Yue Fei
Yue Fei
Yue Fei (from March 24, 1103 to January 27, 1142) was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now Tangyin County, Henan Province). During the Southern Song Dynasty, the famous general, militarist, strategist, national hero, calligrapher and poet of the anti Jin period ranked first among the "four generals of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Yue Fei has been in the army four times since he was 20 years old. From the second year of Jianyan (1128) to the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1141), yuzongze took part in and directed hundreds of battles. When the Jin army attacked Jiangnan, it established a school of its own and strongly advocated resisting Jin and recovering Jiankang. In 1134, the six counties of Xiangyang were recovered. In 1136, Shaoxing led the northern expedition to capture Shangzhou and Guozhou. In the 10th year of Shaoxing (1140), Wanyan zongbi destroyed the alliance and attacked the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei commanded the northern expedition. The people of the two rivers rushed to tell each other, and the volunteers all over the country responded and attacked the Jin army. The Yue army recovered Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other places, defeated the Jin army in Yancheng and Yingchang, and marched into Zhuxian Town. However, Zhao Gou and Qin Hui, the Prime Minister of song Gaozong, insisted on making peace and urged the class teacher with twelve golden characters. In the process of being framed by Zhang Junhui and Zhang Junhui of Song Dynasty. In January 1142, he was killed with his eldest son, Yue Yun, and Zhang Xian. In the reign of emperor Xiaozong of Song Dynasty, he rehabilitated Zhaoxue and was buried in qixialing on the Bank of the West Lake. He pursued his posthumous title of Wumu, and later his posthumous title of Zhongwu and was granted the title of King E.
Yue Fei was an outstanding commander of the Southern Song Dynasty. He attached great importance to the people's anti Jin forces and created the strategy of "connecting Heshuo". He advocated that the folk anti Jin volunteers and the song army in the north of the Yellow River should cooperate with each other to recover the lost land. He managed the army with clear rewards and punishments, strict discipline, sympathized with his subordinates and set an example. The "Yue army" led by him was known as "freezing to death, not demolishing houses, starving to death, not fighting captivity". Jin Jun made a comment that "it's easy to shake the mountain, but it's difficult to shake the Yuejia army" to show his sincere admiration for the Yuejia army.
Yue Fei's literary talent is also outstanding. His representative poem "red man Jiang, full of rage" is a patriotic masterpiece handed down through the ages, and later generations have compiled anthologies.
Life of the characters
Three battles
Yue Fei was born on February 15, the second year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty (March 24, 1103 A.D.) in Tangyin County, Xiangzhou, West Hebei Province (Tangyin County, Henan Province). It is said that when Yue Fei was born, there was a big bird like a swan, flying in the room, so his parents named him Fei, the word Pengju.
In his youth, Yue Fei was a man of few words, often with integrity. I like reading Zuo's spring and Autumn Annals and the art of war of Sun Wu. He once worshipped Zhou Tong (Shuoyue Quanzhuan, etc. was changed to "Zhou Dong") as a teacher, learned to ride and shoot, and was able to bow left and right. Soon after Zhou Tong's death, Yue Fei went to the grave on the first and fifteenth day of the lunar new year. After that, Yue Fei paid homage to Chen Guang as his teacher and learned the skills of swords and spears. Yue feisheng has divine power. When he is less than 20 years old, he can pull a bow of 300 Song Jin and open a crossbow with eight stones.
In 1122, Tong Guan and CAI Youbing were defeated by Qidan. Liu Kai, an official of Hebei Province, recruited "brave soldiers" in Zhending prefecture (Zhengding County, Hebei Province) to fight against Liao Dynasty. Yue Fei enlisted, after selection, was appointed as "dare soldier" in a sub captain. Yue Fei, 20, began his military life. The bandits Tao Jun and Jia Jin make trouble in Xiangzhou. Yue Fei asks for his order to get rid of them. Yue Fei's outstanding performance led a hundred cavalry to capture the two thieves alive by ambush.
In the same year, Yue Fei's father Yue he died of illness. Yue Fei bid farewell to Liu Kai, left the army and rushed back to Tangyin to keep filial piety for his father. In 1124, a flood occurred in Hebei and other roads, which made the Yue family's livelihood difficult. In order to make a living, Yue Fei went to the Pingding army on Hedong Road (Pingding County, Shanxi Province) to join the army and serve as a cavalry officer. Soon he was promoted to a partial school.
In 1125, after the Jin Dynasty destroyed Liao Dynasty, it invaded Song Dynasty. Huizong Zen of Song Dynasty is located in Zhao Huan, the eldest son of emperor qinzong of Song Dynasty. The Eastern Jin army crossed the Yellow River to encircle Kaifeng. Emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty used Li Gang to guard the capital, but he finally chose to seek peace and offered a large amount of gold and silver. He cut Taiyuan, Hejian, Zhongshan and other three counties to Jin.
In the first year of Jingkang (1126), Zhao Huan, Emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty, repented of cutting the land. The two Jin armies met after they conquered Taiyuan and besieged Kaifeng for the second time. While seeking peace, Zhao Huan ordered Zhao Gou, the king of Kang, to be the commander of the army and horse of Hebei Province, and to call up all kinds of troops and horses to prepare for the king.
In Xiangzhou City, Wu Yi's Doctor Liu Hao was responsible for recruiting righteous men and recruiting rout soldiers. After the collapse of Taiyuan and Pingding armies, Yue Fei, who broke through the siege of Pingding army and returned to his hometown, witnessed the massacre and enslavement of the people after the Jin invasion. He was indignant and wanted to join the army. He also worried that his old mother was old and his wife and children were weak, so he could not be safe in the war. Yao's mother-in-law, a woman with profound sense of righteousness, actively encouraged Yue Fei to "serve the country through military service" and tattooed on his back the four words of "serve the country faithfully". Yue Fei kept his mother's instruction in mind, took pains to bid farewell to his relatives and joined the anti gold front.
The beginning of glory
In the winter of the first year of Jingkang (1126), Zhao Gou, king of Kang, went to Xiangzhou and opened the Da Yuan mansion of Hebei Bingma on the first day of December. Yue Fei, together with Liu Hao, was under the jurisdiction of Da Yuan mansion. Liu Hao was under the control of the former army of the Marshal's mansion. Zhao Gou ordered him to go south to Xunzhou (northwest of xunxian County in Henan Province) and Huazhou (Huaxian County in Henan Province) to serve as a suspicious soldier to help Kaifeng, while he led the main force of the Marshal's Mansion to the north of Daming mansion.
At Liu Hao's command, Yue Fei led a cavalry team of 300 to ligudu for reconnaissance. When he met the Jin soldiers in the Imperial Guard, Yue Fei killed the enemy general and repulsed the Jin army. In the encounter of Huazhou south, Yue Fei took the lead and defeated the Jin army with a hundred horses. After two small battles, Yue Fei's bravery and martial arts skills were revealed.
Liu Haojun was blocked in crossing the Yellow River to Junzhou, so he had to follow the Marshal's men to the north. At this time, deputy marshal Zongze also arrived in Daming. Zhao Gou didn't accept Zongze's words about rescuing Kaifeng. He and Wang Boyan continued to move to Dongping mansion (southwest of Dongping County, Shandong Province), and only went to Kaifeng with Zongze's 10000 people. Yue Fei is subordinate to Zongze with Liu Hao's department. This is his first time to become Zongze's department. Zongze led his troops into Kaide prefecture (Puyang, Henan Province) and fought thirteen battles with the Jin army. Yue Fei fought bravely and moved to xiuwulang with military merit.
In February 1127, Yue Fei joined the army to fight in Caozhou (south of Heze City, Shandong Province). He wielded his double mace and took the lead. The song army defeated the Jin army in a white-edged melee and chased for tens of miles. Yue Fei moved to wuyilang because of his merits. After Liu Hao's two thousand troops were stationed in Bolin Town, Dingtao County (Dingtao County, Shandong Province), the Marshal's office ordered him to change to Huang Qianshan and no longer let Zongze command the army. At this time, Huang Qianshan had 36000 people, but he only knew how to preserve his strength and did not move on, so that Zongze, who had only 25000 people, fell into a situation of fighting alone. Although Zongze won some victories, his team suffered a lot of losses, which could hardly hurt the vitality of the Jin army.
In April of that year, the Jin army withdrew from Bianjing City, which had been ransacked completely. It was full of gold, silk and treasures and went north. More than 3000 people, including Huizong and qinzong of the Song Dynasty, members of the royal family, confidential ministers and Baigong, were captured. The Northern Song Dynasty perished, which is called "the change of Jingkang".
On the first day of May, Zhao Gou, king of Kang, ascended to the throne in yingtianfu (Shangqiu, Henan Province) for Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty and Jianyan of the Yuan Dynasty. Although Zhao Gou adopted Li Gang, a famous Minister of the Anti Japanese War, as his left prime minister, he still attached great importance to Huang Qianshan, Wang Boyan and other surrenders. Zhao Gou adopted the policy of Huang Qianshan and others to avoid the war and move southward, preparing to travel southward to "patrol", and wanted to retreat to Chang'an, Xiangyang, Yangzhou and other places. Yue Fei, who was 25 years old at that time, learned the news. Regardless of his humble position, he "wrote thousands of words" to Zhao Gou
"Your Majesty has ascended the great treasure, and the country has its own master. He has already made a plan to defeat the enemy. But the master of King Qin, RI Ji, said that I was weak, so I should take advantage of his sluggish attack. Huang Qianshan and Wang Boyan's generation can't inherit the holy intention to recover. They are driving southward day by day, so they may not be able to meet the expectations of the Central Plains. I hope your majesty will take advantage of the enemy's cave and lead the six armies to the north, so that the officers and men will be angry and the Central Plains can be restored. "
However, his Geng Dan Xin only got the eight character comment that "Xiaochen Yue's position is not suitable to speak", and he was removed from the military post and military status, and expelled from the military camp.
Yue Fei's determination to fight against Jin was not shaken. In August 1127, the first year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei crossed the river to the north and went to Beijing Daming mansion, the front line of anti Jin war. After Zhao Jiuling's recommendation, he met with Zhang Suo, the then "Sheng man he Shuo" who was recruiting talents to fight against Jin. This is his fourth time in the army. After knowing what happened to Yue Fei, Zhang was very sympathetic, so he left him "in front of the account.". Because of Yue Fei's extraordinary insight and superb martial arts, Zhang Suo finally decided to promote him. At first, he used his white body to repair Wu Lang, and then he was promoted to commander, and then to control, and was subordinate to the famous general Wang Yan.
However, Zhao Gou, Huang Qianshan, Wang Boyan and others, in order to beg for peace from the Jin people, deliberately suppressed the anti Jin forces in the court: first, Li Gang, who strongly advocated anti Jin, was dismissed, then Zhang Suo, who had impeached Huang Qianshan in the past, was demoted to Lingnan, and finally died in the process of demotion. The army of Wang Yan and Yue Fei, who were sent by Zhang to recover Weizhou and other places, also became a lone army because of the cancellation of the Department of appeasement in Hebei West Road.
Wang Yan was stationed in Shimen mountain, Xinxiang County, Weizhou. He was worried about the assembly of the Jin army, so he went out cautiously. Yue Fei was a little young and full of vigor. He accused Wang Yan of being timid: "the two emperors were covered with dust, and the thieves took charge of Heshuo. The officials should open the way to meet Chengyu. If we don't fight now, we have to wait and see. Don't we really want to have thieves? " He led his subordinates to attack Xinxiang County without authorization, captured a thousand families of Jin army, Ali Bo, and defeated ten thousand families of Wang Suo. The Jin army mistakenly thought that Wang Yan and Yue Feijun were the main forces of the song army, so they sent people from all walks of life to Xinxiang to prepare for a decisive battle with the song army. The army of Wang and Yue, only 7000 people, was besieged by the Jin army and broke up in the breakout. After Yue Fei broke through the encirclement, he met Jin Bing again in Hou Zhaochuan. He led his troops to fight to the death. He was wounded more than ten times and died
Chinese PinYin : Yue Fei
