Zhou Shide

Zhou Shide

Zhou Shide (September 27, 1921 to December 4, 2012), named Xianyi, was originally from Huozhou, Shanxi Province. His ancestors moved to Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province during the reign of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty. Born in the family of poetry. Gaozu is Juren, great grandfather is a scholar, grandfather is Bagong, Father also studied in Jinling University. There are 9 relatives and cousins, 8 of whom have received university education (3 from Jiaotong University, 2 from Tsinghua University, 1 from Sinian University, 1 from Datong University and 1 from Chongqing University). Three of them have studied in Britain, France and the United States respectively.

When he was young (1927-1933), Mr. Zhou received the elementary education of Chinese culture in his private school. At the age of 11, he began to study in Yangzhou Zhengyi primary school. Later, he successively studied in Zhengyi middle school, private Yangzhou middle school and Jiangdu junior middle school.

brief account of the author's life

In 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out, and the whole family fled to the suburbs of Yangzhou. In 1938, he was admitted to the provincial Yangzhou middle school in Taizhou. In 1939, Taizhou was in a tight situation. Yangzhou middle school moved to Shanghai concession. He went to Shanghai to study with the school. At that time, he often took the first place in the math exam in his class, which was praised by the math teacher Xu Zhiheng (Zhong Shan). After graduating from high school in 1941, he was admitted to the Electrical Engineering Department of Shanghai Datong University. Because of the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese entered the concession, and he and several close classmates went to the mainland. He came to Chongqing in October 1943. After registering with the Ministry of education, he continued to study in the Mechanical Department of Chongqing University. He graduated in May 1946 with a bachelor's degree in engineering. I wanted to work nearby in Nanjing and Shanghai, but at that time, the society was turbulent and the work was not easy. In October 1946, introduced by relatives and friends, he worked in Qingdao power plant as a public works worker and leader of electric power supervision group. In November 1952, he was transferred to Beijing Electric Power Design Institute, General Electric Power Design Bureau of Beijing Ministry of fuel, together with Huang Xi (1920 ～), a classmate of Chongqing University. He successively served as technician and acting project leader. In January 1954, he was transferred to Xi'an Northwest Electric Power Management Bureau, and successively served as technician, engineer, leader of design audit team, acting director of design department, etc. He worked in Xi'an until early 1958. During the period from September 1957 to February 1958, he was sent to Beijing to attend the philosophy workshop for engineers of the Ministry of coal, electricity and oil. my long-term work in electric power is not my specialty. Later, I decided that I should set a fixed specialty and goal to make contributions to the country instead of being a superficial "Jack of all trades". In April 1958, he was admitted as a graduate student of the history of ancient crafts in the Research Office of the history of Chinese Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (the predecessor of the Research Institute of the history of Natural Sciences). In 1962, he completed his graduation thesis "a survey of Chinese sand boats". In October 1958, he successfully passed the defense committee composed of Li Yan, Wang Zhenduo, ye Qisun, Bai Shouyi, Xiang Da and Qian baocong. After graduation, he stayed in the Office (Institute) to work, and successively served as assistant researcher and leader of technology history group. He was promoted to associate researcher in 1980 and retired in June 1987.

Social Appointments

He used to be a specialist of Qingdao Daily's "popular science weekly" and a member of the academic degree committee of the Institute of history of natural sciences, a consultant of the shipbuilding history research association of the Chinese society of Shipbuilding Engineering, a vice chairman of the ordnance science and Technology History Research Association of the Chinese ordnance Industry Association, a member of the editorial board of the Encyclopedia of China, volume of mechanical engineering, and chief editor of the compilation group of the development history of mechanical engineering; He is a member of Chinese society of engineers, Qingdao Branch of Chinese society of natural science workers, Chinese Federation of science and technology societies, Chinese Society for popularization of science and technology, and director of Chinese Society for history of science and technology.

Main achievements

In 1994, 14 representative works were published under the name of Diao Chong Ji. He devoted himself to the history of shipbuilding and published a large number of works, such as a study on the oar system of ancient Chinese ships (Research on the history of natural sciences, No. 2, 1989), which systematically investigated the process of the oar system's evolution from tip to rudder. On the traditional ship design in ancient China (carving insects collection, Earthquake Press, 1994) makes a detailed investigation on the design principle, design classification, pattern and model, and design module of ancient ships in China, which clearly shows the ancient shipbuilding design context. Some problems in the history of Chinese shipbuilding (Research on the history of natural science, 1983, issue 1) put forward their own preliminary views on the division of the history of Chinese shipbuilding. Shen Qi and the history of Nanchuan (historical materials of Chinese science and technology, 1993, issue 1) gives a comprehensive introduction to the life story of Shen Qi, a farsighted statesman and expert in water conservancy and shipbuilding in the Ming Dynasty, and the academic value of Nanchuan Ji, an ancient book of shipbuilding technology. A study of Chinese sand ships (history of science, No.5, 1963) systematically combs the history of sand ships, one of the four major ship types in ancient China. When discussing the size and type of treasure ships, the paper points out incisively that "in history, all the ships sent by our country to foreign countries chose the largest ships in the local area at that time. As for Zheng He's seven voyages to the Western oceans, their scale and footprints were larger than those of the previous generations, and the social conditions at that time also provided the possibility, so they could reach an unprecedented scale, with extremely huge ships, 44 Zhang long, 150.5 meters. " At the same time, it is considered that the "sand boat" is the most reasonable type of treasure ship, but there are some problems in the records of "guangshibazhang" in the biography of Zheng He in the history of Ming Dynasty and the genealogy of Zheng He. Because of the large displacement, the wooden sailboats at that time were unlikely to reach this level. According to "according to the proportion of sand ships in Jiangsu Province", it is doubtful that there are errors in the records of ship width. It is doubted that the eighteen Zhangs of Guang recorded in the book is a mistake of "eight Zhangs of Guang". In addition, he also wrote the technical achievements of ancient Chinese Shipbuilding Engineering (achievements of ancient Chinese science and technology, China Youth Publishing House, 1978, pp. 610-623) and ancient warships (military encyclopedia, ancient weapons volume, military science publishing house, 1991).
　　

The way of life

As a scholar deeply influenced by traditional culture, he has a strong interest in "becoming a family" and "becoming famous". However, he is timid and fragile. He lacks courage and determination in doing things, and is not good at seizing opportunities to fight for corresponding rights and interests. He is noble all his life. In the face of the cruel reality, sometimes he is inevitably frustrated and sad. Sometimes I even feel that I have lost money in graduate school, and my career change has affected my promotion and salary. On the other hand, his wandering during the Anti Japanese war made him have a sentimental temperament, which had a profound influence on his philosophy of life. But in today's society, where honesty is equal to cowardice, sometimes it can't help being ridiculed as pedantic. Nevertheless, he still adheres to the integrity of keeping himself clean. He has self-restraint and yearns for a leisurely and elegant life. I usually like music and literature and care about current affairs. It is open-minded and easy for children's education, which means that they are not born with, and they do not rely on. However, he is somewhat lazy, and occasionally reveals the regret that no one in his old age is engaged in academic research.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Shi De