and other grinding powder, rolled into paper, ignited fumigation. (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine)

Chinese PinYin : Pi Han Cao